草业学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (4): 189-200.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2024187
• 研究论文 • 上一篇
姚博1,2(
), 朱瑞芬1,2, 徐远东1,2, 孙万斌1,2, 刘畅1,2, 陈积山1,2(
)
收稿日期:2024-05-21
修回日期:2024-07-15
出版日期:2025-04-20
发布日期:2025-02-19
通讯作者:
陈积山
作者简介:Corresponding author. E-mail: cjshlj@163.com基金资助:
Bo YAO1,2(
), Rui-fen ZHU1,2, Yuan-dong XU1,2, Wan-bin SUN1,2, Chang LIU1,2, Ji-shan CHEN1,2(
)
Received:2024-05-21
Revised:2024-07-15
Online:2025-04-20
Published:2025-02-19
Contact:
Ji-shan CHEN
摘要:
真菌病害是制约饲草作物优质高产的主要因素,生防菌剂因其环保、无害的特点成为病害绿色防控的首选,其对饲草作物真菌病害的总体防效及其影响因素亟待明确。本研究搜集截至2024年3月已发表的文献共24篇(79组病害防控数据),采用Meta分析方法系统评估了芽孢杆菌、木霉、丛枝菌根真菌等常见生防菌剂对苜蓿、燕麦、青贮玉米、黑麦草、三叶草、箭筈豌豆和鸭茅等主栽饲草广泛发生的根腐病、锈病、白粉病、叶斑病和炭疽病的防控效果,同时探讨了影响其防效的多种因素并量化了其防效。结果表明,生防菌剂对饲草作物真菌病害具有显著防控效果,其总体平均防效达49.85%。异质性检验表明病原种类、菌剂浓度、施用次数、作物种类、病害类型和菌剂类型6种因素显著影响防效,而试验类型、施用模式和生防菌种的影响不显著。综合而言,1) 生防菌剂对主要饲草作物苜蓿和燕麦的根腐病、白粉病的防效均高于总体平均防效;2) 生防菌应针对病原菌筛选特异高效的菌种;3) 兼顾经济和防效时生防菌剂浓度宜采用108 CFU·mL -1,施用次数为2次。本研究结果为后续研究以及实际生产中应用生防菌剂防控饲草作物真菌病害提供了切实的依据。
姚博, 朱瑞芬, 徐远东, 孙万斌, 刘畅, 陈积山. 基于Meta评估生防菌剂对饲草作物真菌病害防效及其影响因素[J]. 草业学报, 2025, 34(4): 189-200.
Bo YAO, Rui-fen ZHU, Yuan-dong XU, Wan-bin SUN, Chang LIU, Ji-shan CHEN. Effect of biocontrol agents to control forage crop fungal diseases and factors influencing their effectiveness: A Meta-analysis[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2025, 34(4): 189-200.
| E | k | PE | Ci.lb | Ci.ub | Q | PQ | N |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| -0.6905 | 79 | <0.0001 | -0.7915 | -0.5895 | 23165.92 | <0.0001 | 3343 |
表1 Meta分析随机效应模型整体结果
Table 1 The overall results of the random-effects model in Meta-analysis
| E | k | PE | Ci.lb | Ci.ub | Q | PQ | N |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| -0.6905 | 79 | <0.0001 | -0.7915 | -0.5895 | 23165.92 | <0.0001 | 3343 |
| 编号Code | 影响因素Influencing factor | k | QM | PQM |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | 作物种类Species of forage crop | 79 | 22.06 | 0.001 |
| B | 生防菌种Microbial biocontrol agent | 79 | 37.84 | 0.080 |
| C | 试验类型Type of experiment | 79 | 2.51 | 0.113 |
| D | 菌剂类型Type of biocontrol agent | 79 | 6.32 | 0.042 |
| E | 施用模式Application method | 79 | 8.34 | 0.080 |
| F | 病害类型Type of disease | 79 | 10.42 | 0.034 |
| G | 病原种类Species of pathogen | 79 | 82.42 | <0.001 |
| H | 施用次数Frequency of application | 79 | 22.37 | <0.001 |
| I | 菌剂浓度Concentration of the microbial agent | 50 | 30.62 | <0.001 |
表2 解释变量的异质性检验
Table 2 Heterogeneity test of factors
| 编号Code | 影响因素Influencing factor | k | QM | PQM |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | 作物种类Species of forage crop | 79 | 22.06 | 0.001 |
| B | 生防菌种Microbial biocontrol agent | 79 | 37.84 | 0.080 |
| C | 试验类型Type of experiment | 79 | 2.51 | 0.113 |
| D | 菌剂类型Type of biocontrol agent | 79 | 6.32 | 0.042 |
| E | 施用模式Application method | 79 | 8.34 | 0.080 |
| F | 病害类型Type of disease | 79 | 10.42 | 0.034 |
| G | 病原种类Species of pathogen | 79 | 82.42 | <0.001 |
| H | 施用次数Frequency of application | 79 | 22.37 | <0.001 |
| I | 菌剂浓度Concentration of the microbial agent | 50 | 30.62 | <0.001 |
图1 不同作物种类对生防菌剂防效的影响a: 病情指数效应值Disease index effect size; 图中显示加权平均效应值和95%置信区间The Figure shows the weighted average effect size and 95% confidence interval; b: 防效值Control effect value; 图中圆点表示平均防效值, 点的误差棒表示95%置信区间, 灰色代表影响不显著的样本The dots in the Figure represent the average preventive efficacy, the error bars of the points represent the 95% confidence interval, and the gray represents the samples with no significant influence; 图例中k表示样本数In the legend, k represents the number of samples; *: P<0.05; **: P<0.01; ***: P<0.001; 下同The same below.
Fig.1 Effects of different forage crop species on the control efficacy of biocontrol agents
图7 生防菌与病原菌、饲草作物和环境互作示意图图中实线表示相关内容已有较多研究; 虚线表示相关内容研究较少或空白。In the Figure, the solid line indicates that there has been more research on the related content, while the dotted line indicates that the related content is less or blank.
Fig.7 Schematic diagram of interaction among biocontrol agents and pathogens, forage crops and environment
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