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草业学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (4): 102-112.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2021078

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

践踏胁迫下狗牙根草坪土壤真菌群落结构的变化特征

卫宏健(), 丁杰, 张巨明, 杨文, 王咏琪, 刘天增()   

  1. 华南农业大学林学与风景园林学院,广东省草业工程技术研究中心,广东 广州 510642
  • 收稿日期:2021-03-01 修回日期:2021-04-12 出版日期:2022-04-20 发布日期:2022-01-25
  • 通讯作者: 刘天增
  • 作者简介:Corresponding author. E-mail: liutianzeng@scau.edu.cn
    卫宏健(1994-),男,广东广州人,在读硕士。E-mail: 1083723177@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    广东省基础与应用基础研究基金项目(2020A1515011261)

Changes in soil fungal community structure under bermudagrass turf in response to traffic stress

Hong-jian WEI(), Jie DING, Ju-ming ZHANG, Wen YANG, Yong-qi WANG, Tian-zeng LIU()   

  1. College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture,Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Grassland Science,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China
  • Received:2021-03-01 Revised:2021-04-12 Online:2022-04-20 Published:2022-01-25
  • Contact: Tian-zeng LIU

摘要:

为探究践踏胁迫下草坪土壤真菌群落结构变化特征,对两种狗牙根品种,普通狗牙根和Tifgreen狗牙根草坪进行践踏处理,对环境因子指标(地上生物量、地下生物量、综合质量、土壤pH和表面硬度)和土壤真菌群落结构进行了测定,并对土壤真菌群落结构多样性与环境因子进行相关性分析。结果表明:践踏处理下,草坪的地上生物量、地下生物量、综合质量和土壤pH显著低于非践踏处理,而土壤表面硬度则显著高于非践踏处理(P<0.05)。多样性结果发现两种草坪草践踏处理与非践踏处理的真菌群落多样性存在差异。在门分类水平上,践踏处理提高了两种狗牙根草坪的子囊菌门相对丰度和降低了担子菌门相对丰度。在属水平上,践踏处理下两种狗牙根草坪的粗糙孔菌属相对丰度均高于非践踏处理,弯孢霉属在践踏条件下相对丰度较高。非度量多维尺度法(NMDS)分析发现,践踏胁迫以及品种差异是影响土壤真菌群落结构的主要因素,其中践踏因素的影响较大。线性判别分析(LEfSe)结果表明,践踏处理下两个狗牙根品种丰度具有显著差异的真菌类型排名前5的均为子囊菌门、座囊菌纲、格孢腔菌目、格孢腔菌科、弯孢霉属,而对于非践踏处理的则是担子菌门、伞菌纲、糙孢孔目、刺孢菌科、粗糙孔菌属。冗余分析(RDA)结果表明狗牙根草坪土壤真菌群落结构多样性与环境因子间显著相关,其中主要影响因素是地上生物量、地下生物量以及土壤pH。践踏胁迫显著改变了草坪的环境因子,是影响草坪土壤真菌群落结构多样性的主要因素,草坪的环境因子与土壤真菌群落结构多样性显著相关(P<0.05),草坪土壤中子囊菌门的相对丰度在践踏胁迫下始终占主导地位,能够作为草坪耐践踏胁迫的真菌指示菌种之一,本研究可为我国南方地区草坪草的管理和养护提供理论依据。

关键词: 践踏, 狗牙根, 土壤真菌, 多样性

Abstract:

In China, lawn sports grounds are regularly overused. Changes in the community structure of soil fungi can affect the growth, maintenance, and restoration of lawns. The aim of this study, therefore, was to explore the changes in soil fungal community structure change under turf in response to traffic stress. Common bermudagrass turf and Tifgreen bermudagrass turf were subjected to a traffic treatment of moderate intensity applied with a traffic simulator, and various factors including aboveground biomass, underground biomass, turf quality, soil pH, and soil hardness were measured. The relationships between soil fungal community diversity and environmental factors were determined. The results show that soil hardness and biomass were significantly higher in the no-traffic treatments than in the traffic treatments (P<0.05). There were differences in fungal community diversity between the no-traffic and traffic treatments. At the phylum level, the relative abundance of Ascomycota was increased and of Basidiomycota was decreased in soils in the traffic treatments. At the genus level, the relative abundance of Trechispora was higher in the traffic treatments than in the no-traffic treatments. The genus with the highest relative abundance in the traffic treatments was Curvularia. Non-metric multidimensional scaling analyses showed that traffic stress and variety differences were the main factors affecting soil fungal community structure, with traffic stress being the most important factor. As determined using the linear discriminant analysis effect size algorithm, the top five fungal groups showing significant differences in abundance between the two bermudagrass cultivars were Ascomycota, Dothideomycetes, Pleosporales, Pleosporaceae and Curvularia in the traffic treatments; And Basidiomycota, Agaricomycetes, Trechisporales, Hydnodontaceaeand Trechispora in the no-traffic treatments. A redundancy analysis revealed a significant correlation between the diversity of the soil fungal community structure and environmental factors, with the main influencing factors being aboveground biomass, underground biomass, and soil pH. Traffic stress significantly affected the attributes of the turf, and the diversity of soil fungal community structure. Some attributes of the turf were significantly correlated with the diversity of the soil fungal community structure (P<0.05). Ascomycota play a dominant role in the soil fungal community, and could be used as an indicator of a traffic-stressed lawn. The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for the management and conservation of turfgrass in southern China.

Key words: traffic stress, bermudagrass, soil fungi, diversity