草业学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (5): 58-68.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2023228
王萌1(), 鲁雪莉2,3,4, 王菊英3, 张梦超2,5, 宋奕汝1,2, 孟晨2,3,4, 张莉5, 徐宗昌2,3,4()
收稿日期:
2023-07-04
修回日期:
2023-08-11
出版日期:
2024-05-20
发布日期:
2024-02-03
通讯作者:
徐宗昌
作者简介:
E-mail: xuzongchang@caas.cn基金资助:
Meng WANG1(), Xue-li LU2,3,4, Ju-ying WANG3, Meng-chao ZHANG2,5, Yi-ru SONG1,2, Chen MENG2,3,4, Li ZHANG5, Zong-chang XU2,3,4()
Received:
2023-07-04
Revised:
2023-08-11
Online:
2024-05-20
Published:
2024-02-03
Contact:
Zong-chang XU
摘要:
盐渍化土壤是重要的后备土地资源,筛选耐盐作物品种资源是盐渍化土地农业应用的重要基础。本研究对来自美国和国内6个省份的14份小黑麦种质资源进行萌发期0.9%和苗期1.2%浓度的NaCl胁迫处理,通过测定发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数以及苗期株高、根长、地上干/鲜重、根干/鲜重、脯氨酸、丙二醛以及超氧化物歧化酶等农艺和生理生化指标,对小黑麦种质资源进行萌发期和苗期耐盐评价与筛选。结果表明:盐胁迫下小黑麦萌发期和苗期指标多态性丰富,变异系数为6.53%~99.65%,其中生理指标受盐胁迫的影响较农艺指标大。采用隶属函数法结合主成分分析法等多元统计方法对参试小黑麦种质资源萌发期和苗期耐盐能力进行综合评价,萌发期隶属函数值排名和苗期D值排名的相关性分析结果表明小黑麦萌发期与苗期耐盐性呈极显著正相关;鉴定出萌发期耐盐材料8份,苗期高耐盐材料1份,耐盐材料8份;萌发期和苗期较耐盐的前两个材料均为甘农4号和冀饲2号,可作为盐碱地后续利用和耐盐育种的优异资源。
王萌, 鲁雪莉, 王菊英, 张梦超, 宋奕汝, 孟晨, 张莉, 徐宗昌. 小黑麦种质萌发期苗期耐盐资源评价与筛选[J]. 草业学报, 2024, 33(5): 58-68.
Meng WANG, Xue-li LU, Ju-ying WANG, Meng-chao ZHANG, Yi-ru SONG, Chen MENG, Li ZHANG, Zong-chang XU. Evaluation and screening of the salt tolerance of triticale germplasm at the germination and seedling stages[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2024, 33(5): 58-68.
编号No. | 品种名Species name | 产地Location | 编号No. | 品种名Species name | 产地Location |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 冬牧70 Dongmu 70 | 美国America | 8 | 甘农2号Gannong No.2 | 甘肃Gansu |
2 | 高产冬牧70 Gaochandongmu 70 | 江苏Jiangsu | 9 | 冀饲3号Jisi No.3 | 河北Hebei |
3 | 小黑麦Xiaoheimai | 山东Shandong | 10 | 冀饲4号Jisi No.4 | 河北Hebei |
4 | 饲用小黑麦Siyongxiaoheimai | 江苏Jiangsu | 11 | 甘农3号Gannong No.3 | 甘肃Gansu |
5 | 冀饲6号Jisi No.6 | 河北Hebei | 12 | 冀饲2号Jisi No.2 | 河北Hebei |
6 | 冀饲3号-1 Jisi No.3-1 | 河北Hebei | 13 | 藏饲1号Zangsi No.1 | 西藏Xizang |
7 | 晋饲草1号Jinsicao No.1 | 山西Shanxi | 14 | 甘农4号Gannong No.4 | 甘肃Gansu |
表1 供试小黑麦种质资源编号及来源
Table 1 Number and source of triticale germplasm resources
编号No. | 品种名Species name | 产地Location | 编号No. | 品种名Species name | 产地Location |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 冬牧70 Dongmu 70 | 美国America | 8 | 甘农2号Gannong No.2 | 甘肃Gansu |
2 | 高产冬牧70 Gaochandongmu 70 | 江苏Jiangsu | 9 | 冀饲3号Jisi No.3 | 河北Hebei |
3 | 小黑麦Xiaoheimai | 山东Shandong | 10 | 冀饲4号Jisi No.4 | 河北Hebei |
4 | 饲用小黑麦Siyongxiaoheimai | 江苏Jiangsu | 11 | 甘农3号Gannong No.3 | 甘肃Gansu |
5 | 冀饲6号Jisi No.6 | 河北Hebei | 12 | 冀饲2号Jisi No.2 | 河北Hebei |
6 | 冀饲3号-1 Jisi No.3-1 | 河北Hebei | 13 | 藏饲1号Zangsi No.1 | 西藏Xizang |
7 | 晋饲草1号Jinsicao No.1 | 山西Shanxi | 14 | 甘农4号Gannong No.4 | 甘肃Gansu |
指标 Index | 最大值 Maximum | 最小值 Minimum | 极差 Range | 平均值 Mean | 标准差 Standard deviation | 变异系数 Variable coefficient (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
G1 | 1.00 | 0.74 | 0.26 | 0.90 | 0.09 | 10.14 |
G2 | 1.00 | 0.80 | 0.20 | 0.92 | 0.06 | 6.53 |
G3 | 1.00 | 0.41 | 0.59 | 0.63 | 0.14 | 22.33 |
S1 | 1.01 | 0.72 | 0.29 | 0.93 | 0.08 | 8.05 |
S2 | 1.16 | 0.69 | 0.47 | 0.96 | 0.13 | 13.22 |
S3 | 1.02 | 0.07 | 0.95 | 0.72 | 0.26 | 36.40 |
S4 | 1.10 | 0.12 | 0.98 | 0.81 | 0.24 | 30.34 |
S5 | 1.08 | 0.52 | 0.56 | 0.82 | 0.18 | 22.38 |
S6 | 1.15 | 0.58 | 0.57 | 0.88 | 0.18 | 20.76 |
S7 | 14.04 | 1.01 | 13.03 | 4.54 | 4.52 | 99.65 |
S8 | 6.86 | 1.00 | 5.86 | 2.14 | 1.60 | 74.52 |
S9 | 1.02 | 0.26 | 0.76 | 0.67 | 0.25 | 37.66 |
表2 盐胁迫下小黑麦种质资源萌发期和苗期各性状相对指标变异统计
Table 2 Relative traits indexes variation analysis of triticale germplasm resources at germination and seedling stage under salt stress
指标 Index | 最大值 Maximum | 最小值 Minimum | 极差 Range | 平均值 Mean | 标准差 Standard deviation | 变异系数 Variable coefficient (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
G1 | 1.00 | 0.74 | 0.26 | 0.90 | 0.09 | 10.14 |
G2 | 1.00 | 0.80 | 0.20 | 0.92 | 0.06 | 6.53 |
G3 | 1.00 | 0.41 | 0.59 | 0.63 | 0.14 | 22.33 |
S1 | 1.01 | 0.72 | 0.29 | 0.93 | 0.08 | 8.05 |
S2 | 1.16 | 0.69 | 0.47 | 0.96 | 0.13 | 13.22 |
S3 | 1.02 | 0.07 | 0.95 | 0.72 | 0.26 | 36.40 |
S4 | 1.10 | 0.12 | 0.98 | 0.81 | 0.24 | 30.34 |
S5 | 1.08 | 0.52 | 0.56 | 0.82 | 0.18 | 22.38 |
S6 | 1.15 | 0.58 | 0.57 | 0.88 | 0.18 | 20.76 |
S7 | 14.04 | 1.01 | 13.03 | 4.54 | 4.52 | 99.65 |
S8 | 6.86 | 1.00 | 5.86 | 2.14 | 1.60 | 74.52 |
S9 | 1.02 | 0.26 | 0.76 | 0.67 | 0.25 | 37.66 |
指标Index | G1 | G2 | G3 | S1 | S2 | S3 | S4 | S5 | S6 | S7 | S8 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
G2 | 0.792** | ||||||||||
G3 | 0.401 | 0.267 | |||||||||
S1 | 0.167 | 0.176 | 0.022 | ||||||||
S2 | -0.090 | -0.034 | 0.153 | -0.332 | |||||||
S3 | -0.360 | -0.312 | 0.009 | 0.172 | 0.008 | ||||||
S4 | -0.056 | 0.170 | -0.220 | 0.215 | -0.138 | 0.662** | |||||
S5 | 0.039 | 0.106 | 0.006 | 0.603* | -0.229 | 0.690** | 0.586* | ||||
S6 | 0.029 | -0.016 | -0.075 | 0.388 | 0.164 | 0.174 | 0.279 | 0.423 | |||
S7 | 0.096 | 0.091 | 0.424 | -0.384 | 0.060 | -0.445 | -0.218 | -0.661* | -0.418 | ||
S8 | 0.219 | 0.160 | 0.650* | -0.165 | -0.012 | -0.305 | -0.163 | -0.390 | -0.362 | 0.914* | |
S9 | 0.096 | 0.237 | 0.350 | 0.562* | 0.237 | 0.486 | 0.305 | 0.714** | 0.222 | -0.405 | -0.112 |
表3 盐胁迫下各指标的相关性分析
Table 3 Correlation analysis of each index under salt stress
指标Index | G1 | G2 | G3 | S1 | S2 | S3 | S4 | S5 | S6 | S7 | S8 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
G2 | 0.792** | ||||||||||
G3 | 0.401 | 0.267 | |||||||||
S1 | 0.167 | 0.176 | 0.022 | ||||||||
S2 | -0.090 | -0.034 | 0.153 | -0.332 | |||||||
S3 | -0.360 | -0.312 | 0.009 | 0.172 | 0.008 | ||||||
S4 | -0.056 | 0.170 | -0.220 | 0.215 | -0.138 | 0.662** | |||||
S5 | 0.039 | 0.106 | 0.006 | 0.603* | -0.229 | 0.690** | 0.586* | ||||
S6 | 0.029 | -0.016 | -0.075 | 0.388 | 0.164 | 0.174 | 0.279 | 0.423 | |||
S7 | 0.096 | 0.091 | 0.424 | -0.384 | 0.060 | -0.445 | -0.218 | -0.661* | -0.418 | ||
S8 | 0.219 | 0.160 | 0.650* | -0.165 | -0.012 | -0.305 | -0.163 | -0.390 | -0.362 | 0.914* | |
S9 | 0.096 | 0.237 | 0.350 | 0.562* | 0.237 | 0.486 | 0.305 | 0.714** | 0.222 | -0.405 | -0.112 |
资源名称 Resource name | 隶属函数值 Membership function value | 耐盐排序 Salt tolerance rank | 耐盐等级 Salt tolerance rank |
---|---|---|---|
冬牧70 Dongmu 70 | 0.48 | 12 | 3 |
高产冬牧70 Gaochandongmu 70 | 0.54 | 9 | 3 |
小黑麦Xiaoheimai | 0.63 | 7 | 2 |
饲用小黑麦Siyongxiaoheimai | 0.62 | 8 | 2 |
冀饲6号Jisi No.6 | 0.73 | 3 | 2 |
冀饲3号-1 Jisi No.3-1 | 0.50 | 11 | 3 |
晋饲草1号Jinsicao No.1 | 0.37 | 14 | 4 |
甘农2号Gannong No.2 | 0.66 | 6 | 2 |
冀饲3号Jisi No.3 | 0.44 | 13 | 3 |
冀饲4号Jisi No.4 | 0.50 | 10 | 3 |
甘农3号Gannong No.3 | 0.72 | 4 | 2 |
冀饲2号Jisi No.2 | 0.74 | 2 | 2 |
藏饲1号Zangsi No.1 | 0.71 | 5 | 2 |
甘农4号Gannong No.4 | 0.78 | 1 | 2 |
表4 小黑麦种质萌发期耐盐性隶属函数值综合评价
Table 4 Germination stage salt tolerance comprehensive evaluation of triticale germplasm resources with membership function value
资源名称 Resource name | 隶属函数值 Membership function value | 耐盐排序 Salt tolerance rank | 耐盐等级 Salt tolerance rank |
---|---|---|---|
冬牧70 Dongmu 70 | 0.48 | 12 | 3 |
高产冬牧70 Gaochandongmu 70 | 0.54 | 9 | 3 |
小黑麦Xiaoheimai | 0.63 | 7 | 2 |
饲用小黑麦Siyongxiaoheimai | 0.62 | 8 | 2 |
冀饲6号Jisi No.6 | 0.73 | 3 | 2 |
冀饲3号-1 Jisi No.3-1 | 0.50 | 11 | 3 |
晋饲草1号Jinsicao No.1 | 0.37 | 14 | 4 |
甘农2号Gannong No.2 | 0.66 | 6 | 2 |
冀饲3号Jisi No.3 | 0.44 | 13 | 3 |
冀饲4号Jisi No.4 | 0.50 | 10 | 3 |
甘农3号Gannong No.3 | 0.72 | 4 | 2 |
冀饲2号Jisi No.2 | 0.74 | 2 | 2 |
藏饲1号Zangsi No.1 | 0.71 | 5 | 2 |
甘农4号Gannong No.4 | 0.78 | 1 | 2 |
性状 Trait | 主成分Principal component | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
F1 | F2 | F3 | F4 | |
株高Plant height | 0.16 | 0.19 | -0.29 | 0.52 |
根长Root length | -0.02 | -0.29 | 0.69 | 0.20 |
地上鲜重Above-ground fresh weight | 0.18 | 0.17 | 0.26 | -0.41 |
地下鲜重Root fresh weight | 0.15 | 0.29 | 0.15 | -0.41 |
地上干重Above-ground dry weight | 0.23 | 0.16 | -0.03 | 0.02 |
地下干重Root dry weight | 0.14 | -0.22 | 0.05 | 0.29 |
脯氨酸含量Proline content | -0.20 | 0.36 | 0.16 | 0.08 |
MDA含量MDA content | -0.15 | 0.50 | 0.17 | 0.23 |
SOD活性SOD activity | 0.17 | 0.17 | 0.30 | 0.38 |
特征值Eigenvalue | 3.96 | 1.40 | 1.25 | 1.09 |
贡献率Contribution rate (%) | 43.99 | 15.58 | 13.88 | 12.08 |
累计贡献率Accumulative contribution rate (%) | 43.99 | 59.57 | 73.45 | 85.53 |
权重Weight (%) | 51.43 | 18.21 | 16.23 | 14.12 |
表5 小黑麦苗期各指标主成分特征值及特征向量分析
Table 5 Principal component eigenvalue and eigenvectors analysis of triticale seedling stage
性状 Trait | 主成分Principal component | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
F1 | F2 | F3 | F4 | |
株高Plant height | 0.16 | 0.19 | -0.29 | 0.52 |
根长Root length | -0.02 | -0.29 | 0.69 | 0.20 |
地上鲜重Above-ground fresh weight | 0.18 | 0.17 | 0.26 | -0.41 |
地下鲜重Root fresh weight | 0.15 | 0.29 | 0.15 | -0.41 |
地上干重Above-ground dry weight | 0.23 | 0.16 | -0.03 | 0.02 |
地下干重Root dry weight | 0.14 | -0.22 | 0.05 | 0.29 |
脯氨酸含量Proline content | -0.20 | 0.36 | 0.16 | 0.08 |
MDA含量MDA content | -0.15 | 0.50 | 0.17 | 0.23 |
SOD活性SOD activity | 0.17 | 0.17 | 0.30 | 0.38 |
特征值Eigenvalue | 3.96 | 1.40 | 1.25 | 1.09 |
贡献率Contribution rate (%) | 43.99 | 15.58 | 13.88 | 12.08 |
累计贡献率Accumulative contribution rate (%) | 43.99 | 59.57 | 73.45 | 85.53 |
权重Weight (%) | 51.43 | 18.21 | 16.23 | 14.12 |
资源名称 Resource name | 苗期耐盐评价Seedling stage salt tolerance evaluation | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
主成分 Principal component | 隶属函数 Membership function | D值 D value | 耐盐排序 Salt tolerance rank | 耐盐等级 Salt tolerance rank | |||||||
F1 | F2 | F3 | F4 | R1 | R2 | R3 | R4 | ||||
冬牧70 Dongmu 70 | -0.33 | 0.81 | -1.32 | -1.45 | 0.51 | 0.95 | 0.13 | 0.00 | 0.46 | 10 | 3 |
高产冬牧70 Gaochandongmu 70 | 0.60 | -0.07 | -0.16 | -0.18 | 0.84 | 0.62 | 0.48 | 0.38 | 0.68 | 7 | 2 |
小黑麦Xiaoheimai | 0.58 | 0.13 | -0.67 | -0.37 | 0.83 | 0.70 | 0.33 | 0.32 | 0.65 | 9 | 2 |
饲用小黑麦Siyongxiaoheimai | 1.05 | 0.25 | -0.53 | -0.25 | 1.00 | 0.74 | 0.37 | 0.36 | 0.76 | 3 | 2 |
冀饲6号Jisi No.6 | 0.51 | -0.61 | 0.39 | 0.00 | 0.81 | 0.42 | 0.64 | 0.43 | 0.66 | 8 | 2 |
冀饲3号-1 Jisi No.3-1 | -0.95 | -1.75 | -1.77 | 1.92 | 0.29 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 1.00 | 0.29 | 13 | 4 |
晋饲草1号Jinsicao No.1 | -1.13 | 0.14 | -0.31 | -0.33 | 0.22 | 0.70 | 0.44 | 0.33 | 0.36 | 11 | 4 |
甘农2号Gannong No.2 | 0.76 | -0.89 | 1.45 | 0.25 | 0.90 | 0.32 | 0.96 | 0.51 | 0.75 | 4 | 2 |
冀饲3号Jisi No.3 | -1.75 | -0.84 | 1.59 | -1.39 | 0.00 | 0.34 | 1.00 | 0.02 | 0.23 | 14 | 4 |
冀饲4号Jisi No.4 | -1.35 | 0.13 | -0.08 | -0.17 | 0.14 | 0.70 | 0.50 | 0.38 | 0.33 | 12 | 4 |
甘农3号Gannong No.3 | 0.77 | 0.95 | -0.57 | -0.80 | 0.90 | 1.00 | 0.36 | 0.19 | 0.73 | 6 | 2 |
冀饲2号Jisi No.2 | 1.02 | -0.20 | -0.11 | 0.29 | 0.99 | 0.57 | 0.49 | 0.52 | 0.77 | 2 | 2 |
藏饲1号Zangsi No.1 | -0.76 | 2.47 | 0.90 | 1.96 | 0.36 | 1.56 | 0.80 | 1.01 | 0.74 | 5 | 2 |
甘农4号Gannong No.4 | 0.99 | -0.52 | 1.18 | 0.51 | 0.98 | 0.46 | 0.88 | 0.58 | 0.81 | 1 | 1 |
表6 小黑麦种质苗期耐盐性评价主成分值、隶属函数值与综合评价D值
Table 6 Principal component value, membership function value and comprehensive evaluation D value of triticale germplasm resources seedling stage salt tolerance evaluation
资源名称 Resource name | 苗期耐盐评价Seedling stage salt tolerance evaluation | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
主成分 Principal component | 隶属函数 Membership function | D值 D value | 耐盐排序 Salt tolerance rank | 耐盐等级 Salt tolerance rank | |||||||
F1 | F2 | F3 | F4 | R1 | R2 | R3 | R4 | ||||
冬牧70 Dongmu 70 | -0.33 | 0.81 | -1.32 | -1.45 | 0.51 | 0.95 | 0.13 | 0.00 | 0.46 | 10 | 3 |
高产冬牧70 Gaochandongmu 70 | 0.60 | -0.07 | -0.16 | -0.18 | 0.84 | 0.62 | 0.48 | 0.38 | 0.68 | 7 | 2 |
小黑麦Xiaoheimai | 0.58 | 0.13 | -0.67 | -0.37 | 0.83 | 0.70 | 0.33 | 0.32 | 0.65 | 9 | 2 |
饲用小黑麦Siyongxiaoheimai | 1.05 | 0.25 | -0.53 | -0.25 | 1.00 | 0.74 | 0.37 | 0.36 | 0.76 | 3 | 2 |
冀饲6号Jisi No.6 | 0.51 | -0.61 | 0.39 | 0.00 | 0.81 | 0.42 | 0.64 | 0.43 | 0.66 | 8 | 2 |
冀饲3号-1 Jisi No.3-1 | -0.95 | -1.75 | -1.77 | 1.92 | 0.29 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 1.00 | 0.29 | 13 | 4 |
晋饲草1号Jinsicao No.1 | -1.13 | 0.14 | -0.31 | -0.33 | 0.22 | 0.70 | 0.44 | 0.33 | 0.36 | 11 | 4 |
甘农2号Gannong No.2 | 0.76 | -0.89 | 1.45 | 0.25 | 0.90 | 0.32 | 0.96 | 0.51 | 0.75 | 4 | 2 |
冀饲3号Jisi No.3 | -1.75 | -0.84 | 1.59 | -1.39 | 0.00 | 0.34 | 1.00 | 0.02 | 0.23 | 14 | 4 |
冀饲4号Jisi No.4 | -1.35 | 0.13 | -0.08 | -0.17 | 0.14 | 0.70 | 0.50 | 0.38 | 0.33 | 12 | 4 |
甘农3号Gannong No.3 | 0.77 | 0.95 | -0.57 | -0.80 | 0.90 | 1.00 | 0.36 | 0.19 | 0.73 | 6 | 2 |
冀饲2号Jisi No.2 | 1.02 | -0.20 | -0.11 | 0.29 | 0.99 | 0.57 | 0.49 | 0.52 | 0.77 | 2 | 2 |
藏饲1号Zangsi No.1 | -0.76 | 2.47 | 0.90 | 1.96 | 0.36 | 1.56 | 0.80 | 1.01 | 0.74 | 5 | 2 |
甘农4号Gannong No.4 | 0.99 | -0.52 | 1.18 | 0.51 | 0.98 | 0.46 | 0.88 | 0.58 | 0.81 | 1 | 1 |
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