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草业学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (2): 140-147.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2022046

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

黄土高原丘陵沟壑区放牧补饲和舍饲肉羊的屠宰与肉质性能比较研究

彭超1(), 李自健1(), 王虎成1(), 冯强2, 沈禹颖1   

  1. 1.兰州大学草地农业教育部工程研究中心,农业农村部草牧业创新重点实验室,草地农业科技学院,甘肃 兰州 730020
    2.定西市安定区畜牧兽医局,甘肃 定西 743099
  • 收稿日期:2022-01-24 修回日期:2022-03-03 出版日期:2023-02-20 发布日期:2022-12-01
  • 通讯作者: 王虎成
  • 作者简介:E-mail: wanghuch@lzu.edu.cn
    彭超(1996-),男,河南商城人,在读硕士。E-mail: pengch19@lzu.edu.cn
    李自健(1999-),男,甘肃嘉峪关人,在读硕士。E-mail:lizj21@lzu. edu. cn第一联系人:(彭超、,李自健并列第一作者)
  • 基金资助:
    国家牧草产业技术体系项目(CARS-34);定西市安定区草地农业试验示范区建设(GCLM2017)

A comparative study of slaughter and meat quality for sheep fed indoors or grazed with supplementary feed in the hill and gully region of the Loess Plateau

Chao PENG1(), Zi-jian LI1(), Hu-cheng WANG1(), Qiang FENG2, Yu-ying SHEN1   

  1. 1.State Key Laboratory of Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry,Ministry of Education,Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730020,China
    2.Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Bureau of Anding District,Dingxi 743099,China
  • Received:2022-01-24 Revised:2022-03-03 Online:2023-02-20 Published:2022-12-01
  • Contact: Hu-cheng WANG

摘要:

栽培草地生产系统肉羊舍饲生产利弊共存。本研究通过对比舍饲与放牧补饲条件下的肉羊屠宰及肉质性能,旨在探究肉羊优质高效生产的模式。选取80只体况相当的6月龄育肥小尾寒羊,随机分为两组(全舍饲组和放牧补饲组),每组40只。其中舍饲组(HF)于圈舍内以全混合颗粒饲料饲喂,剩料10%的方式进行饲养。放牧补饲组(GS)白天于红豆草草地进行放牧,夜晚归牧后于圈舍进行补饲,补饲饲料与舍饲组相同。在90 d育肥试验结束后,从每个试验组选取6只接近该组平均体重的试验羊用于屠宰试验。研究发现不同饲养方式下,小尾寒羊的宰前活重、胴体重和滴水损失率均无显著差异(P>0.05)。GS组背最长肌肌纤维直径和肌纤维面积均极显著高于HF组(P<0.01);GS组与HF组相比总不饱和脂肪酸(TUFA)、总饱和脂肪酸(SFA)含量并无显著差异(P>0.05)。GS组γ-亚麻酸(C18:3n-6)含量高于HF组(P<0.05)。HF组小尾寒羊背最长肌中缬氨酸含量低于GS组(P<0.05),其余氨基酸含量则无显著差异(P>0.05)。由此可见,相较于全舍饲,放牧补饲可提升小尾寒羊肉营养品质,农区放牧补饲绵羊生产兼具生态与经济效益,应进行推广。

关键词: 放牧补饲, 小尾寒羊, 屠宰性能, 肉质

Abstract:

Cultivated grassland production systems have both advantages and disadvantages. This study compared the slaughter and meat quality performance of mutton sheep either fed indoors or grazed with supplementary feeding with the aim of identifying a system for the efficient production of high-quality sheep meat. Eighty small-tailed Han lambs aged from 6 months and in similar body condition were selected and randomly divided into two groups of 40 (an indoor feeding group and a group for grazing with supplementary feeding). The House-fed (HF) group was provided ad libitum access to a total mixed ration feed. Feed supply for the HF sheep was such that 10% of the feed was left over. The grazing group with supplementary feeding (GS) were grazed in a sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia) stand during the day, and then penned at night with supplementary feed provided in the pen. The supplementary feed was the same as that provided to the HF sheep. After 90-days differential feeding, 6 sheep closest to the average weight of the group from both HF and GS groups were slaughtered. The study found that the small-tailed Han sheep pre-slaughter live weight, carcass weight and drip loss rate did not differ significantly between the HF and GS feeding regimes (P>0.05). The muscle fiber diameter and muscle fiber area of ??the longissimus dorsi muscle of the GS group were significantly greater than those of the HF group (P<0.01). Compared with the HF group, the total unsaturated fatty acid (TUFA) and total saturated fatty acid (SFA) contents of meat of the GS group did not differ significantly (P>0.05). The content of linolenic acid (C18:3n-6) in the GS group was higher than that in the HF group (P<0.05). The content of valine in the longissimus dorsi sheep from the HF group was lower than that in the GS group (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference in the content of other amino acids (P>0.05). In summary, compared to HF feeding, the GS treatment had no effect on the slaughter performance and meat quality of the trialled small-tailed Han sheep, and some indicators were improved. Grazing of sheep with supplementary feeding sheep production in agricultural areas has both ecological and economic benefits and should be promoted.

Key words: grazing supplementary feeding, small-tailed Han sheep, slaughter performance, meat quality