草业学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (7): 206-215.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2022340
• 研究论文 • 上一篇
梁佳1,2(), 胡朝阳3, 谢志明1,2, 马刘峰1,2, 陈芸1,2, 方志刚1,2()
收稿日期:
2022-08-26
修回日期:
2022-10-20
出版日期:
2023-07-20
发布日期:
2023-05-26
通讯作者:
方志刚
作者简介:
E-mail: fangyi20@126.com基金资助:
Jia LIANG1,2(), Zhao-yang HU3, Zhi-ming XIE1,2, Liu-feng MA1,2, Yun CHEN1,2, Zhi-gang FANG1,2()
Received:
2022-08-26
Revised:
2022-10-20
Online:
2023-07-20
Published:
2023-05-26
Contact:
Zhi-gang FANG
摘要:
为探究外源褪黑素缓解甜高粱幼苗干旱胁迫可能的生理机制,以甜高粱品种‘大力士’为材料,采用盆栽试验方法,分析自然干旱条件下,叶面喷施褪黑素(100 μmol·L-1)对甜高粱幼苗生长及生理特性的影响。结果表明,干旱胁迫导致植株地上部水分失衡,叶绿体结构受损,细胞产生氧化胁迫,显著抑制甜高粱幼苗的生长。喷施褪黑素可显著降低甜高粱叶片丙二醛(MDA)含量,积累更多的可溶性蛋白和脯氨酸,提高叶片含水量,使叶绿体基粒片层排列有序,光合色素含量升高;喷施褪黑素还能显著提高叶片过氧化物酶(POD)和硝酸还原酶活性。综合上述,喷施100 μmol·L-1褪黑素能进一步激发干旱环境中甜高粱叶片抗氧化系统的保护作用,通过渗透调节,维持植株水分平衡,改善叶绿体结构,提高光合色素含量,协同增强氮代谢,促进植株生长,从而缓解干旱对甜高粱幼苗的伤害。
梁佳, 胡朝阳, 谢志明, 马刘峰, 陈芸, 方志刚. 外源褪黑素缓解甜高粱幼苗干旱胁迫的生理效应[J]. 草业学报, 2023, 32(7): 206-215.
Jia LIANG, Zhao-yang HU, Zhi-ming XIE, Liu-feng MA, Yun CHEN, Zhi-gang FANG. Exogenous melatonin alleviates the physiological effects of drought stress in sweet sorghum seedlings[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2023, 32(7): 206-215.
处理 Treatment | 株高 Plant height (cm) | 茎粗 Stem diameter (mm) | 叶面积 Leaf area (cm2) | 地上部干重 Shoot dry weight (g·plant-1) | 根系干重 Root dry weight (g·plant-1) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
CK | 97.83±3.95a | 4.46±0.29a | 23.12±0.97a | 0.49±0.07ab | 0.10±0.02ab |
D | 73.83±6.52b | 3.59±0.35c | 15.05±1.36b | 0.42±0.05b | 0.06±0.02b |
CK+MT | 98.01±2.31a | 4.45±0.15ab | 24.60±1.57a | 0.49±0.04a | 0.11±0.01a |
D+MT | 85.65±10.60ab | 3.91±0.24bc | 22.40±1.98a | 0.48±0.13ab | 0.08±0.03ab |
表1 外源褪黑素对干旱胁迫下甜高粱幼苗生长的影响
Table 1 Effects of exogenous melatonin on growth of sweet sorghum seedlings under drought stress
处理 Treatment | 株高 Plant height (cm) | 茎粗 Stem diameter (mm) | 叶面积 Leaf area (cm2) | 地上部干重 Shoot dry weight (g·plant-1) | 根系干重 Root dry weight (g·plant-1) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
CK | 97.83±3.95a | 4.46±0.29a | 23.12±0.97a | 0.49±0.07ab | 0.10±0.02ab |
D | 73.83±6.52b | 3.59±0.35c | 15.05±1.36b | 0.42±0.05b | 0.06±0.02b |
CK+MT | 98.01±2.31a | 4.45±0.15ab | 24.60±1.57a | 0.49±0.04a | 0.11±0.01a |
D+MT | 85.65±10.60ab | 3.91±0.24bc | 22.40±1.98a | 0.48±0.13ab | 0.08±0.03ab |
图1 外源褪黑素对干旱胁迫下甜高粱幼苗叶片相对含水量的影响CK:对照;D:干旱胁迫;CK+MT:正常供水条件下喷施100 μmol·L-1的褪黑素;D+MT:干旱胁迫条件下喷施100 μmol·L-1的褪黑素。数据为3次重复的平均值±标准差。不同小写字母表示不同处理在0.05水平差异显著。下同。CK: Control; D: Drought stress; CK+MT: Spraying 100 μmol·L-1 melatonin under normal water supply; D+MT: Spraying 100 μmol·L-1 melatonin under drought stress. Data were mean±standard deviation for three replicates. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences at the 0.05 level. The same below.
Fig.1 Effects of exogenous melatonin on leaf relative water content of sweet sorghum seedlings under drought stress
项目 Item | 处理 Treatment | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
CK | D | CK+MT | D+MT | |
叶绿素a Chlorophyll a (Chl a) | 10.09±0.47a | 5.69±0.36c | 9.19±0.23b | 8.92±0.48b |
叶绿素b Chlorophyll b (Chl b) | 4.00±0.52a | 2.72±0.38b | 4.00±0.53a | 3.55±0.42ab |
总叶绿素Total chlorophyll (T-Chl) | 14.10±0.72a | 8.42±0.41c | 13.20±0.71ab | 12.47±0.14b |
类胡萝卜素Carotenoid (Car) | 1.66±0.11a | 0.85±0.12c | 1.41±0.48ab | 1.02±0.10bc |
Chl a/Chl b | 2.55±0.37a | 2.12±0.36a | 2.32±0.26a | 2.55±0.41a |
T-Chl/Car | 8.57±0.98a | 9.96±1.44a | 10.20±3.78a | 12.30±1.42a |
表2 外源褪黑素对干旱胁迫下甜高粱幼苗叶绿素与类胡萝卜素含量及其比值的影响
Table 2 Effects of exogenous melatonin on chlorophyll and carotenoid contents and their ratios in sweet sorghum seedlings under drought stress
项目 Item | 处理 Treatment | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
CK | D | CK+MT | D+MT | |
叶绿素a Chlorophyll a (Chl a) | 10.09±0.47a | 5.69±0.36c | 9.19±0.23b | 8.92±0.48b |
叶绿素b Chlorophyll b (Chl b) | 4.00±0.52a | 2.72±0.38b | 4.00±0.53a | 3.55±0.42ab |
总叶绿素Total chlorophyll (T-Chl) | 14.10±0.72a | 8.42±0.41c | 13.20±0.71ab | 12.47±0.14b |
类胡萝卜素Carotenoid (Car) | 1.66±0.11a | 0.85±0.12c | 1.41±0.48ab | 1.02±0.10bc |
Chl a/Chl b | 2.55±0.37a | 2.12±0.36a | 2.32±0.26a | 2.55±0.41a |
T-Chl/Car | 8.57±0.98a | 9.96±1.44a | 10.20±3.78a | 12.30±1.42a |
图2 外源褪黑素对干旱胁迫下甜高粱幼苗叶片中叶绿体超微结构的影响A~B:对照(CK); C~D:干旱胁迫(D)处理; E~F:正常供水条件下喷施 100 μmol·L-1褪黑素(CK+MT)处理;G~H:干旱条件下,喷施 100 μmol·L-1褪黑素(D+MT)处理。A-B: Control (CK); C-D: Drought stress (D) treatment; E-F: Spraying 100 μmol·L-1 melatonin under normal water supply (CK+MT) treatment; G-H: Spraying 100 μmol·L-1 melatonin under drought stress (D+MT) treatment. Chl: Chloroplast; GL: Grana lamella; St: Starch grain; Pi: Osmophilic granules.
Fig.2 Effects of exogenous melatonin on chloroplast ultrastructure in leaves of sweet sorghum seedlings under drought stress
图3 外源褪黑素对干旱胁迫下甜高粱幼苗MDA含量与相对电导率的影响
Fig.3 Effects of exogenous melatonin on MDA contents and relative conductivity of sweet sorghum seedlings under drought stress
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