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草业学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (3): 136-143.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2020581

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

微生物肥料与化肥减量配施对多年生黑麦草生长的影响

撖冬荣1,2(), 姚拓1,2(), 李海云1,2, 黄书超3, 杨琰珊1,2, 高亚敏1,2, 李昌宁1,2, 张银翠1,2   

  1. 1.甘肃农业大学草业学院,甘肃 兰州 730070
    2.甘肃农业大学草业生态系统教育部重点实验室,甘肃 兰州 730070
    3.甘肃农业大学园艺学院,甘肃 兰州 730070
  • 收稿日期:2020-12-24 修回日期:2021-01-27 出版日期:2022-03-20 发布日期:2022-01-15
  • 通讯作者: 姚拓
  • 作者简介:Corresponding author. E-mail: yaotuo@gsau.edu.cn
    撖冬荣(1994-),女,甘肃兰州人,硕士。E-mail: dongrong1107@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    甘肃省林业和草原局科技支撑(GFG2019-366-2);兰州市科技计划项目(2019-1-76)

Effects of combined application of microbial fertilizer and chemical fertilizer on the growth of Lolium perenne

Dong-rong HAN1,2(), Tuo YAO1,2(), Hai-yun LI1,2, Shu-chao HUANG3, Yan-shan YANG1,2, Ya-min GAO1,2, Chang-ning LI1,2, Yin-cui ZHANG1,2   

  1. 1.Pratacultural College of Grassland Science,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China
    2.Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem,Gansu Agricultural University,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou 730070,China
    3.College of Horticulture,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China
  • Received:2020-12-24 Revised:2021-01-27 Online:2022-03-20 Published:2022-01-15
  • Contact: Tuo YAO

摘要:

为研究微生物肥料(MF)与化肥(CF)在多年生黑麦草上的最佳施用配比,通过盆栽试验探究了化肥减量20%和40%后分别与60、90、120、150、180 kg·hm-2微生物肥料配施对多年生黑麦草农艺性状、根系形态、营养品质和抗氧化酶活性的影响。结果显示:80%CF配施90 kg·hm-2 MF,多年生黑麦草株高、分枝数和交叉数较对照分别提高12.35%、60.40%和85.10%,差异显著(P<0.05)。80%CF配施120 kg·hm-2 MF,茎粗、地上生物量、地下生物量、总根长、总根表面积、总根体积、根尖数、粗蛋白含量和粗脂肪含量分别较对照提高29.41%、16.84%、45.54%、21.15%、14.59%、166.67%、47.35%、5.71%和37.98%,差异显著(P<0.05);80%CF配施120 kg·hm-2 MF,抗坏血酸过氧化物酶、超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶活性分别较对照下降33.12%、10.66%和19.51%,丙二醛含量较对照降低14.54%(P<0.05)。研究结果表明,化肥减量20%配施90~120 kg·hm-2微生物肥料后对促进多年生黑麦草生长效果最佳。

关键词: 多年生黑麦草, 微生物肥料, 农艺性状, 抗氧化酶活性, 营养品质

Abstract:

This experiment investigated the effect on perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) herbage yield in a pot experiment, of substituting 20% or 40% of a standard chemical fertilizer (CF) dressing with microbial fertilizer (MF). The CF applied to the control treatment was 300 kg·ha-1 of a proprietary fertilizer formulation with percentage nutrient analysis N∶P2O5∶K2O=14∶16∶15. MF was prepared by addition of bacterial cultures to a substrate of charcoal and crushed corn stalk and incubation for 7-10 days. The experimental treatments comprised a 20% or 40% reduction in CF (i.e. 240 or 180 kg·ha-1, respectively) and replacement with MF at 60, 90, 120, 150 or 180 kg·ha-1 making a total of ten CF-MF fertilizer combinations. Effects on agronomic traits including root morphology, nutritional quality and antioxidant enzyme activities of perennial ryegrass were measured. It was found that for the combination 80% CF with 90 kg·ha-1 MF, plant height, branch number and numbers of perennial ryegrass root tips, forks and link segments were increased(P<0.05) by 12.35%, 60.40% and 85.10%, respectively, compared with the control plants. For the treatment combination of 80% CF with 120 kg·ha-1 MF, ryegrass stem thickness, aboveground dry weight, underground dry weight, total root length, total root surface area, total root volume, root tip number, crude protein content and crude fat content were increased (P<0.05) by 29.41%, 16.84%, 45.54%, 21.15%, 14.59%, 166.67%, 47.35%, 5.71% and 37.98%, respectively, compared to the control plants. For the same treatment combination, shoot ascorbate peroxidase, super oxide dismutase, and peroxidase activities were decreased by 33.12%, 10.66% and 19.51% compared to control plants, while malondialdehyde concentration was 14.54% lower than in the control plants (P<0.05). MF applied at rates of 150 or 180 kg·ha-1 appeared to cause plant stress. The results indicate the optimal fertilizer combination to be a 20% reduction in chemical fertilizer and 90-120 kg·ha-1 microbial fertilizer.

Key words: perennial ryegrass, microbial fertilizer, agronomic traits, antioxidant enzyme activity, nutritional quality