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草业学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (4): 53-61.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2021036

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

化肥减量配施微生物肥料对垂穗披碱草生长的影响

撖冬荣(), 姚拓(), 李海云, 陈敏豪, 高亚敏, 李昌宁, 白洁, 苏明   

  1. 甘肃农业大学草业学院,草业生态系统教育部重点实验室,甘肃 兰州 730070
  • 收稿日期:2021-01-26 修回日期:2021-03-31 出版日期:2022-04-20 发布日期:2022-01-25
  • 通讯作者: 姚拓
  • 作者简介:Corresponding author. E-mail: yaotuo@gsau.edu.cn
    撖冬荣(1994-),女,甘肃兰州人,硕士。E-mail: dongrong1107@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    甘肃省林业和草原局科技支撑(GFG2019-366-2);兰州市科技计划项目(2019-1-76)

Effect of reducing chemical fertilizer and substitution with microbial fertilizer on the growth of Elymus nutans

Dong-rong HAN(), Tuo YAO(), Hai-yun LI, Min-hao CHEN, Ya-min GAO, Chang-ning LI, Jie BAI, Ming SU   

  1. Pratacultural College,Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem,Ministry of Education,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China
  • Received:2021-01-26 Revised:2021-03-31 Online:2022-04-20 Published:2022-01-25
  • Contact: Tuo YAO

摘要:

为研究微生物肥料(MF)与化肥(CF)对垂穗披碱草的促生最佳施用配比,通过盆栽试验探究了化肥减量20%和40%分别配施5种剂量(60、90、120、150、180 kg·hm-2)微生物肥料对垂穗披碱草农艺性状、根系和营养品质的影响。结果表明:第1茬,80%CF (240 kg·hm-2)配施90 kg·hm-2MF,垂穗披碱草株高、茎粗、干草产量较对照(CK)分别提高34.86%、44.83%、3.08%;80%CF配施120 kg·hm-2MF,粗脂肪含量较CK提高22.97%,酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)含量较CK降低6.59%;80%CF配施150 kg·hm-2MF,粗蛋白含量较CK提高36.09%,80%CF配施90 kg·hm-2MF,中性洗涤纤维(NDF)含量降低15.64%。第2茬,80%CF配施60 kg·hm-2MF,垂穗披碱草总根长较CK增加34.77%;80%CF配施90 kg·hm-2MF,株高、茎粗、干草产量和总根表面积较CK分别提高80.43%、66.34%、13.08%和8.66%;80%CF配施120 kg·hm-2MF,粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量、总根体积、地下部鲜重和干重分别较CK提高25.30%、14.61%、45.54%、19.39%和51.04%;80%CF配施180 kg·hm-2MF,ADF和NDF含量分别较CK降低8.13%和8.88%。通过主成分分析,化肥减量20%(240 kg·hm-2)与微生物肥料(90 kg·hm-2)配施对垂穗披碱草促生效果最好。

关键词: 垂穗披碱草, 微生物肥料, 农艺性状, 根系, 营养品质

Abstract:

This research aimed to identify the ideal ratio of microbial fertilizer (MF) and chemical fertilizer (CF) to promote growth of Elymus nutans. Compared with a typical CF application of 300 kg·ha-1, this study explored fertilizer reductions of 20% or 40% (80%CF and 60%CF, respectively) and substitution with MF at rates of 60, 90, 120, 150 or 180 kg·ha-1. Effects on agronomic characters, the root system and nutritional quality of E. nutans were evaluated. It was found that at the first harvest, 80%CF (240 kg·ha-1) combined with 90 kg·ha-1 MF increased E. nutans plant height, stem thickness and hay yield by 34.86%, 44.83% and 3.08%, respectively compared with CK, while 80%CF combined with 120 kg·ha-1 MF increased the crude fat content of plants by 22.97% compared with CK and decreased acid detergent fiber content by 6.59%. 80%CF combined with 150 kg·ha-1 MF increased plant crude protein content by 36.09% and 80%CF (240 kg·ha-1) combined with 90 kg·ha-1 MF decreased neutral detergent fiber content by 15.64%. At the second harvest, 80%CF combined with 60 kg·ha-1 MF increased total plant root length by 34.77% compared with CK; 80%CF combined with 90 kg·ha-1 MF increased plant height, stem thickness, hay yield and the total root surface area by 80.43%, 66.34%, 13.08% and 8.66%, respectively; 80%CF combined with 120 kg·ha-1 MF increased plant crude protein and crude fat content, total root volume, underground fresh weight and underground dry weight by 25.30%, 14.61%, 45.54%, 19.39% and 51.04%, respectively; 80%CF combined with 180 kg·ha-1MF reduced acid detergent fiber and neutral detergent fiber content of plants by 8.13% and 8.88%, respectively, compared with CK. Through principal component analysis, the combined application of 20% fertilizer reduction (240 kg CF·ha-1) and 90 kg·ha-1 microbial fertilizer gave the best growth promotion effect on E. nutans.

Key words: Elymus nutans, microbial fertilizer, agronomic traits, root system, nutritional quality