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草业学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (2): 226-241.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2023132

• 综合评述 • 上一篇    

披碱草属真菌病害研究进展

薛龙海1(), 刘佳奇1,2, 李春杰1,2()   

  1. 1.兰州大学草种创新与草地农业生态系统全国重点实验室,草地微生物研究中心,草地农业教育部工程研究中心,甘肃省西部草业技术创新中心,草地农业科技学院,农业农村部草牧业创新重点实验室,甘肃 兰州 730020
    2.中国林业科学研究院国家林业和草原局草原研究中心,北京 100091
  • 收稿日期:2023-04-24 修回日期:2023-05-23 出版日期:2024-02-20 发布日期:2023-12-12
  • 通讯作者: 李春杰
  • 作者简介:E-mail: chunjie@lzu.edu.cn
    薛龙海(1990-),男,河南开封人,青年研究员,博士。E-mail: xuelonghai@lzu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划课题“禾草叶斑病等草原重要地上病害监测与防控技术研究”(2022YFD1401101);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(CAFYBB2021ZD001);兰州大学“双一流”科研启动费项目(561120201);甘肃省科技计划(23JRRA1058)

Progress in research on fungal diseases of the genus Elymus

Long-hai XUE1(), Jia-qi LIU1,2, Chun-jie LI1,2()   

  1. 1.State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems,Center for Grassland Microbiome,Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry,Ministry of Education,Gansu Tech Innovation Center of Western China Grassland Industry,College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology,Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730020,China
    2.Grassland Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China
  • Received:2023-04-24 Revised:2023-05-23 Online:2024-02-20 Published:2023-12-12
  • Contact: Chun-jie LI

摘要:

披碱草属是青藏高原高寒草地的优势禾草,在我国甘肃、青海、西藏、新疆、四川等高寒牧区广泛种植。真菌病害是限制披碱草生长的重要因素,可直接影响披碱草的产量和品质,进而制约草地农业生态系统的生产力。本研究对国内外近年来披碱草属真菌病害的病原学、发生规律及防治措施等方面进行归纳,展望了病害的研究前景和研究思路。截至目前,共计16种真菌病害已在披碱草属上报道,主要包括锈病、黑粉病、白粉病、麦角病、香柱病和叶斑病等病害;这些病害可对披碱草的叶片、叶鞘、茎秆、穗和种子等造成不同程度的危害。目前国内外针对披碱草属真菌病害的防治方法主要有抗病品种选育、种子处理、生态和化学治理。此外,筛选或培育携带内生真菌(Epichlo?)的新品种将是披碱草抗病研究的突破口之一。

关键词: 披碱草, 病害, 发生规律, 防治措施

Abstract:

Elymus species are widely used as forage grasses on the Tibetan Plateau and widely grown in alpine pasture areas such as Gansu, Qinghai, Xinjiang, Tibet and Sichuan Province, China. Disease is one of the important factors limiting the production and utilization of the genus Elymus. In sown grassland, disease will directly affect the yield and quality of forages. In natural grassland, Elymus plants are also an important vector contributing to the spread of many pathogens. This pathogen spread seriously affects the productivity of grassland agricultural ecosystems. Based on a review of published domestic and international literature, the etiology, conditions of occurrence and control measurements for Elymus diseases are reported. Domestic research progress is compared with international efforts, and future development ideas for Elymus disease research are also presented. Up to March, 2023, a total of 16 fungal diseases that can infect the leaves, leaf sheaths, stems, spikes, and seeds of Elymus had been recorded worldwide. The more important among these were rust, smut, powdery mildew, ergot, choke and leaf spot diseases. At present, the main control methods for fungal diseases of Elymus are to breed and use resistant varieties, treat seed before sowing, and increase the use of ecological management strategies and chemical controls in the field. In addition, screening or breeding new varieties of Elymus species which carry Epichlo? endophytes is expected to be one of the breakthroughs in the research into Elymus disease resistance.

Key words: Elymus spp, disease, rule of occurrence, control measures