Effects of Broussonetia papyrifera silage on growth performance， serum biochemical indexes and meat quality of Dorper×Hu crossbred sheep

doi:10.11686/cyxb2020167

Abstract

Abstract:

This study was conducted to explore the effects of Broussonetia papyrifera silage on growth performance， serum biochemical and immune indexes， meat quality and composition of amino acid and fatty acid in muscle of Dorper×Hu crossbred sheep. Healthy Dorper×Hu crossbred F₁ sheep （n=36） with similar body weight ［（24.2±0.65） kg］ were selected and randomly assigned to 4 treatment groups （Control group， CG； low， medium and high B. papyrifera silage dietary supplementation groups-LG， MG and HG， respectively）， with 3 replicates in each group and 3 sheep in each replicate. The sheep in the CG were fed a basal diet， and those in the test groups LG， MG and HG were fed experimental diets supplemented with 6%， 12% and 18%， respectively， of B. papyrifera silage added to the a basal diet. The trial period was 90 d， comprising a 10 d diet adaptation period and an 80 d formal evaluation period. The findings were as follows： 1） There were no significant differences in final weight and average daily gain of trial sheep after adding different proportion of B. papyrifera silage （P>0.05）. 2） The levels of serum immunoglobulin G， immunoglobulin A and immunoglobulin M of MG and HG were significantly higher than those of the CG （P<0.05）； the content of urea nitrogen in the serum of LG， MG and HG was significantly lower than that in CG （P<0.05）. 3） The level of crude protein and the cooked meat weight in the longissimus dorsi muscle of MG and HG were significantly higher than those in the CG （P<0.05）， while ether extract， cholesterol， shear force and water loss rate in MG and HG were significantly lower than in the CG （P<0.05）. There was no significant difference in pH， drip loss rate， meat color， marbling and fat color among groups （P>0.05）. 4） The levels of essential amino acids， umami amino acids， total amino acids and essential amino acids/total amino acids in the longissimus dorsi of MG were significantly higher than those in CG， LG and HG （P<0.05）. The delicious amino acids∶total amino acids ratio of MG was significantly higher than in the CG （P<0.05）. The contents of valine， leucine， phenylalanine， lysine and arginine in MG were significantly higher than those in the CG， LG and HG （P<0.05）. 5） The content of muscle saturated fatty acids in LG， MG and HG groups were significantly lower than those in the CG （P<0.05）， while the contents of polyunsaturated fatty acids were significantly higher than those in the CG（P<0.05）. Linoleic acid， α-linolenic acid， arachidonic acid， docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid in MG group were significantly higher than that in CG group （P<0.05）. In conclusion， diet supplementation with B. papyrifera silage had no significant effect on the growth performance of Dorper×Hu crossbred sheep， however， it can promote the immunity of sheep， and improve the nutrient composition， amino acid and fatty acid levels in muscle， as well as the meat quality. Based on these results， the best supplemental level of B. papyrifera silage is 12% of the basal diet.

Key words: Broussonetia papyrifera silage, growth performance, serum biochemical indexes, immune indexes, meat quality, amino acid, fatty acid

Sheng-wei ZHANG, Xiao-ping WANG, Zhan-hai ZHANG, You-ji MA, Shuang-bao GUN, Qiao-li YANG, Xiao-li GAO, Bao-jun ZHANG. Effects of Broussonetia papyrifera silage on growth performance， serum biochemical indexes and meat quality of Dorper×Hu crossbred sheep[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2021, 30(3): 89-99.

Figures/Tables 8

References 36

1	Annual report of China feed market-2019. http：//www.feedtrade.com.cn/， 2019.
	2019年中国饲料市场年度报告. 中国饲料行业信息网， 2019.
2	Wang L. Advances in research on the feeding value of paper mulberry and their application in ruminants. China Dairy Cattle， 2019（12）： 25-28.
	王丽. 构树的饲用价值及在反刍动物上的应用研究进展. 中国奶牛， 2019（12）： 25-28.
3	Qin C Y， Ning D L. Research progress on chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Broussonetia papyrifera. World Latest Medicine Information， 2019， 19（96）： 66-67.
	秦超燕，宁带连. 构树化学成分及药理作用研究进展. 世界最新医学信息文摘， 2019， 19（96）： 66-67.
4	Si B W， Xu W C， Zhang X L， et al. Influence of different additives on fermentation quality of hybrid paper mulberry silage. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition， 2018， 30（11）： 4670-4675.
	司丙文，徐文财，张小利，等. 不同添加剂对杂交构树青贮发酵品质的影响. 动物营养学报， 2018， 30（11）： 4670-4675.
5	Ministry of Agriculture of China. Feeding standard of meat-producing sheep and goats， NY/Y816-2004. Beijing： Ministry of Agriculture of China， 2004.
	中国农业部. 肉羊饲养标准， NY/Y816-2004. 北京：中国农业部， 2004.
6	Zhang L Y. Feed analysis and quality test technology. Beijing： China Agricultural University Press， 2016.
	张丽英. 饲料分析及饲料质量检测技术. 北京：中国农业大学出版社， 2016.
7	Liu J. Prediction of metabolizable energy and metabolizable protein in feeds for meat sheep. Beijing： Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences， 2012.
	刘洁. 肉用绵羊饲料代谢能与代谢蛋白质预测模型的研究. 北京：中国农业科学院， 2012.
8	National Health and Family Planning Commission of PRC. National food safety standard-Determination of protein in food， GB 5009. 5-2016. Beijing： Standards Press of China， 2017.
	国家卫生和计划生育委. 食品安全国家标准-食品中蛋白质的测定， GB 5009. 5-2016. 北京：中国标准出版社， 2017.
9	National Health and Family Planning Commission of PRC. National food safety standard-Determination of fat in food， GB 5009. 6-2016. Beijing： Standards Press of China， 2017.
	国家卫生和计划生育委. 食品安全国家标准-食品中脂肪的测定， GB 5009. 6-2016. 北京：中国标准出版社， 2017.
10	National Health and Family Planning Commission of PRC. National food safety standard-Determination of ash in food， GB 5009. 4-2016. Beijing： Standards Press of China， 2017.
	国家卫生和计划生育委. 食品安全国家标准-食品中灰分的测定， GB 5009. 4-2016. 北京：中国标准出版社， 2017.
11	Hao L Z. Effect of supplementary feeding in warm season on meat quality of yaks and underlying mechanisms. Lanzhou： Lanzhou University， 2019.
	郝力壮. 牦牛暖季补饲对改善肉品质的作用及机理研究. 兰州：兰州大学， 2019.
12	National Health and Family Planning Commission of PRC. National food safety standard-Determination of amino acids in food， GB 5009. 124-2016. Beijing： Standards Press of China， 2017.
	国家卫生和计划生育委. 食品安全国家标准-食品中氨基酸的测定， GB 5009. 124-2016. 北京：中国标准出版社， 2017.
13	National Health and Family Planning Commission of PRC. National food safety standard-Determination of fatty acids in food， GB 5009. 168-2016. Beijing： Standards Press of China， 2017.
	国家卫生和计划生育委. 食品安全国家标准-食品脂肪酸的测定， GB 5009. 168-2016. 北京：中国标准出版社， 2017.
14	National Health and Family Planning Commission of PRC. National food safety standard-Determination of cholesterol in food， GB 5009. 128-2016. Beijing： Standards Press of China， 2017.
	国家卫生和计划生育委. 食品安全国家标准-食品胆固醇的测定， GB 5009. 128-2016. 北京：中国标准出版社， 2017.
15	Lin M M， Zheng A H， Liu X D， et al. Effects of silage hybrid Broussonetia papyrifera replaced protein feed on the production performance of sheep. Journal of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine， 2018， 37（6）： 79-81.
	林萌萌，郑爱华，刘晓东，等. 青贮杂交构树替代蛋白饲料对肉羊生产性能的影响. 畜牧兽医杂志， 2018， 37（6）： 79-81.
16	Si B W， Xu W C， Guo J P， et al. Effect of Broussonetia papyrifera L. （paper mulberry） silage on growth performance，biochemical indexes of serum and fatty acid composition in the longissimus dorsi muscle in Dorper×Thin-tailed Han crossbred sheep. Acta Veterinaria et Zootechnica Sinica， 2019， 50（7）： 1424-1432.
	司丙文，徐文财，郭江鹏，等. 杂交构树青贮对杜寒杂交肉羊生产性能、血清指标及背最长肌脂肪酸组成的影响. 畜牧兽医学报， 2019， 50（7）： 1424-1432.
17	Li W L. Effects of mulberry leaves on performance， serum biochemical parameters， immune function， antioxidation and meat quality in meat sheep. Hohhot： Inner Mongolia Agricultural University， 2012.
	李伟玲. 桑叶对肉羊生产性能、血液生化指标、免疫抗氧化功能和肉品质的影响. 呼和浩特：内蒙古农业大学， 2012.
18	Wang T D， Niu K， Fan A N， et al. Dietary intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids alleviates cognition deficits and depression-like behaviour via cannabinoid system in sleep deprivation rats. Behavioural Brain Research， 2020， 384： 112-120.
19	Tiwar U， Kerr B， Jha R. Nutrient and amino acids digestibility of animal protein byproduct in swine， determined using an in vitro model. Journal of Animal Science， 2018， 96： 312-313.
20	Mirzaei-alamouti H， Moradi S， Shahal-izadeh Z， et al. Both monensin and plant extract alter ruminal fermentation in sheep but only monensin affects the expression of genes involved in acid-base transport of the ruminal epithelium. Animal Feed Science and Technology， 2016， 219： 132-143.
21	Li W C. Study of active ingredients of Broussonetia papyrifera leaves and effects of bacteriostasis. Wuhan： Huazhong University of Science and Technology， 2008.
	李万仓. 构树叶活性成分分析及抑菌作用研究. 武汉：华中科技大学， 2008.
22	Si B W， Tao H， Zhang X L， et al. Effect of Broussonetia papyrifera L. （paper mulberry） silage on dry matter intake， milk composition， antioxidant capacity and milk fatty acid profile in dairy cows. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences， 2018， 31（8）： 1259-1266.
23	Huang W， Chen S H， Liu Y， et al. Lmmunomodulatory effects of total flavonoids of Broussonetia papyrifera on immunosuppressed mouse. Chinese Journal of Modern Applied Pharmacy， 2017， 34（1）： 8-11.
	黄伟，陈绍红，刘铀，等. 构树总黄酮对免疫抑制小鼠免疫功能的影响. 中国现代应用药学， 2017， 34（1）： 8-11.
24	Wang H， Chen X Y， Ning J， et al. Progress on regulation effects of flavonoids on immune-related signaling pathways. Progress in Veterinary Medicine， 2019， 40（12）： 102-105.
	王虹，陈晓云，宁静，等. 黄酮类化合物对免疫相关信号通路的调控作用研究进展. 动物医学进展， 2019， 40（12）： 102-105.
25	Sánchez B， Gueimonde M， Peň A S， et al. Intestinal microbiota as modulators of the immune system. Journal of Immunology Research， 2015， 10： 1590-1594.
26	Xu M Z， Zhang Y， Yan H L， et al. Effects of soybean isoflavones on skeletal muscle development and its regulation of meat quality in animals. Chinese Journal of Animal Science， 2019， 55（6）： 15-19.
	许铭洙，张勇，严鸿林，等. 大豆异黄酮对骨骼肌发育的影响及其对动物肉品质的调控作用.中国畜牧杂志， 2019， 55（6）： 15-19.
27	Zhang X， Zhu S Z， Yang Q， et al. Effects of Broussonetia papyrifera fermented diet on growth performance， carcass quality and meat quality of Xiangsha pigs commercial line of commercial pigs. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition， 2019， 31（12）： 5760-5771.
	张兴，朱少中，杨旗，等. 构树发酵饲料对湘沙猪配套系商品猪生长性能、胴体品质和肌肉品质的影响. 动物营养学报， 2019， 31（12）： 5760-5771.
28	Jia Y Z， Yi G H， Wang G J， et al. Effects of mulberry leaf feed on productive performance and meat quality of cashmere wether. Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology， 2017， 38（11）： 27-31.
	贾亚洲，宜光辉，王国军，等. 桑叶饲料对绒山羊羯羊生产性能及肉品质的影响. 家畜生态学报， 2017， 38（11）： 27-31.
29	Qu P B. Effects of mulberry leaf flavonoids and candida tropical on growth performance， slaughter performance， meat quality and blood biochemical index in calves. Tianjin： Hebei University of Engineering， 2015.
	曲培滨. 桑叶黄酮和热带假丝对犊牛生长性能、屠宰性能、肉品质及血清指标的影响. 天津：河北工程大学， 2015.
30	Sun J S. Effects of dietary copper levels on meat quality and muscle and body fat CLA regulation of Tan mutton. Yinchuan： Ningxia University， 2019.
	孙劲松. 不同铜水平饲粮对滩羊肉品质及肌肉和体脂CLA调控的影响. 银川：宁夏大学， 2019.
31	Tang F， Chen N Z， Zhao M L， et al. Identification and functional divergence analysis of WOX gene family in paper mulberry. International Journal of Molecular Sciences， 2017， 18（8）： 1782-1796.
32	Lorenzo J M， Franco D. Fat effect on physico-chemical， microbial and textural changes through the manufactured of dry-cured foal sausage lipolysis， proteolysis and sensory properties. Meat Science， 2012， 92（4）： 704-714.
33	Tao H， Si B W， Xu W C， et al. Effect of Broussonetia papyrifera L. silage on blood biochemical parameters， growth performance， meat amino acids and fatty acids compositions in beef cattle. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences， 2020， 33（5）： 732-741.
34	Liu W J， Ao C J， Ding H， et al. Effects of different feed additives on fatty acid composition and oxidation stability of body fat in Dorper×Thin-Tailed Han crossbred mutton lambs. Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition， 2018， 30（9）： 3759-3771.
	刘旺景，敖长金，丁赫，等. 不同饲料添加剂对杜寒杂交肉羊体脂脂肪酸组成和氧化稳定性的影响. 动物营养学报， 2018， 30（9）： 3759-3771.
35	Li D. Food nutrition. Beijing： Chemical Industry Press， 2010.
	李铎. 食品营养学. 北京：化学工业出版社， 2010.
36	Cottin S C， Alsaleh A， Sanders T A， et al. Lack of effect of supplementation with EPA or DHA on platelet-monocyte aggregates and vascular function in healthy men. Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases， 2016， 26（8）： 743-751.

项目Items	CG	LG	MG	HG
原料Ingredient
玉米Corn (%)	16.6	21.5	28.2	36.8
豆粕Soybean meal (%)	26.7	23.5	20.2	17.7
麦麸Wheat bran (%)	8.1	7.3	7.0	3.3
玉米黄贮Yellow corn silage (%)	45.7	39.3	30.7	22.5
构树青贮Paper mulberry silage (%)	0.0	6.0	12.0	18.0
石粉Limestone (%)	1.2	0.7	0.2	0.0
食盐NaCl (%)	0.7	0.7	0.7	0.7
预混料Premix^1）	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0
合计Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
营养水平Nutrient levels^2）
代谢能Matabolic energy (MJ·kg^-1)	10.38	10.35	10.35	10.36
粗蛋白CP (%)	17.42	17.40	17.41	17.40
中性洗涤纤维NDF (%)	20.50	19.47	18.23	15.95
酸性洗涤纤维ADF (%)	11.06	10.58	9.87	8.90
钙Ca (%)	0.60	0.61	0.61	0.64
磷P (%)	0.34	0.33	0.33	0.31

项目Items	CG	LG	MG	HG
原料Ingredient
玉米Corn (%)	16.6	21.5	28.2	36.8
豆粕Soybean meal (%)	26.7	23.5	20.2	17.7
麦麸Wheat bran (%)	8.1	7.3	7.0	3.3
玉米黄贮Yellow corn silage (%)	45.7	39.3	30.7	22.5
构树青贮Paper mulberry silage (%)	0.0	6.0	12.0	18.0
石粉Limestone (%)	1.2	0.7	0.2	0.0
食盐NaCl (%)	0.7	0.7	0.7	0.7
预混料Premix^1）	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0
合计Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
营养水平Nutrient levels^2）
代谢能Matabolic energy (MJ·kg^-1)	10.38	10.35	10.35	10.36
粗蛋白CP (%)	17.42	17.40	17.41	17.40
中性洗涤纤维NDF (%)	20.50	19.47	18.23	15.95
酸性洗涤纤维ADF (%)	11.06	10.58	9.87	8.90
钙Ca (%)	0.60	0.61	0.61	0.64
磷P (%)	0.34	0.33	0.33	0.31

项目Items	CG	LG	MG	HG	P
始重Initial weight （kg）	23.50±1.89	25.00±1.60	24.67±0.88	23.50±1.15	0.649
末重Final weight （kg）	46.20±1.70	47.17±2.69	47.08±3.13	44.60±0.78	0.853
平均日增重ADG （kg）	0.252±0.03	0.246±0.02	0.249±0.04	0.234±0.01	0.982
平均干物质采食量ADMI （kg）	1.33±0.3	1.35±0.1	1.37±0.5	1.35±0.2	0.635
饲粮价格 Price of diet （元Yuan·kg^-1）	1.67	1.52	1.43	1.35
增重效益 Gain benefit （元Yuan）	549.20±31.51	546.93±27.46	563.21±22.60	532.28±42.08	0.775

项目Items	CG	LG	MG	HG	P
始重Initial weight （kg）	23.50±1.89	25.00±1.60	24.67±0.88	23.50±1.15	0.649
末重Final weight （kg）	46.20±1.70	47.17±2.69	47.08±3.13	44.60±0.78	0.853
平均日增重ADG （kg）	0.252±0.03	0.246±0.02	0.249±0.04	0.234±0.01	0.982
平均干物质采食量ADMI （kg）	1.33±0.3	1.35±0.1	1.37±0.5	1.35±0.2	0.635
饲粮价格 Price of diet （元Yuan·kg^-1）	1.67	1.52	1.43	1.35
增重效益 Gain benefit （元Yuan）	549.20±31.51	546.93±27.46	563.21±22.60	532.28±42.08	0.775

项目Items	CG	LG	MG	HG	P
总蛋白Total protein （TP, mg·mL^-1）	48.33±3.54	55.81±6.07	53.91±4.86	57.83±5.29	0.597
尿素氮Urea nitrogen （UN, mmol·L^-1）	26.50±1.12a	20.80±1.20b	21.83±1.47b	19.00±1.13b	0.016
血氨Blood ammonia （BA, μmol·L^-1）	171.77±1.94	170.03±18.35	183.23±12.40	159.80±11.89	0.645
谷丙转氨酶Alanine aminotransferase alt （ALT, U·L^-1）	28.30±1.90	25.03±1.46	21.07±1.64	22.83±1.02	0.620
谷草转氨酶Aspartate aminotransferase （AST, U·L^-1）	34.97±1.13	37.47±1.79	35.80±1.35	36.83±0.77	0.261
免疫球蛋白G Immunoglobulin G （IgG, μg·mL^-1）	510.70±72.08b	652.97±30.76ab	661.93±37.37a	728.57±16.81a	0.044
免疫球蛋白A Immunoglobulin A （IgA, μg·mL^-1）	222.53±22.92b	261.57±22.32ab	291.63±17.67a	288.00±11.85a	0.027
免疫球蛋白M Immunoglobulin M （IgM, μg·mL^-1）	1006.90±52.48b	1136.63±20.24ab	1280.23±21.38a	1261.63±51.57a	0.036
γ-干扰素Interferon （IFN-γ, pg·mL^-1）	749.57±30.19	766.67±41.36	730.40±72.06	771.60±97.47	0.969
白细胞介素-1 Interleukin-1 （IL-1, pg·mL^-1）	409.83±22.45	370.80±59.13	388.53±54.09	394.93±52.51	0.953
白细胞介素-2 Interleukin-1 （IL-2, pg·mL^-1）	1087.33±16.83a	960.93±40.80ab	959.37±63.73ab	938.33±24.27b	0.018