草业学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (7): 1-12.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2024319
• 研究论文 •
安玉霞1(
), 王文强1, 余殿3, 梁咏亮2, 杨君珑1, 李小伟1(
)
收稿日期:2024-08-26
修回日期:2024-09-18
出版日期:2025-07-20
发布日期:2025-05-12
通讯作者:
李小伟
作者简介:E-mail: lxwbq@126.com基金资助:
Yu-xia AN1(
), Wen-qiang WANG1, Dian YU3, Yong-liang LIANG2, Jun-long YANG1, Xiao-wei LI1(
)
Received:2024-08-26
Revised:2024-09-18
Online:2025-07-20
Published:2025-05-12
Contact:
Xiao-wei LI
摘要:
锁阳系国家二级保护植物,其药用价值极高,生长在生态脆弱的荒漠地区。近年来,由于气候变化,对锁阳的地理分布构成了严重的威胁。为了明确影响锁阳在中国分布的主要环境因子以及潜在适生区的分布对合理保护和管理具有重要意义。基于166条有效分布记录和39个自然环境变量,运用最大熵模型(maximum entropy model, MaxEnt)对锁阳当前和未来两个时期(2050和2070年)的代表性路径(SSP126和SSP585)潜在的地理分布进行模拟,探讨影响其地理分布最关键的环境因素,并预测适生区在气候变化影响下的空间分布格局。采用刀切法评估环境变量对模型的贡献率,确定影响锁阳分布的主要环境变量。模型预测结果显示,当前模拟的锁阳潜在分布区与实际分布基本吻合,受试者工作特征曲线下面积(AUC值)为0.900,预测结果良好。最湿月的降水量和最冷季的平均气温是决定锁阳栖息地的重要变量,其次为基本饱和度和海拔以及最暖月的最高温度。未来气候的变化会使锁阳的栖息地范围缩小且向东迁移。本研究通过对锁阳潜在适生区的预测可以为锁阳的保护和管理提供参考和指导意义。
安玉霞, 王文强, 余殿, 梁咏亮, 杨君珑, 李小伟. 基于优化MaxEnt模型的锁阳分布研究:现状评估与未来预测[J]. 草业学报, 2025, 34(7): 1-12.
Yu-xia AN, Wen-qiang WANG, Dian YU, Yong-liang LIANG, Jun-long YANG, Xiao-wei LI. A study of the distribution of the parasitic herb Cynomorium songaricum based on the optimized MaxEnt model: Current status assessment and future predictions[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2025, 34(7): 1-12.
图1 锁阳物种分布点基于自然资源部标准地图服务网站GS(2023)2767号标准地图制作,底图边界无修改。Based on the standard map service website GS (2023) 2767 of the Ministry of Natural Resources, the boundary of the base map is not modified.
Fig.1 Distribution points of C. songaricum species
| 分布概率Distribution probability (P) | 评价等级Evaluation level |
|---|---|
| P<0.2382 | 非适生区Non-suitable areas |
| 0.2382≤P<0.4000 | 低适生区Low suitable area |
| 0.4≤P<0.6 | 中适生区Medium suitable area |
| 0.6≤P≤1.0 | 高适生区Highly suitable area |
表1 适生区划分
Table 1 Division of potential distribution
| 分布概率Distribution probability (P) | 评价等级Evaluation level |
|---|---|
| P<0.2382 | 非适生区Non-suitable areas |
| 0.2382≤P<0.4000 | 低适生区Low suitable area |
| 0.4≤P<0.6 | 中适生区Medium suitable area |
| 0.6≤P≤1.0 | 高适生区Highly suitable area |
| 代码Code | 环境因子Environmental factor | 贡献率Contribution percent | 置换重要性Permutation importance |
|---|---|---|---|
| bio13 | 最湿月的降水量Precipitation in the wettest month | 48.9 | 54.1 |
| bio11 | 最冷季的平均气温The average temperature of the coldest season | 11.8 | 21.1 |
| t_bs | 基本饱和度Basic saturation | 9.1 | 2.3 |
| elev | 海拔Elevation | 7.5 | 3.6 |
| bio05 | 最暖月的最高温度The highest temperature of the warmest month | 7.4 | 6.2 |
| bio17 | 最干燥季的降水量Precipitation in the driest season | 5.6 | 3.3 |
| t_caco3 | 碳酸盐或石灰含量Carbonate or lime content | 2.9 | 0.9 |
| awc_class | 土壤有效水含量Soil available water content | 2.7 | 4.6 |
| slope | 坡度Gradient | 2.3 | 1.2 |
| t_oc | 有机碳含量Organic carbon content | 1.9 | 2.7 |
表2 锁阳分布模拟的10个环境变量
Table 2 Ten environmental variables simulated by C. songaricum distribution (%)
| 代码Code | 环境因子Environmental factor | 贡献率Contribution percent | 置换重要性Permutation importance |
|---|---|---|---|
| bio13 | 最湿月的降水量Precipitation in the wettest month | 48.9 | 54.1 |
| bio11 | 最冷季的平均气温The average temperature of the coldest season | 11.8 | 21.1 |
| t_bs | 基本饱和度Basic saturation | 9.1 | 2.3 |
| elev | 海拔Elevation | 7.5 | 3.6 |
| bio05 | 最暖月的最高温度The highest temperature of the warmest month | 7.4 | 6.2 |
| bio17 | 最干燥季的降水量Precipitation in the driest season | 5.6 | 3.3 |
| t_caco3 | 碳酸盐或石灰含量Carbonate or lime content | 2.9 | 0.9 |
| awc_class | 土壤有效水含量Soil available water content | 2.7 | 4.6 |
| slope | 坡度Gradient | 2.3 | 1.2 |
| t_oc | 有机碳含量Organic carbon content | 1.9 | 2.7 |
图6 当前气候下锁阳的潜在适宜区基于自然资源部标准地图服务网站GS(2023)2767号标准地图制作,底图边界无修改。Based on the standard map service website GS (2023) 2767 of the Ministry of Natural Resources, the boundary of the base map is not modified.
Fig.6 Potential suitable area of C. songaricum under current climate
图7 未来气候变化下锁阳的适生区分布基于自然资源部标准地图服务网站GS(2023)2767号标准地图制作,底图边界无修改。Based on the standard map service website GS (2023) 2767 of the Ministry of Natural Resources, the boundary of the base map is not modified.
Fig.7 The distribution of suitable areas of C. songaricum under future climate change
图8 锁阳潜在适生区质心变化基于自然资源部标准地图服务网站GS(2023)2767号标准地图制作,底图边界无修改。Based on the standard map service website GS (2023) 2767 of the Ministry of Natural Resources, the boundary of the base map is not modified.
Fig.8 C. songaricum potential suitable area centroid change
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