大豆和百脉根古老原核基因的全基因组鉴定与比较分析

doi:10.11686/cyxb2017521

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在漫长的进化过程中,高等真核生物从原核生物中获取了大量基因,对这些基因进行鉴定分析,可为研究高等植物系统演化及基因组水平比较分析提供理论依据。为了进一步解析大豆和百脉根古老原核基因在其基因组中所起的作用及进化关系,本研究利用生物信息学技术对大豆和百脉根基因组古老原核基因进行全基因组鉴定,并对其特征及功能进行了比较分析。研究结果表明,大豆(40.6%)古老原核基因的占比高于百脉根(33.9%),且多分布于内共生细胞器线粒体、叶绿体中。此外,古老原核蛋白质的结构域在大豆和百脉根基因组中的分布相似,表明其在大豆和百脉根进化过程中具有较高的共线性和保守性。通过GO注释发现大豆与百脉根中古老原核蛋白主要分布在膜系统、细胞、细胞组分中。在分子功能上,大豆古老原核蛋白更多地参与代谢和发育过程,这可能与其接受了更多的人为选育有关。在生物过程中,古老原核蛋白更多参与催化反应和结合反应,主要以酶的形式在发挥作用。通过比较分析,本研究揭示了古老原核蛋白在大豆和百脉根中进化的独特模式,可为其他豆科植物基因组分析提供一定理论基础。

关键词: 大豆, 百脉根, 古老原核蛋白, 进化

Abstract: Eukaryotes have acquired a large number of genes from prokaryotes during their evolution. The identification and analysis of these genes can provide a theoretical basis for study of the systematic evolution of higher plants. In order to further investigate the significance old prokaryotic genes during the evolution of Glycine max and Lotus corniculatus, the old prokaryotic genes in these two species’ genomes were comprehensively identified using bioinformatics methods and the functions and relations of these genes were further analyzed. Our results suggest that the number of old prokaryotic genes is higher in G. max (40.6%) than in L. corniculatus (33.9%). The largest fractions of these protein-encoding genes were found to be localized in endo-symbiotic organelles, such as mitochondria and chloroplasts.Similar distributions of the domain architecture of old prokaryotic proteins were found in both G. max and L. corniculatus genomes, revealing that they may share high collinearity and conservation during evolution.Based on Gene Ontology (GO) functional classifications, we found that the old prokaryotic proteins were mainly distributed in membrane, cell, and cell parts. In terms of molecular function, the old prokaryotic proteins mainly participated in metabolic and developmental processes in G. max, which may have been caused by human selection pressure for better agronomic productivity.In terms of biological processes, the old prokaryotic proteins mainly participated in catalytic reactions and binding reactions, indicating that they may play a role as enzymes. Using comparative analysis, our work has indicated a distinctive pattern in the evolution of old prokaryotic proteins in G. max and L. corniculatus, with the results suggesting a theoretical basis for the genomic analysis of other leguminous plants.

Key words: Glycine max, Lotus corniculatus, old prokaryotic proteins, evolution

韦兴燚, 李昱, 刘文献, 金小煜, 闵学阳, 张正社, NdayambazaBoniface, 王彦荣. 大豆和百脉根古老原核基因的全基因组鉴定与比较分析[J]. 草业学报, 2018, 27(11): 49-57.

WEI Xing-yi, LI Yu, LIU Wen-xian, JIN Xiao-yu, MIN Xue-yang, ZHANG Zheng-she, Ndayambaza Boniface, WANG Yan-rong. Whole genome identification and comparative analysis of old prokaryotic genes in Glycine max and Lotus corniculatus[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2018, 27(11): 49-57.

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