Numerical classification and ordination of the desert steppe plant community in Etuokeqianqi， Inner Mongolia

doi:10.11686/cyxb2021007

Abstract

Abstract:

It is very important in grassland scientific management and biodiversity protection to understand the grassland community types， and their distribution and relationship with edaphic factors. In this research， 100 sample sites on the desert steppe of Etuokeqianqi in Inner Mongolia were investigated. We used two-way indicator species analysis （TWINSPAN） to classify the plant communities， and canonical correspondence analysis （CCA） to analyze the relationship between plant communities and soil factors. It was found that： 1） The flora types of desert steppe in the study area can be divided into Artemisia ordosica+Stipa breviflora， S. breviflora+Achnatherum splendens， Agropyron cristatum+A. splendens， A. ordosica+Sophora alpecuroides， Caragana liouana+Lespedeza potaninii， S. breviflora+Oxytropis aciphylla， S. alopecuroides+S. breviflora， Stipa grandis+Nitraria tangutorum. 2） CCA ordination results showed that the correlation between soil physical and chemical factors and the plant species ordination axis was driven by alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen， available potassium， total phosphorus， soil bulk density， total nitrogen， available phosphorus， organic matter and total carbon. Alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen and available potassium had the greatest impact on the distribution of plant communities at the study site. 3） The combination of TWINSPAN classification and CCA ordination elucidates the relationship between community distribution patterns and environmental factors， and thus provides reference information for ecological management and decisions fostering sustainable utilization of desert steppe in Etuokeqianqi， Inner Mongolia.

Key words: desert steppe, community classification, CCA ordination, soil factors

Ling JIN, Ying LU, Hong-bin MA, Ying-zhong XIE, Yan SHEN. Numerical classification and ordination of the desert steppe plant community in Etuokeqianqi， Inner Mongolia[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2022, 31(4): 12-21.

Figures/Tables 7

References 35

1	Fernando V， Bastias C C， Oscar G. Species coexistence in a changing world. Frontiers in Plant Science， 2015， 6： 1-15.
2	Zhao C J， Kang M Y， Lei J Q. Relationships between plant community characteristics and environmental factors in the typical profiles from Dzungaria Basin. Acta Ecologica Sinica， 2011， 31（10）： 2669-2677.
	赵从举，康慕谊，雷加强. 准噶尔盆地典型地段植物群落及其与环境因子的关系. 生态学报， 2011， 31（10）： 2669-2677.
3	Zhang F， Zhang J T， Zhang F. Pattern of forest vegetation and its environmental interpretation in Zhuweigou， Lishan Mountain Nature Reserve， Acta Ecologica Sinica， 2003， 23（3）： 421-427.
	张峰，张金屯，张峰. 历山自然保护区猪尾沟森林群落植被格局及环境解释. 生态学报， 2003， 23（3）： 421-427.
4	Ahmad S S， Quratulann. Vegetation classification in Ayubia National Park， Pakistan using ordination methods. Pakistan Journal of Botany， 2011， 43（5）： 2315-2321.
5	Bai X H， Zhang J T， Cao K， et al. Relationship between forest communities and the environment in the Xiaowutai Mountain National Nature Reserve， Hebei. Acta Ecologica Sinica， 2017， 37（11）： 3683-3696.
	白晓航，张金屯，曹科，等. 河北小五台山国家级自然保护区森林群落与环境的关系. 生态学报， 2017， 37（11）： 3683-3696.
6	Liu R H， Tu H R， Li J F， et al. Numerical classification and ordination of Cyclobalanopsis glauca communities in karst hills of Guilin， Southwest China. Acta Ecologica Sinica， 2019， 39（22）： 8595-8605.
	刘润红，涂洪润，李娇凤，等. 桂林岩溶石山青冈群落数量分类与排序. 生态学报， 2019， 39（22）： 8595-8605.
7	Zhang J T. Quantitative ecology. Beijing： Science Press， 2004.
	张金屯. 数量生态学. 北京：科学出版社， 2004.
8	Han J W， Wang J， Zhang X， et al. Numerical classification and ordination of the plant community in Xiaoqinling National Nature Reserve. Henan Science， 2015， 33（4）： 547-552.
	韩军旺，王进，张旭，等. 小秦岭国家级自然保护区植物群落数量分类与排序. 河南科学， 2015， 33（4）： 547-552.
9	Ma K P， Chen L Z， Yu S L， et al. Study on the diversity of plant communities in Dongling Mountain area of Beijing Ⅰ. basic types of plant communities//Research progress of biodiversity- proceedings of the first national symposium on biodiversity conservation and sustainable utilization biodiversity committee. Beijing： Chinese Academy of Sciences， 1994.
	马克平，陈灵芝，于顺利，等. 北京东灵山地区植物群落多样性的研究Ⅰ植物群落的基本类型//生物多样性研究进展——首届全国生物多样性保护与持续利用研讨会论文集.北京：中国科学院， 1994.
10	Lai J S， Mi X C. Ordination analysis of ecological data using Vegan package in R//Proceedings of the 9th national biodiversity conservation and sustainable utilization symposium. Xiamen： International Biodiversity Program China Committee， Bureau of Life Sciences and Biotechnology， Chinese Academy of Sciences， 2010.
	赖江山，米湘成. 基于Vegan软件包的生态学数据排序分析//第九届全国生物多样性保护与持续利用研讨会论文集. 厦门：国际生物多样性计划中国委员会，中国科学院生命科学与生物技术局， 2010.
11	Vittoz P， Bayfield N， Brooker R， et al. Reproducibility of species lists， visual cover estimates and frequency methods for recording high‐mountain vegetation. Journal of Vegetation Science， 2010， 21（6）： 1035-1047.
12	Lu B， Bu L G， Si Q B L G. Countermeasures and suggestions for promoting the sustainable development of family farms and pastures in Inner Mongolia——A case study of Etuoke Qianqi in Ordos city. Modern Agriculture， 2019（8）： 12-14.
	陆斌，布拉格，斯庆毕力格.推进内蒙古家庭农牧场可持续发展的对策建议——以鄂尔多斯市鄂托克前旗为例. 现代农业， 2019（8）： 12-14.
13	Ermakov N， Makhatkov I. Classification and ordination of north boreal light-coniferous forests of the West Siberian Plain. Plant Biosystems， 2011， 145（S）： 199-207.
14	Liu B， Pan C D， Li G H， et al. Quantitative classification and sequencing of communities in pyrogenic succession of Kanas Taiga. Ecology and Environmental Sciences， 2019， 28（10）： 1961-1973.
	刘博，潘存德，李贵华，等. 喀纳斯泰加林火成演替群落数量分类与排序.生态环境学报， 2019， 28（10）： 1961-1973.
15	Bao X T， Ding L B， Yao S C， et al. Quantitative classification and ordination of grassland communities on the Lhasa River Basin， 2019， 39（3）： 779-786.
	包小婷，丁陆彬，姚帅臣，等. 拉萨河流域植物群落的数量分类与排序.生态学报， 2019， 39（3）： 779-786.
16	Wang L， Song N P， Chen L， et al. Increase in soil coarse sand content and decrease in soil nutrient levels accompany the transformation of perennial communities to annual communities in desert grassland. Acta Prataculturae Sinica， 2020， 29（11）： 183-189.
	王磊，宋乃平，陈林，等. 荒漠草原土壤粗质化和养分减少伴随多年生群落转变为一年生群落. 草业学报， 2020， 29（11）： 183-189.
17	Liu B， Zhao W Z， Liu Z L， et al. Changes in species diversity， aboveground biomass，and vegetation cover along an afforestation successional gradient in a semiarid desert steppe of China. Ecological Engineering， 2015， 81（4）： 301-311.
18	Wang T， Wang J S， Ding Y K， et al. Quantitative classification and ordination of plant communities in the upper and middle reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River Basin. Journal of Resources and Ecology， 2019， 10（4）： 389-396.
19	Zhao P， Qu J J， Xu X Y， et al. Desert vegetation distribution and species-environment relationships in an oasis-desert ecotone of northwestern China. Journal of Arid Land， 2019， 11（3）： 461-476.
20	Wang Z R， Yang G J， Yi S H， et al. Effects of environmental factors on the distribution of plant communities in a semi-arid region of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Ecological Research， 2012， 27（4）： 667-675.
21	Wu H， Zhang M X， Wang D X， et al. Diversity characteristics in different layers of the of Pinus tabuliformis-Quercus aliena var. accuteserrata mixed forest and environmental interpretation in the southern slope of Qinling Mountains. Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica， 2013， 33（10）： 2086-2094.
	吴昊，张明霞，王得祥，等. 秦岭南坡油松-锐齿槲栎混交林群落不同层次多样性特征及环境解释. 西北植物学报， 2013， 33（10）： 2086-2094.
22	Suriguga， Zhang J T， Zhang B， et al. Numerical classification and ordination of forest communities in the Songshan Nature Reserve. Acta Ecologica Sinica， 2010， 30（10）： 2621-2629.
	苏日古嘎，张金屯，张斌，等. 松山自然保护区森林群落的数量分类和排序.生态学报， 2010， 30（10）： 2621-2629.
23	Xinjiang Comprehensive Investigation Team of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Botany of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Xinjiang vegetation and its utilization. Beijing： Science Press， 1978： 44-65.
	中国科学院新疆综合考察队，中国科学院植物研究所. 新疆植被及其利用. 北京：科学出版社， 1978： 44-65.
24	Wang Y C， Zhou Y F， Wang D X. The quantitative classification and environmental interpretation of forest communities in the middle area of south slope of Qinling Mountains. Ecology and Environment Sciences， 2016， 25（6）： 965-972.
	王宇超，周亚福，王得祥.秦岭南坡中段主要森林群落类型划分及环境梯度解释.生态环境学报， 2016， 25（6）： 965-972.
25	Zheng T Y， Wang D， Ji L T， et al. Classification， ordination and diversity pattern of typical forest communities in Taibai Mountain Nature Reserve. Acta Ecologica Sinica， 2020， 40（20）： 7353-7361.
	郑天义，王丹，姬柳婷，等.太白山自然保护区典型森林群落数量分类、排序及多样性格局.生态学报， 2020， 40（20）： 7353-7361.
26	Yao S C， Wang J S， Ding L B， et al. Quantitative classification and ordination of grassland communities in Lhasa River Valley. Acta Ecologica Sinica， 2018， 38（13）： 4779-4788.
	姚帅臣，王景升，丁陆彬，等. 拉萨河谷草地群落的数量分类与排序.生态学报， 2018， 38（13）： 4779-4788.
27	Tang Z H， Yu Q S， Liu H J， et al. Characteristics of alpine vegetation community and its relationship to topographical climate factors in the eastern Qilian Mountain. Acta Ecologica Sinica， 2020， 40（1）： 223-232.
	唐志红，尉秋实，刘虎俊，等. 祁连山东段高寒植被群落特征及其与地形气候因子关系研究.生态学报， 2020， 40（1）： 223-232.
28	Dong L S， Zhang X D， Zhou J X， et al. Quantitative classification and ordination of shrub species and communities in a loess landscape of western Shanxi. Acta Ecologica Sinica， 2007， 27（7）： 3072-3080.
	董林水，张旭东，周金星，等. 晋西黄土丘陵与土石山区交错地带灌木种的数量分类与排序. 生态学报， 2007， 27（7）： 3072-3080.
29	Kneitel J M， Lessin C L. Ecosystem-phase interactions： aquatic eutrophication decreases terrestrial plant diversity in California vernal pools. Oecologia， 2010， 163（2）： 461-469.
30	Zhang J Q， Li Q， Ren Z W， et al. Effects of nitrogen addition on species richness and relationship between species richness and aboveground productivity of alpine meadow of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau， China. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology， 2010，34（10）： 1125-1131.
	张杰琦，李奇，任正炜，等. 氮素添加对青藏高原高寒草甸植物群落物种丰富度及其与地上生产力关系的影响. 植物生态学报， 2010， 34（10）： 1125-1131.
31	Wang Y Q， Yin Y L， Li S X. Physicochemical properties and enzymatic activities of alpine meadow at different degradation degrees. Ecology and Environmental Sciences， 2019， 28（6）： 1108-1116.
	王玉琴，尹亚丽，李世雄. 不同退化程度高寒草甸土壤理化性质及酶活性分析. 生态环境学报， 2019， 28（6）： 1108-1116.
32	Jin W， Alistair R， Albert L P， et al. Leaf reflectance spectroscopy captures variation in carboxylation capacity across species， canopy environment and leaf age in lowland moist tropical forests. New Phytologist， 2019， 224： 663-674.
33	Wang T， Yang Y H， Ma W H， Storage，patterns and environmental controls of soil phosphorus in China.Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis， 2008， 44（6）： 945-952.
	汪涛，杨元合，马文红. 中国土壤磷库的大小、分布及其影响因素. 北京大学学报（自然科学版）， 2008， 44（6）： 945-952.
34	Li T T， Zhang Q D， Duan X M， et al. Comparative study concerning the effects of rare species treatment on RDA ordination. Guihaia， 2015， 35（4）： 539-545.
	李婷婷，张钦弟，段晓梅，等. 稀有种处理对RDA排序结果影响的比较研究. 广西植物， 2015， 35（4）： 539-545.
35	Xu G C， Kang M Y， Ma M， et al. The relationship between herbaceous vegetation and environment in middle reach of Halaqingou stream valley， Mt. Daqingshan， Inner Mongolia. Journal of Mountain Science， 2007， 25（4）： 393-399.
	徐广才，康慕谊，马敏，等. 内蒙古大青山哈拉沁沟流域中游草本植被与环境的关系. 山地学报， 2007， 25（4）： 393-399.

指标Index	第1轴The first axis	第2轴The second axis	第3轴The third axis	第4轴The fourth axis
特征值Eigenvalues	0.4998	0.3147	0.1953	0.1465
累计解释变量Explained variation cumulative	5.03	8.20	10.17	11.65
非典型相关Pseudo-canonical correlation	0.7898	0.7781	0.7153	0.6216
累计解释拟合变量Explained fitted variation cumulative （%）	33.87	55.20	68.44	78.37

指标Index	第1轴The first axis	第2轴The second axis	第3轴The third axis	第4轴The fourth axis
特征值Eigenvalues	0.4998	0.3147	0.1953	0.1465
累计解释变量Explained variation cumulative	5.03	8.20	10.17	11.65
非典型相关Pseudo-canonical correlation	0.7898	0.7781	0.7153	0.6216
累计解释拟合变量Explained fitted variation cumulative （%）	33.87	55.20	68.44	78.37

土壤因子 Soil factor	解释变量 Explains （%）	贡献值 Contribution （%）	置换检验 Pseudo-F	显著性 P	土壤因子 Soil factor	解释变量 Explains （%）	贡献值 Contribution （%）	置换检验 Pseudo-F	显著性 P
H₆	4.6	30.8	4.7	0.006	H₇	1.4	9.1	1.4	0.064
H₃	2.9	19.4	3.0	0.002	H₄	1.0	6.8	1.1	0.324
H₈	1.7	11.3	1.8	0.010	H₅	1.0	6.6	1.1	0.376
H₁	1.6	11.1	1.8	0.008	H₂	0.7	4.9	0.8	0.780

土壤因子 Soil factor	解释变量 Explains （%）	贡献值 Contribution （%）	置换检验 Pseudo-F	显著性 P	土壤因子 Soil factor	解释变量 Explains （%）	贡献值 Contribution （%）	置换检验 Pseudo-F	显著性 P
H₆	4.6	30.8	4.7	0.006	H₇	1.4	9.1	1.4	0.064
H₃	2.9	19.4	3.0	0.002	H₄	1.0	6.8	1.1	0.324
H₈	1.7	11.3	1.8	0.010	H₅	1.0	6.6	1.1	0.376
H₁	1.6	11.1	1.8	0.008	H₂	0.7	4.9	0.8	0.780

[1]	Fang-fang NI, Shi-jie LV, Zhi-qiang QU, Lu BAI, Biao MENG, Bo-han ZHANG, Zhi-guo LI. Effects of vegetation characteristics of desert steppe in the non-growing season on near-surface dust flux under different stocking rates [J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2022, 31(3): 26-33.
[2]	Feng ZHANG, Jia-wei SUN, Yu SUN, Jia-hua ZHENG, Ji-rong QIAO, Meng-li ZHAO. Effects of different stocking rates on interspecific relationships among dominant species and their spatial distribution characteristics in the Stipa breviflora desert steppe [J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2021, 30(8): 1-11.
[3]	Xu-dong WU, Qi JIANG, Xiao-bin REN, Hong-qian YU, Zhan-jun WANG, Jian-long HE, Bo JI, Jian-min DU. Effects of precipitation on carbon， nitrogen and microbial characteristics of biological soil crusts in a desert steppe of Northern China [J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2021, 30(7): 34-43.
[4]	Ying MA, Zhi-hao XU, Qiao-hong ZENG, Jian-long MENG, Ya-hu HU, Jie-qiong SU. Impact of nitrogen addition on stoichiometric characteristics of herbaceous species in desert steppe [J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2021, 30(6): 64-72.
[5]	Zhong-ju MENG, Yan-jie CHEN, Si-qin BAO. Characteristics of community patches under three grazing modes in Sunite Desert-steppe [J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2021, 30(4): 13-23.
[6]	Ji-xiong GU, Tian-dou GUO, Hong-mei WANG, Xue-ying LI, Dan-ni LIANG, Qing-lian YANG, Jin-yue GAO. Responses of soil microbes across an anthropogenic transition from desert steppe grassland to shrubland in eastern Ningxia [J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2021, 30(4): 46-57.
[7]	Mei XIONG, Ji-rong QIAO, Yang YANG, Feng ZHANG, Jia-hua ZHENG, Jian-xin WU, Meng-li ZHAO. Stocking rate effects on stoichiometric characteristics of the steppe grassland pioneer species Stipabreviflora and its underlying soil [J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2021, 30(2): 212-219.
[8]	Jing-jing ZHANG, Zun-chi LIU, Chuang YAN, Yun-xia WANG, Kai LIU, Xin-rong SHI, Zhi-you YUAN. Effects of soil pH on soil carbon， nitrogen， and phosphorus ecological stoichiometry in three types of steppe [J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2021, 30(2): 69-81.
[9]	Chao LUO, Xiao-ping GUO, Chang-dong FENG, Jin-peng YE, Dong-ming XUE. The characteristics of the soil seed bank in Wuhai and surrounding areas and the relationship with vegetation and soil factors [J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2021, 30(11): 13-28.
[10]	LI Jing, HONG Mei, YAN Jin, ZHANG Yu-chen, LIANG Zhi-wei, YE He, GAO Hai-yan, ZHAO Bayinnamula. The response of vegetation community structure and biomass in Stipa breviflora desert steppe to water and nitrogen [J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2020, 29(9): 38-48.
[11]	WAN Fang, MENG Zhong-ju, DANG Xiao-hong, WANG Rui-dong, ZHANG Hui-min. C, N and P ecological stoichiometry characteristics of a Stipa species plant-soil system subject to grazing exclusion in a desert steppe [J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2020, 29(9): 49-55.
[12]	SUN Shi-xian, DING Yong, LI Xia-zi, WU Xin-hong, YAN Zhi-jian, YIN Qiang, LI Jin-zhuo. Effects of seasonal regulation of grazing intensity on soil erosion in desert steppe grassland [J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2020, 29(7): 23-29.
[13]	XU Ai-yun, XU Dong-mei, CAO Bing, LIU Jin-long, YU-Shuang, GUO Yan-ju, MA Xiao-jing. Spatial distribution patterns and interspecific relationships of Agropyron mongolicum populations in different desert steppe communities in Ningxia [J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2020, 29(3): 171-178.
[14]	Zhan-jun WANG, Kun MA, Hui-zhen CUI, Guang-wen LI, Hong-qian YU, Qi JIANG. Correlations between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and distribution of main grassland types in Ningxia [J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2020, 29(12): 150-160.
[15]	Hai-tao CHANG, Ren-tao LIU, Wei CHEN, An-ning ZHANG, Xiao-an ZUO. Distribution of ground-active arthropod community structure after introduction of Caragana korshinskii into Reaumuria soongorica shrubland on the Urat desert steppe， Inner Mongolia [J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2020, 29(12): 188-197.