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草业学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (6): 112-126.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2021154

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

全生育期干旱胁迫对‘青燕1号’燕麦叶绿素荧光参数的影响

金祎婷(), 刘文辉(), 刘凯强, 梁国玲, 贾志锋   

  1. 青海省青藏高原优良牧草种质资源利用重点实验室,青海大学畜牧兽医科学院,青海 西宁 810016
  • 收稿日期:2021-04-21 修回日期:2021-07-07 出版日期:2022-06-20 发布日期:2022-05-11
  • 通讯作者: 刘文辉
  • 作者简介:E-mail: qhliuwenhui@163.com
    金祎婷(1999-), 女, 四川广安人, 在读硕士。E-mail: ytjin114@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    青海省科技厅重点实验室发展专项“青海省青藏高原优良牧草种质资源利用重点实验室”(2020-ZJ-Y03);国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-34┫“昆仑英才乡村振兴人才”专项农业农村科技攻关团队资助)

Effect of water deficit stress on the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of Avena sativa ‘Qingyan No.1’ over the whole crop growth period

Yi-ting JIN(), Wen-hui LIU(), Kai-qiang LIU, Guo-ling LIANG, Zhi-feng JIA   

  1. Key Laboratory of Use of Forage Germplasm Resources on Tibetan Plateau of Qinghai Province,Academy of Animal and Veterinary Sciences of Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China
  • Received:2021-04-21 Revised:2021-07-07 Online:2022-06-20 Published:2022-05-11
  • Contact: Wen-hui LIU

摘要:

干旱是限制燕麦生长的关键因素之一,为探究干旱胁迫对燕麦光合系统的影响,选用青海省推广品种‘青燕1号’为材料,设置4个水分梯度,即正常供水(CK,75%FWC)、轻度胁迫(60%FWC)、中度胁迫(45%FWC)和重度胁迫(30%FWC)。生育期干旱胁迫分为4类,即苗期-拔节期干旱(SJ)、苗期-抽穗期干旱(SH)、苗期-开花期干旱(SF)和苗期-乳熟期干旱(SM),并设置全生育期正常供水作为对照处理(CK)。探讨不同生育期燕麦叶绿素荧光参数对干旱胁迫的响应,以期为青藏高原燕麦抗旱育种和节水高产栽培提供理论指导。结果表明:1) 不同胁迫程度整体影响大小为:30%FWC>45%FWC>60%FWC;2) 不同生育时期胁迫整体影响大小为:SM>SF>SH>SJ;3) 胁迫程度与胁迫时期互作(Sd×Sp)对燕麦叶绿素参数影响最为显著。在30%FWC和SM时期时,叶绿素荧光参数受到的影响最大,此时光合作用的主要限制因素是非气孔限制,主要表现为PSⅡ反应中心失活,光合电子传递受阻;在60%FWC和SJ时,其受到的影响最小,此时影响光合作用的主要因素是气孔限制; 4) 在45%FWC、SH和SF时期,燕麦可通过叶片的气孔导度调节蒸腾作用和碳同化之间的关系,从而适应干旱胁迫;5) 叶绿素荧光参数的变化,间接反映了受到干旱胁迫时,燕麦光合作用能力的变化。Y(NO)、NPQ、Y(NPQ)和β与CK相比增加了85.52%、65.21%、33.76%和26.60%,FvFm、ΦPSⅡ、ETR、Fm′、FsF0′、qPF0、α和Fv/Fm分别降低了84.86%、75.41%、75.03%、75.00%、70.89%、61.38%、57.73%、57.06%、48.86%、45.61%和38.50%。

关键词: 干旱胁迫, 生育时期, 叶绿素荧光参数, 燕麦

Abstract:

Drought is one of the key factors limiting the growth of oats (Avena sativa). This experiment explored the effect of water deficit stress on the photosynthetic system of oats. The oat cultivar studied was ‘Qingyan No.1’ and plants were grown in pots in order to control water supply. A gradient of four water treatments was set up, namely: normal water supply [CK, 75% field capacity (FWC)], mild stress (60% FWC), moderate stress (45% FWC), and severe stress (30% FWC). Water deficit stress during the crop growth period was applied at four growth stages, namely: jointing stage water deficit (SJ), heading stage water deficit (SH), flowering stage water deficit (SF), and milky-grain stage water deficit (SM). Normal water supply throughout the growth period was used as the control treatment (CK). By exploring the response to water deficit stress of oat chlorophyll fluorescence parameters at different crop growth stages, it was hoped to provide theoretical insight for breeding drought-resistant, water-saving and high-yielding oat cultivars for cultivation on the Tibetan Plateau. It was found that: 1) The overall impact of different water deficit stress levels was: 30% FWC>45% FWC>60% FWC; 2) The overall impact of stress at different growth periods was: SM>SF>SH>SJ; 3) The interaction between stress degree and stress period (Sd×Sp) has the most significant effect on the chlorophyll parameters of oats. The chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were most affected in the treatment with 30% FWC at SM. At this time, non-stomatal factors are the main limitation to photosynthesis, mainly manifested as the inactivation of the PS Ⅱ reaction center and hindered photosynthetic electron transfer. At 60% FWC and SJ, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were the least affected. The main factor affecting photosynthesis was stomatal limitation; 4) At 45% FWC, in the SH and SF periods the oat plants were able to coordinate transpiration and carbon assimilation through the stomatal conductance of the leaves. 5) Observed changes in chlorophyll fluorescence parameters indirectly reflected changes in the photosynthetic capacity of oats under drought stress. Compared with CK, Y(NO), NPQ, Y(NPQ) and β increased by 85.52%, 65.21%, 33.76% and 26.60%, respectively, while FvFm, ΦPS Ⅱ, ETR, Fm', Fs,F0', qPF0, α and Fv/Fm decreased by 84.86%, 75.41%, 75.03%, 75.00%, 70.89%, 61.38%, 57.73%, 57.06%, 48.86%, 45.61% and 38.50%, respectively. The comprehensive analysis showed that oat chlorophyll fluorescence parameters had different degrees of response to drought during the whole growth period, and the capacity to affect photosynthesis increased synchronously with the water deficit gradient.

Key words: drought stress, growth stage, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, oats