草业学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (2): 121-132.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2020529
• 研究论文 • 上一篇
刘丽英1(), 贾玉山2, 范文强2, 尹强3, 成启明4, 王志军2()
收稿日期:
2020-12-01
修回日期:
2021-01-11
出版日期:
2022-02-20
发布日期:
2021-12-22
通讯作者:
王志军
作者简介:
Corresponding author. E-mail: 252405163@qq.com基金资助:
Li-ying LIU1(), Yu-shan JIA2, Wen-qiang FAN2, Qiang YIN3, Qi-ming CHENG4, Zhi-jun WANG2()
Received:
2020-12-01
Revised:
2021-01-11
Online:
2022-02-20
Published:
2021-12-22
Contact:
Zhi-jun WANG
摘要:
为深入解析影响优质苜蓿干草生产的关键环境因子,为我国北方地区生产优质苜蓿干草提供理论依据和技术支持。通过测定紫花苜蓿不同收获期(不同茬次、不同花期)的干燥速率、叶绿素含量、主要营养成分(粗蛋白,CP;中性洗涤纤维,NDF;酸性洗涤纤维,ADF;相对饲用价值,RFV)等指标筛选苜蓿自然干燥的最佳环境条件,并通过各项指标与环境因子的相关性,明确影响苜蓿自然晾晒的主要环境因子。结果表明:1)苜蓿自然晾晒中,影响苜蓿干燥速率的主要环境因素是:太阳辐射强度、气温、空气湿度和风速;影响苜蓿叶绿素含量的主要环境因素是:太阳辐射强度、气温和风速;影响苜蓿CP、NDF、ADF及RFV等营养指标的主要环境因素是:气温、空气湿度和风速,其中温度、风速对CP的影响极显著,空气湿度对NDF、ADF及RFV的影响极显著。综合衡量,影响苜蓿干燥的主要环境因素是气温、空气湿度、太阳辐射强度以及风速。2)通过对各收获期苜蓿干燥速率、叶绿素含量及主要营养物质含量的综合分析,在与试验地气候条件相似地区,苜蓿自然干燥的最佳环境条件是:温度日均值26.29~27.95 ℃,空气湿度日均值34.74%~36.71%,太阳辐射强度日均值268.36~422.33 W·m-2,风速日均值1.59~1.82 km·h-1。
刘丽英, 贾玉山, 范文强, 尹强, 成启明, 王志军. 影响苜蓿自然干燥的主要环境因子研究[J]. 草业学报, 2022, 31(2): 121-132.
Li-ying LIU, Yu-shan JIA, Wen-qiang FAN, Qiang YIN, Qi-ming CHENG, Zhi-jun WANG. An investigation of the main environmental factors affecting the natural drying of alfalfa for hay, and hay quality[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2022, 31(2): 121-132.
茬次 Crop | 花期 Blooming stage | 干燥时间Drying time (h) | 天气状况 Weather conditions | 太阳辐射强度 Daily solar radiation intensity (W·m-2) | 气温 Air temperature (℃) | 空气湿度 Air relative humidity (%) | 风速 Wind speed (km·h-1) | 地面温度 Soil temperature (℃) | 地面湿度 Soil water(%) | 大气水势 Atmospheric water potential(MPa) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
第1茬 The first crop | 现蕾期 Squaring stage | 168 | 48~168 h 多云Cloudy | 238.2 | 21.7 | 50.3 | 2.1 | 28.7 | 58.5 | -69.1 |
初花期 10% blooming stage | 120 | 24~48 h 阴天Cloudy | 245.2 | 21.7 | 47.5 | 2.1 | 31.1 | 56.4 | -75.3 | |
中花期 25% blooming stage | 96 | 晴朗干燥Sunny | 319.2 | 25.6 | 39.7 | 2.2 | 36.1 | 42.2 | -112.9 | |
第2茬 The second crop | 现蕾期 Squaring stage | 96 | 晴朗干燥Sunny | 346.5 | 25.9 | 36.9 | 1.6 | 32.5 | 48.4 | -119.7 |
初花期 10% blooming stage | 96 | 晴朗干燥Sunny | 347.6 | 27.2 | 35.1 | 1.6 | 33.1 | 48.3 | -131.8 | |
中花期 25% blooming stage | 96 | 晴朗干燥Sunny | 341.8 | 26.6 | 36.8 | 1.6 | 32.5 | 46.7 | -122.7 | |
第3茬 The third crop | 现蕾期 Squaring stage | 336 | 24~48 h 有大雨Heavy rain | 189.9 | 15.8 | 51.2 | 2.6 | 18.7 | 74.5 | -49.6 |
初花期 10% blooming stage | 144 | 48~72 h 有小雨Light rain | 187.6 | 15.7 | 50.2 | 2.5 | 14.1 | 88.2 | -50.4 | |
中花期 25% blooming stage | 144 | 多云潮湿 Cloudy and damp | 190.5 | 14.1 | 47.2 | 2.9 | 9.9 | 73.7 | -48.6 |
表1 苜蓿不同收获期内的天气状况及主要环境因子平均参数
Table 1 The weather conditions and average parameters of main environmental factors in different harvest periods of alfalfa
茬次 Crop | 花期 Blooming stage | 干燥时间Drying time (h) | 天气状况 Weather conditions | 太阳辐射强度 Daily solar radiation intensity (W·m-2) | 气温 Air temperature (℃) | 空气湿度 Air relative humidity (%) | 风速 Wind speed (km·h-1) | 地面温度 Soil temperature (℃) | 地面湿度 Soil water(%) | 大气水势 Atmospheric water potential(MPa) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
第1茬 The first crop | 现蕾期 Squaring stage | 168 | 48~168 h 多云Cloudy | 238.2 | 21.7 | 50.3 | 2.1 | 28.7 | 58.5 | -69.1 |
初花期 10% blooming stage | 120 | 24~48 h 阴天Cloudy | 245.2 | 21.7 | 47.5 | 2.1 | 31.1 | 56.4 | -75.3 | |
中花期 25% blooming stage | 96 | 晴朗干燥Sunny | 319.2 | 25.6 | 39.7 | 2.2 | 36.1 | 42.2 | -112.9 | |
第2茬 The second crop | 现蕾期 Squaring stage | 96 | 晴朗干燥Sunny | 346.5 | 25.9 | 36.9 | 1.6 | 32.5 | 48.4 | -119.7 |
初花期 10% blooming stage | 96 | 晴朗干燥Sunny | 347.6 | 27.2 | 35.1 | 1.6 | 33.1 | 48.3 | -131.8 | |
中花期 25% blooming stage | 96 | 晴朗干燥Sunny | 341.8 | 26.6 | 36.8 | 1.6 | 32.5 | 46.7 | -122.7 | |
第3茬 The third crop | 现蕾期 Squaring stage | 336 | 24~48 h 有大雨Heavy rain | 189.9 | 15.8 | 51.2 | 2.6 | 18.7 | 74.5 | -49.6 |
初花期 10% blooming stage | 144 | 48~72 h 有小雨Light rain | 187.6 | 15.7 | 50.2 | 2.5 | 14.1 | 88.2 | -50.4 | |
中花期 25% blooming stage | 144 | 多云潮湿 Cloudy and damp | 190.5 | 14.1 | 47.2 | 2.9 | 9.9 | 73.7 | -48.6 |
指标 Index | 第1茬The first crop | 第2茬The second crop | 第3茬The third crop | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
现蕾期 Squaring stage | 初花期 10% blooming stage | 中花期 25% blooming stage | 现蕾期 Squaring stage | 初花期 10% blooming stage | 中花期 25% blooming stage | 现蕾期 Squaring stage | 初花期 10% blooming stage | 中花期 25% blooming stage | |
叶 Leaves | 0.87±0.15bc | 0.98±0.12b | 1.23±0.14a | 1.06±0.14ab | 1.17±0.15a | 1.17±0.15a | 0.52±0.14ab | 0.56±0.14a | 0.63±0.13a |
茎 Stems | 0.67±0.12bc | 0.74±0.13b | 1.07±0.15a | 0.95±0.13a | 0.91±0.13a | 0.90±0.14ab | 0.27±0.14b | 0.35±0.15a | 0.42±0.14a |
表2 不同收获期叶、茎平均干燥速率
Table 2 The average drying rate of leaves and stems in different harvest periods (%·h-1)
指标 Index | 第1茬The first crop | 第2茬The second crop | 第3茬The third crop | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
现蕾期 Squaring stage | 初花期 10% blooming stage | 中花期 25% blooming stage | 现蕾期 Squaring stage | 初花期 10% blooming stage | 中花期 25% blooming stage | 现蕾期 Squaring stage | 初花期 10% blooming stage | 中花期 25% blooming stage | |
叶 Leaves | 0.87±0.15bc | 0.98±0.12b | 1.23±0.14a | 1.06±0.14ab | 1.17±0.15a | 1.17±0.15a | 0.52±0.14ab | 0.56±0.14a | 0.63±0.13a |
茎 Stems | 0.67±0.12bc | 0.74±0.13b | 1.07±0.15a | 0.95±0.13a | 0.91±0.13a | 0.90±0.14ab | 0.27±0.14b | 0.35±0.15a | 0.42±0.14a |
指标 Indicators | 气温 Air temperature (Ta) | 空气湿度 Air relative humidity (RH) | 太阳辐射强度 Daily solar radiation intensity (RN) | 风速 Wind speed (WS) | 地面温度 Soil temperature (Soil_T) | 地面湿度 Soil water (Soil_W) | 大气水势 Atmospheric water potential(ψ大气) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
茎干燥速率Stems Vn (%·h-1) | 0.461** | -0.341** | 0.690** | 0.293* | 0.317* | -0.329* | -0.387** |
叶干燥速率Leaves Vn (%·h-1) | 0.358** | -0.294* | 0.632** | 0.278* | 0.263 | -0.233 | -0.299* |
表3 环境因子与干燥速率的相关性
Table 3 The correlation between environmental factors and drying rate
指标 Indicators | 气温 Air temperature (Ta) | 空气湿度 Air relative humidity (RH) | 太阳辐射强度 Daily solar radiation intensity (RN) | 风速 Wind speed (WS) | 地面温度 Soil temperature (Soil_T) | 地面湿度 Soil water (Soil_W) | 大气水势 Atmospheric water potential(ψ大气) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
茎干燥速率Stems Vn (%·h-1) | 0.461** | -0.341** | 0.690** | 0.293* | 0.317* | -0.329* | -0.387** |
叶干燥速率Leaves Vn (%·h-1) | 0.358** | -0.294* | 0.632** | 0.278* | 0.263 | -0.233 | -0.299* |
取样时间 Sampling time | 第1茬The first crop | 第2茬The second crop | 第3茬The third crop | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
现蕾期 Squaring stage | 初花期 10% blooming stage | 中花期 25% blooming stage | 现蕾期 Squaring stage | 初花期 10% blooming stage | 中花期 25% blooming stage | 现蕾期 Squaring stage | 初花期 10% blooming stage | 中花期 25% blooming stage | |
0 h | 4.43 | 4.86 | 5.26 | 4.11 | 4.25 | 4.80 | 5.19 | 5.05 | 4.93 |
4 h | 3.95 | 4.38 | 4.86 | 3.68 | 3.98 | 4.41 | 4.39 | 4.51 | 4.70 |
12 h | 3.37 | 3.87 | 4.06 | 3.24 | 3.21 | 3.67 | 3.72 | 3.66 | 3.54 |
24 h | 3.06 | 3.25 | 3.35 | 2.53 | 2.81 | 3.02 | 3.18 | 3.15 | 3.12 |
48 h | 2.81 | 2.74 | 2.92 | 2.24 | 2.62 | 2.85 | 2.42 | 2.68 | 2.75 |
72 h | 2.32 | 2.22 | 2.46 | 1.99 | 2.24 | 2.45 | 1.95 | 2.06 | 2.17 |
T h | 1.65 | 1.97 | 2.39 | 1.90 | 2.06 | 2.16 | 1.10 | 1.26 | 1.65 |
叶绿素损失率 Chlorophyll loss rate | 62.78± 1.35a | 59.37± 1.12b | 54.63± 1.03c | 53.89± 1.15a | 52.54± 1.11ab | 54.91± 1.26a | 77.63± 1.43a | 75.10± 1.23ab | 68.12± 1.13b |
表4 不同收获期总叶绿素含量及损失率
Table 4 Total chlorophyll content (mg·g-1) and loss rate (%) in different harvest periods
取样时间 Sampling time | 第1茬The first crop | 第2茬The second crop | 第3茬The third crop | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
现蕾期 Squaring stage | 初花期 10% blooming stage | 中花期 25% blooming stage | 现蕾期 Squaring stage | 初花期 10% blooming stage | 中花期 25% blooming stage | 现蕾期 Squaring stage | 初花期 10% blooming stage | 中花期 25% blooming stage | |
0 h | 4.43 | 4.86 | 5.26 | 4.11 | 4.25 | 4.80 | 5.19 | 5.05 | 4.93 |
4 h | 3.95 | 4.38 | 4.86 | 3.68 | 3.98 | 4.41 | 4.39 | 4.51 | 4.70 |
12 h | 3.37 | 3.87 | 4.06 | 3.24 | 3.21 | 3.67 | 3.72 | 3.66 | 3.54 |
24 h | 3.06 | 3.25 | 3.35 | 2.53 | 2.81 | 3.02 | 3.18 | 3.15 | 3.12 |
48 h | 2.81 | 2.74 | 2.92 | 2.24 | 2.62 | 2.85 | 2.42 | 2.68 | 2.75 |
72 h | 2.32 | 2.22 | 2.46 | 1.99 | 2.24 | 2.45 | 1.95 | 2.06 | 2.17 |
T h | 1.65 | 1.97 | 2.39 | 1.90 | 2.06 | 2.16 | 1.10 | 1.26 | 1.65 |
叶绿素损失率 Chlorophyll loss rate | 62.78± 1.35a | 59.37± 1.12b | 54.63± 1.03c | 53.89± 1.15a | 52.54± 1.11ab | 54.91± 1.26a | 77.63± 1.43a | 75.10± 1.23ab | 68.12± 1.13b |
指标 Indicators | 气温 Air temperature (Ta) | 空气湿度 Air relative h''umidity (RH) | 太阳辐射强度 Daily solar radiation intensity (RN) | 风速 Wind speed (WS) | 地面温度 Soil temperature (Soil_T) | 地面湿度 Soil water (Soil_W) | 大气水势 Atmospheric water potential (ψ大气) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
总叶绿素含量 Chlorophyll (CT) | 0.322** | -0.630 | -0.321** | -0.301* | 0.263 | -0.240 | -0.490 |
表5 环境因子与总叶绿素含量的相关性
Table 5 The correlation between environmental factors and total chlorophyll content
指标 Indicators | 气温 Air temperature (Ta) | 空气湿度 Air relative h''umidity (RH) | 太阳辐射强度 Daily solar radiation intensity (RN) | 风速 Wind speed (WS) | 地面温度 Soil temperature (Soil_T) | 地面湿度 Soil water (Soil_W) | 大气水势 Atmospheric water potential (ψ大气) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
总叶绿素含量 Chlorophyll (CT) | 0.322** | -0.630 | -0.321** | -0.301* | 0.263 | -0.240 | -0.490 |
指标 Indicators | 取样时间 Sampling time | 第1茬The first crop | 第2茬The second crop | 第3茬The third crop | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
现蕾期 Squaring stage | 初花期 10% blooming stage | 中花期 25% blooming stage | 现蕾期 Squaring stage | 初花期 10% blooming stage | 中花期 25% blooming stage | 现蕾期 Squaring stage | 初花期 10% blooming stage | 中花期 25% blooming stage | ||
粗蛋白 Crude protein (CP) | 0 h | 23.34 | 20.61 | 19.13 | 22.21 | 20.39 | 19.65 | 23.26 | 21.13 | 19.43 |
4 h | 21.01 | 19.65 | 18.64 | 21.99 | 20.17 | 18.57 | 22.94 | 20.82 | 18.02 | |
12 h | 20.03 | 18.42 | 17.93 | 21.10 | 19.28 | 17.82 | 21.96 | 19.73 | 17.45 | |
24 h | 19.15 | 17.19 | 17.66 | 21.66 | 19.84 | 16.93 | 20.05 | 18.82 | 16.02 | |
48 h | 18.47 | 16.84 | 16.84 | 19.74 | 17.92 | 16.08 | 19.34 | 17.01 | 15.63 | |
72 h | 17.58 | 16.02 | 16.23 | 18.05 | 16.23 | 15.84 | 17.45 | 15.25 | 14.25 | |
T h | 15.26 | 14.29 | 14.18 | 17.72 | 15.94 | 15.09 | 11.07 | 12.35 | 12.37 | |
中性洗涤纤维 Neutral detergent fibre (NDF) | 0 h | 36.80 | 38.92 | 40.20 | 38.74 | 41.74 | 44.87 | 36.91 | 38.93 | 44.25 |
4 h | 40.22 | 41.87 | 45.60 | 41.45 | 44.45 | 45.25 | 38.47 | 42.31 | 45.75 | |
12 h | 42.15 | 43.65 | 45.90 | 43.63 | 46.63 | 46.87 | 39.22 | 42.74 | 47.65 | |
24 h | 44.81 | 45.33 | 46.10 | 45.61 | 48.61 | 47.56 | 40.53 | 45.63 | 48.15 | |
48 h | 45.33 | 46.19 | 46.60 | 46.66 | 49.66 | 49.06 | 42.33 | 48.57 | 49.55 | |
72 h | 46.89 | 47.73 | 46.90 | 47.04 | 51.34 | 54.34 | 45.12 | 50.92 | 50.65 | |
T h | 49.59 | 50.49 | 51.00 | 47.45 | 52.08 | 56.90 | 55.32 | 54.47 | 57.76 | |
酸性洗涤纤维 Acid detergent fiber (ADF) | 0 h | 33.18 | 34.62 | 37.30 | 33.47 | 35.62 | 37.88 | 33.13 | 34.75 | 37.31 |
4 h | 34.92 | 38.41 | 39.60 | 35.03 | 37.18 | 38.17 | 34.93 | 38.62 | 39.01 | |
12 h | 36.47 | 39.82 | 40.50 | 36.28 | 38.43 | 40.59 | 35.73 | 39.23 | 41.31 | |
24 h | 39.76 | 40.12 | 40.90 | 37.25 | 39.15 | 42.77 | 37.42 | 40.81 | 42.21 | |
48 h | 40.15 | 41.75 | 41.70 | 38.12 | 40.37 | 43.85 | 39.55 | 42.91 | 43.51 | |
72 h | 40.98 | 42.63 | 42.30 | 38.93 | 41.68 | 44.12 | 41.87 | 45.13 | 44.41 | |
T h | 44.45 | 44.95 | 46.32 | 39.81 | 42.45 | 45.91 | 49.49 | 48.15 | 48.66 | |
相对饲用价值 Relative feeding value (RFV) | 0 h | 159.24 | 147.02 | 125.56 | 150.86 | 136.29 | 123.13 | 159.01 | 147.74 | 125.79 |
4 h | 142.70 | 131.03 | 118.42 | 138.27 | 125.43 | 121.63 | 149.17 | 129.31 | 121.63 | |
12 h | 133.50 | 123.35 | 116.23 | 129.29 | 117.63 | 113.68 | 144.84 | 126.98 | 110.73 | |
24 h | 120.25 | 118.30 | 115.10 | 125.53 | 111.76 | 108.71 | 137.14 | 116.42 | 107.50 | |
48 h | 118.25 | 113.54 | 112.62 | 123.22 | 103.24 | 101.79 | 127.66 | 106.24 | 103.27 | |
72 h | 113.03 | 104.17 | 110.97 | 122.46 | 101.57 | 93.94 | 116.04 | 98.60 | 99.74 | |
T h | 100.56 | 98.13 | 88.45 | 113.52 | 98.99 | 88.33 | 83.63 | 88.12 | 87.53 | |
营养物质损失或上升率 Nutrient loss or rise rate | CP | 34.60± 0.53a | 30.66± 0.65b | 25.85± 1.72c | 20.19± 1.04b | 21.78± 1.23ab | 23.20± 1.09a | 52.41± 1.35a | 41.53± 1.35b | 36.29± 1.26c |
NDF | 34.78± 0.63a | 29.74± 1.15b | 26.88± 2.27bc | 22.49± 0.83bc | 24.77± 0.70b | 26.83± 0.80a | 50.88± 1.21a | 39.28± 0.97b | 30.53± 1.08c | |
ADF | 33.99± 1.32a | 29.80± 1.37b | 24.19± 1.62c | 18.96± 0.93b | 19.18± 0.70b | 21.22± 1.08a | 49.41± 0.75a | 38.58± 0.94b | 30.44± 0.86c | |
RFV | 36.85± 1.39a | 33.25± 0.65ab | 29.55± 1.65c | 24.75± 0.58b | 27.38± 0.90a | 28.26± 1.13a | 47.04± 1.02a | 40.36± 1.11b | 30.41± 0.97c |
表6 不同收获期主要营养成分含量及损失率
Table 6 Main nutrient content (DM%) and loss rate (%) in different harvest periods
指标 Indicators | 取样时间 Sampling time | 第1茬The first crop | 第2茬The second crop | 第3茬The third crop | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
现蕾期 Squaring stage | 初花期 10% blooming stage | 中花期 25% blooming stage | 现蕾期 Squaring stage | 初花期 10% blooming stage | 中花期 25% blooming stage | 现蕾期 Squaring stage | 初花期 10% blooming stage | 中花期 25% blooming stage | ||
粗蛋白 Crude protein (CP) | 0 h | 23.34 | 20.61 | 19.13 | 22.21 | 20.39 | 19.65 | 23.26 | 21.13 | 19.43 |
4 h | 21.01 | 19.65 | 18.64 | 21.99 | 20.17 | 18.57 | 22.94 | 20.82 | 18.02 | |
12 h | 20.03 | 18.42 | 17.93 | 21.10 | 19.28 | 17.82 | 21.96 | 19.73 | 17.45 | |
24 h | 19.15 | 17.19 | 17.66 | 21.66 | 19.84 | 16.93 | 20.05 | 18.82 | 16.02 | |
48 h | 18.47 | 16.84 | 16.84 | 19.74 | 17.92 | 16.08 | 19.34 | 17.01 | 15.63 | |
72 h | 17.58 | 16.02 | 16.23 | 18.05 | 16.23 | 15.84 | 17.45 | 15.25 | 14.25 | |
T h | 15.26 | 14.29 | 14.18 | 17.72 | 15.94 | 15.09 | 11.07 | 12.35 | 12.37 | |
中性洗涤纤维 Neutral detergent fibre (NDF) | 0 h | 36.80 | 38.92 | 40.20 | 38.74 | 41.74 | 44.87 | 36.91 | 38.93 | 44.25 |
4 h | 40.22 | 41.87 | 45.60 | 41.45 | 44.45 | 45.25 | 38.47 | 42.31 | 45.75 | |
12 h | 42.15 | 43.65 | 45.90 | 43.63 | 46.63 | 46.87 | 39.22 | 42.74 | 47.65 | |
24 h | 44.81 | 45.33 | 46.10 | 45.61 | 48.61 | 47.56 | 40.53 | 45.63 | 48.15 | |
48 h | 45.33 | 46.19 | 46.60 | 46.66 | 49.66 | 49.06 | 42.33 | 48.57 | 49.55 | |
72 h | 46.89 | 47.73 | 46.90 | 47.04 | 51.34 | 54.34 | 45.12 | 50.92 | 50.65 | |
T h | 49.59 | 50.49 | 51.00 | 47.45 | 52.08 | 56.90 | 55.32 | 54.47 | 57.76 | |
酸性洗涤纤维 Acid detergent fiber (ADF) | 0 h | 33.18 | 34.62 | 37.30 | 33.47 | 35.62 | 37.88 | 33.13 | 34.75 | 37.31 |
4 h | 34.92 | 38.41 | 39.60 | 35.03 | 37.18 | 38.17 | 34.93 | 38.62 | 39.01 | |
12 h | 36.47 | 39.82 | 40.50 | 36.28 | 38.43 | 40.59 | 35.73 | 39.23 | 41.31 | |
24 h | 39.76 | 40.12 | 40.90 | 37.25 | 39.15 | 42.77 | 37.42 | 40.81 | 42.21 | |
48 h | 40.15 | 41.75 | 41.70 | 38.12 | 40.37 | 43.85 | 39.55 | 42.91 | 43.51 | |
72 h | 40.98 | 42.63 | 42.30 | 38.93 | 41.68 | 44.12 | 41.87 | 45.13 | 44.41 | |
T h | 44.45 | 44.95 | 46.32 | 39.81 | 42.45 | 45.91 | 49.49 | 48.15 | 48.66 | |
相对饲用价值 Relative feeding value (RFV) | 0 h | 159.24 | 147.02 | 125.56 | 150.86 | 136.29 | 123.13 | 159.01 | 147.74 | 125.79 |
4 h | 142.70 | 131.03 | 118.42 | 138.27 | 125.43 | 121.63 | 149.17 | 129.31 | 121.63 | |
12 h | 133.50 | 123.35 | 116.23 | 129.29 | 117.63 | 113.68 | 144.84 | 126.98 | 110.73 | |
24 h | 120.25 | 118.30 | 115.10 | 125.53 | 111.76 | 108.71 | 137.14 | 116.42 | 107.50 | |
48 h | 118.25 | 113.54 | 112.62 | 123.22 | 103.24 | 101.79 | 127.66 | 106.24 | 103.27 | |
72 h | 113.03 | 104.17 | 110.97 | 122.46 | 101.57 | 93.94 | 116.04 | 98.60 | 99.74 | |
T h | 100.56 | 98.13 | 88.45 | 113.52 | 98.99 | 88.33 | 83.63 | 88.12 | 87.53 | |
营养物质损失或上升率 Nutrient loss or rise rate | CP | 34.60± 0.53a | 30.66± 0.65b | 25.85± 1.72c | 20.19± 1.04b | 21.78± 1.23ab | 23.20± 1.09a | 52.41± 1.35a | 41.53± 1.35b | 36.29± 1.26c |
NDF | 34.78± 0.63a | 29.74± 1.15b | 26.88± 2.27bc | 22.49± 0.83bc | 24.77± 0.70b | 26.83± 0.80a | 50.88± 1.21a | 39.28± 0.97b | 30.53± 1.08c | |
ADF | 33.99± 1.32a | 29.80± 1.37b | 24.19± 1.62c | 18.96± 0.93b | 19.18± 0.70b | 21.22± 1.08a | 49.41± 0.75a | 38.58± 0.94b | 30.44± 0.86c | |
RFV | 36.85± 1.39a | 33.25± 0.65ab | 29.55± 1.65c | 24.75± 0.58b | 27.38± 0.90a | 28.26± 1.13a | 47.04± 1.02a | 40.36± 1.11b | 30.41± 0.97c |
指标 Indicators | 气温 Air temperature (Ta) | 空气湿度 Air relative humidity (RH) | 太阳辐射强度 Daily solar radiation intensity (RN) | 风速 Wind speed (WS) | 地面温度 Soil temperature (Soil_T) | 地面湿度 soil water (Soil_W) | 大气水势 Atmospheric water potential (ψ大气) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
粗蛋白Crude protein (CP) | 0.318** | -0.298* | 0.266 | -0.329** | 0.233 | -0.121 | -0.279* |
中性洗涤纤维Neutral detergent fibre (NDF) | -0.304* | 0.347** | -0.211 | -0.234 | -0.247 | 0.251 | 0.295* |
酸性洗涤纤维Acid detergent fiber (ADF) | -0.263 | 0.344** | -0.124 | -0.254 | -0.236 | 0.272* | 0.282* |
相对饲用价值Relative feeding value (RFV) | 0.307* | -0.364** | 0.196 | -0.270* | 0.259 | -0.265 | -0.302* |
表7 环境因子与主要营养物质含量的相关性
Table 7 The correlation between environmental factors and main nutrients content
指标 Indicators | 气温 Air temperature (Ta) | 空气湿度 Air relative humidity (RH) | 太阳辐射强度 Daily solar radiation intensity (RN) | 风速 Wind speed (WS) | 地面温度 Soil temperature (Soil_T) | 地面湿度 soil water (Soil_W) | 大气水势 Atmospheric water potential (ψ大气) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
粗蛋白Crude protein (CP) | 0.318** | -0.298* | 0.266 | -0.329** | 0.233 | -0.121 | -0.279* |
中性洗涤纤维Neutral detergent fibre (NDF) | -0.304* | 0.347** | -0.211 | -0.234 | -0.247 | 0.251 | 0.295* |
酸性洗涤纤维Acid detergent fiber (ADF) | -0.263 | 0.344** | -0.124 | -0.254 | -0.236 | 0.272* | 0.282* |
相对饲用价值Relative feeding value (RFV) | 0.307* | -0.364** | 0.196 | -0.270* | 0.259 | -0.265 | -0.302* |
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