喷施纳米氧化铈对紫花苜蓿幼苗耐盐性的影响

doi:10.11686/cyxb2025330

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以‘中苜1号’紫花苜蓿为材料，采用叶面喷施50 mg·L^-1二氧化铈纳米颗粒（CeO₂ NPs）溶液进行处理，再用300 mmol·L^-1盐胁迫处理幼苗10 d，通过测定幼苗生长、光合、膜脂过氧化、抗氧化系统和渗透调节物质等指标，综合评价CeO₂ NPs对紫花苜蓿幼苗耐盐性的影响。结果表明，盐胁迫显著抑制了紫花苜蓿幼苗的生长，降低了其生物量和光合作用，增加了活性氧的积累。在盐胁迫下，喷施CeO₂NPs显著缓解了盐胁迫对紫花苜蓿幼苗的损伤，促进了幼苗的生长和生物量的增加，提高了紫花苜蓿的相对含水量和光合作用。此外，喷施CeO₂ NPs处理明显降低了盐胁迫下紫花苜蓿的相对电导率、丙二醛（MDA）、过氧化氢（H₂O₂）和超氧阴离子（·O₂^-）积累，同时升高了超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶（APX）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）和过氧化物酶（POD）活性以及可溶性糖和脯氨酸含量，与单独盐胁迫处理相比分别提高了20.0%、29.9%、41.4%和54.3%，39.4%和16.5%。综合表明，CeO₂NPs通过增强紫花苜蓿的抗氧化酶活性、促进渗透调节物质积累，降低过氧化损伤，从而促进植株的光合作用和生长，最终增强紫花苜蓿的耐盐性。

关键词: 二氧化铈纳米颗粒, 盐胁迫, 紫花苜蓿, 光合变化, 生理响应

Abstract:

The aim of this work was to determine whether treatment with cerium dioxide nanoparticles （CeO₂ NPs） increases the salt tolerance of alfalfa （Medicago sativa）. A 50 mg·L^-1 solution of CeO₂ NPs was applied by foliar spraying to ‘Zhongmu No.1’ alfalfaseedlings， and the seedlings were then subjected to a 10-day salt stress treatment with 300 mmol·L^-1 NaCl. A range of parameters， including growth， photosynthetic characteristics， membrane lipid peroxidation， antioxidant enzyme activities， and osmotic regulatory substance contents were measured to comprehensively evaluate the effect of CeO₂ NPs on the salt tolerance of alfalfa plants. Salt stress significantly inhibited seedling growth， reduced biomass， and photosynthetic capacity， and increased reactive oxygen species accumulation. When plants in the control group and those sprayed with CeO2 NPs were subjected to the salt treatment， those in the treatment group showed significantly milder symptoms of salt damage， increased seedling growth and biomass accumulation， and higher relative water content and photosynthetic performance. Under salt stress， the plants sprayed with CeO₂ NPs exhibited significantly reduced relative conductivity， malondialdehyde content， and hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion accumulation， and elevated activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD）， ascorbate peroxidase （APX）， catalase （CAT）， and peroxidase （POD）， as well as increased soluble sugar and proline contents. Specifically， in the CeO₂ NPs-treated plants compared with control plants， the SOD， APX， CAT， and POD activities were increased by 20.0%， 29.9%， 41.4%， and 54.3%， respectively， while the soluble sugar and proline contents were increased by 39.4% and 16.5%， respectively， under salt stress. Collectively， these results show that CeO₂ NPs promote photosynthesis and growth by enhancing antioxidant enzyme activities， promoting the accumulation of osmoprotectants， and decreasing oxidative damage， thereby enhancing alfalfa’s salt tolerance.

Key words: cerium dioxide nanoparticles, salt stress, alfalfa, photosynthetic changes, physiological response

杨金辉, 王晓彤, 马永龙, 余冬雯, 童玉花, 李淑霞. 喷施纳米氧化铈对紫花苜蓿幼苗耐盐性的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2026, 35(8): 45-54.

Jin-hui YANG, Xiao-tong WANG, Yong-long MA, Dong-wen YU, Yu-hua TONG, Shu-xia LI. Effect of CeO₂ NPs on the salt tolerance of alfalfa seedlings[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2026, 35(8): 45-54.

图/表 7

图1 喷施不同浓度CeO2 纳米颗粒溶液对盐胁迫下苜蓿幼苗生长的影响SC1、SC5、SC10、SC50、SC100处理分别表示1、5、10、50、100 mg·L-1 CeO2 NPs喷施后统一用300 mmol·L-1 NaCl进行处理。不同字母表示处理间差异显著（P<0.05），下同。SC1， SC5， SC10， SC50， and SC100 treatments represent the application of 1， 5， 10， 50， and 100 mg·L-1 CeO2 NPs， respectively， followed by uniform treatment with 300 mmol·L-1 NaCl. Different letters indicate significant differences among treatments （P<0.05）， the same below.

Fig.1 Effect of sprayed CeO2 nanoparticles concentration on the growth of alfalfa seedlings under salt stress

图2 喷施CeO2纳米颗粒溶液对盐胁迫下紫花苜蓿幼苗生长的影响

Fig.2 Effect of CeO2 nanoparticles spraying treatment on alfalfa seedling growth under salt stress

图3 喷施CeO2纳米颗粒溶液对盐胁迫下紫花苜蓿幼苗相对含水量和光合作用的影响

Fig.3 Effect of CeO2 nanoparticles spraying treatment on relative water content and photosynthesis in alfalfa seedlings under salt stress

图4 喷施CeO2纳米颗粒溶液对盐胁迫下紫花苜蓿幼苗相对电导率与丙二醛含量的影响

Fig.4 Effect of CeO2 nanoparticles spraying treatment on relative electrical conductivity （REC） and malondialdehyde （MDA） content of alfalfa seedlings under salt stress

图5 喷施CeO2纳米颗粒溶液对盐胁迫下紫花苜蓿幼苗活性氧积累的影响DAB： 3，3'-二氨基联苯胺 3，3' diaminobenzidine； NBT：硝基四氮唑蓝 Nitroblue tetrazolium.

Fig.5 Effect of CeO2 nanoparticles spraying treatment on reactive oxygen species accumulation in alfalfa seedlings under salt stress

图6 喷施CeO2纳米颗粒溶液对盐胁迫下紫花苜蓿幼苗抗氧化酶系统的影响

Fig.6 Effect of CeO2 nanoparticles spraying treatment on the antioxidant enzyme system of alfalfa seedlings under salt stress

图7 喷施CeO2纳米颗粒溶液对盐胁迫下紫花苜蓿幼苗渗透调节物质的影响

Fig.7 Effect of CeO2 nanoparticles spraying treatment on osmotic regulatory substances in alfalfa seedlings under salt stress

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