Acta Prataculturae Sinica ›› 2022, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (4): 43-52.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2021019
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Li-min GAO(), Chun CHEN, Yi-xin SHEN()
Received:
2021-01-20
Revised:
2021-07-05
Online:
2022-04-20
Published:
2022-01-25
Contact:
Yi-xin SHEN
Li-min GAO, Chun CHEN, Yi-xin SHEN. Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer rates on forage dry matter yield and regrowth of alfalfa in seasonal cultivation systems[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2022, 31(4): 43-52.
处理 Treatments | 干物质产量 Forage dry matter yield (kg·hm-2) | 株高 Plant height (cm) | 一级分枝数 Shoot number | 叶面积 Leaf area (m2·hm-2) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2018 | 2019 | 2018 | 2019 | 2018 | 2019 | 2018 | 2019 | |
P0N0 | 4096fg | 4428e | 49.50ef | 32.84g | 2.00c | 1.75bcdef | 40097def | 21034ghi |
P0N1 | 3375g | 5665cde | 63.35bcd | 38.97efg | 2.20c | 1.83bcdef | 27259f | 15930i |
P0N2 | 4533ef | 6955bc | 64.56bcd | 44.30def | 2.93c | 2.17bcd | 76270b | 29256bcd |
P0N3 | 6105c | 6712bcd | 57.76cde | 40.83efg | 3.40bc | 1.42def | 73059bc | 26442ghi |
P1N0 | 3912fg | 4598de | 38.45g | 36.72fg | 3.27bc | 1.25ef | 36947f | 15279hi |
P1N1 | 4638ef | 5460cde | 51.93ef | 34.80fg | 5.00a | 1.83bcdef | 56077bcd | 24400fghi |
P1N2 | 5632cd | 8304ab | 55.79cde | 49.02cde | 5.20a | 1.58cdef | 67582bcd | 33067abc |
P1N3 | 7718b | 7268bc | 71.91ab | 55.18abcd | 4.87ab | 2.25bcd | 86037a | 28540bcd |
P2N0 | 4073fg | 5750cde | 54.25de | 40.39efg | 2.80c | 2.42abc | 39956ef | 19922efgh |
P2N1 | 8424ab | 7471bc | 65.09abc | 39.71efg | 1.93c | 1.92bcdef | 65403bcd | 22406ghi |
P2N2 | 8311ab | 8512ab | 62.41bcd | 45.71def | 2.53c | 1.17f | 91705a | 25461fghi |
P2N3 | 8398ab | 8323ab | 73.93a | 52.34cd | 5.47a | 3.08a | 74188b | 21481abc |
P3N0 | 5100de | 7072bc | 54.82de | 57.45abc | 2.60c | 2.08bcde | 63022bcd | 36461ab |
P3N1 | 8670a | 9950a | 68.44ab | 65.43abc | 2.80c | 1.83bcdef | 121390a | 41234ab |
P3N2 | 8696a | 10093a | 70.21ab | 70.21a | 3.27bc | 2.50ab | 88658a | 45876a |
P3N3 | 8702a | 8864ab | 68.61ab | 68.61ab | 4.73ab | 1.92bcdef | 73415bc | 40759ab |
P | *** | *** | *** | *** | *** | ns | *** | *** |
N | *** | *** | *** | *** | *** | ns | *** | *** |
P×N | *** | ns | *** | * | ns | *** | *** | *** |
Table 1 Effects of N and P fertilizer on the forage dry matter yield and yield components of alfalfa
处理 Treatments | 干物质产量 Forage dry matter yield (kg·hm-2) | 株高 Plant height (cm) | 一级分枝数 Shoot number | 叶面积 Leaf area (m2·hm-2) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2018 | 2019 | 2018 | 2019 | 2018 | 2019 | 2018 | 2019 | |
P0N0 | 4096fg | 4428e | 49.50ef | 32.84g | 2.00c | 1.75bcdef | 40097def | 21034ghi |
P0N1 | 3375g | 5665cde | 63.35bcd | 38.97efg | 2.20c | 1.83bcdef | 27259f | 15930i |
P0N2 | 4533ef | 6955bc | 64.56bcd | 44.30def | 2.93c | 2.17bcd | 76270b | 29256bcd |
P0N3 | 6105c | 6712bcd | 57.76cde | 40.83efg | 3.40bc | 1.42def | 73059bc | 26442ghi |
P1N0 | 3912fg | 4598de | 38.45g | 36.72fg | 3.27bc | 1.25ef | 36947f | 15279hi |
P1N1 | 4638ef | 5460cde | 51.93ef | 34.80fg | 5.00a | 1.83bcdef | 56077bcd | 24400fghi |
P1N2 | 5632cd | 8304ab | 55.79cde | 49.02cde | 5.20a | 1.58cdef | 67582bcd | 33067abc |
P1N3 | 7718b | 7268bc | 71.91ab | 55.18abcd | 4.87ab | 2.25bcd | 86037a | 28540bcd |
P2N0 | 4073fg | 5750cde | 54.25de | 40.39efg | 2.80c | 2.42abc | 39956ef | 19922efgh |
P2N1 | 8424ab | 7471bc | 65.09abc | 39.71efg | 1.93c | 1.92bcdef | 65403bcd | 22406ghi |
P2N2 | 8311ab | 8512ab | 62.41bcd | 45.71def | 2.53c | 1.17f | 91705a | 25461fghi |
P2N3 | 8398ab | 8323ab | 73.93a | 52.34cd | 5.47a | 3.08a | 74188b | 21481abc |
P3N0 | 5100de | 7072bc | 54.82de | 57.45abc | 2.60c | 2.08bcde | 63022bcd | 36461ab |
P3N1 | 8670a | 9950a | 68.44ab | 65.43abc | 2.80c | 1.83bcdef | 121390a | 41234ab |
P3N2 | 8696a | 10093a | 70.21ab | 70.21a | 3.27bc | 2.50ab | 88658a | 45876a |
P3N3 | 8702a | 8864ab | 68.61ab | 68.61ab | 4.73ab | 1.92bcdef | 73415bc | 40759ab |
P | *** | *** | *** | *** | *** | ns | *** | *** |
N | *** | *** | *** | *** | *** | ns | *** | *** |
P×N | *** | ns | *** | * | ns | *** | *** | *** |
处理 Treatments | 氮含量N content (%) | 磷含量P content (%) | 氮累积量N accumulation (kg·hm-2) | 磷累积量P accumulation (kg·hm-2) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2018 | 2019 | 2018 | 2019 | 2018 | 2019 | 2018 | 2019 | |
P0N0 | 2.15c | 2.61abcd | 0.17b | 0.21a | 87.90fg | 135.43efg | 7.03e | 9.33cde |
P0N1 | 2.14c | 2.61abcd | 0.19ab | 0.18ab | 72.16g | 149.50efg | 6.88e | 9.86cde |
P0N2 | 2.54a | 2.70abc | 0.22ab | 0.18ab | 114.79de | 187.17cde | 9.95cde | 12.48bcd |
P0N3 | 2.50a | 2.54bcde | 0.24ab | 0.13bc | 152.95c | 170.54def | 14.70abcd | 9.03cde |
P1N0 | 2.15c | 2.28g | 0.18ab | 0.17ab | 84.27g | 94.85g | 7.14e | 6.45e |
P1N1 | 2.44ab | 2.51bcdef | 0.21ab | 0.22a | 113.40e | 115.22fg | 9.17de | 9.80cde |
P1N2 | 2.40ab | 2.72ab | 0.27a | 0.19ab | 135.32cd | 225.96abcd | 15.10abcd | 15.44ab |
P1N3 | 2.54a | 2.62abcd | 0.23ab | 0.17ab | 196.17ab | 191.05cde | 19.30a | 12.51bcd |
P2N0 | 1.85d | 2.31fg | 0.23ab | 0.16bc | 75.51g | 139.14efg | 10.53cde | 9.33cde |
P2N1 | 2.26bc | 2.35efg | 0.22ab | 0.15bc | 190.41b | 136.31efg | 18.16ab | 8.65de |
P2N2 | 2.49a | 2.46defg | 0.28a | 0.19ab | 206.96ab | 143.36efg | 17.27abc | 10.74cde |
P2N3 | 2.52a | 2.49cdefg | 0.18ab | 0.15bc | 211.65ab | 149.72efg | 13.66abcde | 9.24cde |
P3N0 | 2.10c | 2.74ab | 0.23ab | 0.14bc | 107.47ef | 221.06bcd | 11.64bcde | 11.01bcde |
P3N1 | 2.35ab | 2.73ab | 0.16b | 0.14bc | 203.77ab | 271.25ab | 14.80abcd | 13.76bc |
P3N2 | 2.51a | 2.80a | 0.17b | 0.11c | 218.21a | 283.43a | 12.47abcde | 11.40bcde |
P3N3 | 2.52a | 2.64abcd | 0.24ab | 0.21a | 219.33a | 234.09abc | 18.90ab | 18.53a |
P | ** | ** | ns | ns | *** | *** | *** | *** |
N | *** | *** | ns | ns | *** | *** | *** | ** |
P×N | * | ** | ns | ns | *** | ns | ** | *** |
Table 2 Effects of N and P fertilizer on the content and accumulation of N and P
处理 Treatments | 氮含量N content (%) | 磷含量P content (%) | 氮累积量N accumulation (kg·hm-2) | 磷累积量P accumulation (kg·hm-2) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2018 | 2019 | 2018 | 2019 | 2018 | 2019 | 2018 | 2019 | |
P0N0 | 2.15c | 2.61abcd | 0.17b | 0.21a | 87.90fg | 135.43efg | 7.03e | 9.33cde |
P0N1 | 2.14c | 2.61abcd | 0.19ab | 0.18ab | 72.16g | 149.50efg | 6.88e | 9.86cde |
P0N2 | 2.54a | 2.70abc | 0.22ab | 0.18ab | 114.79de | 187.17cde | 9.95cde | 12.48bcd |
P0N3 | 2.50a | 2.54bcde | 0.24ab | 0.13bc | 152.95c | 170.54def | 14.70abcd | 9.03cde |
P1N0 | 2.15c | 2.28g | 0.18ab | 0.17ab | 84.27g | 94.85g | 7.14e | 6.45e |
P1N1 | 2.44ab | 2.51bcdef | 0.21ab | 0.22a | 113.40e | 115.22fg | 9.17de | 9.80cde |
P1N2 | 2.40ab | 2.72ab | 0.27a | 0.19ab | 135.32cd | 225.96abcd | 15.10abcd | 15.44ab |
P1N3 | 2.54a | 2.62abcd | 0.23ab | 0.17ab | 196.17ab | 191.05cde | 19.30a | 12.51bcd |
P2N0 | 1.85d | 2.31fg | 0.23ab | 0.16bc | 75.51g | 139.14efg | 10.53cde | 9.33cde |
P2N1 | 2.26bc | 2.35efg | 0.22ab | 0.15bc | 190.41b | 136.31efg | 18.16ab | 8.65de |
P2N2 | 2.49a | 2.46defg | 0.28a | 0.19ab | 206.96ab | 143.36efg | 17.27abc | 10.74cde |
P2N3 | 2.52a | 2.49cdefg | 0.18ab | 0.15bc | 211.65ab | 149.72efg | 13.66abcde | 9.24cde |
P3N0 | 2.10c | 2.74ab | 0.23ab | 0.14bc | 107.47ef | 221.06bcd | 11.64bcde | 11.01bcde |
P3N1 | 2.35ab | 2.73ab | 0.16b | 0.14bc | 203.77ab | 271.25ab | 14.80abcd | 13.76bc |
P3N2 | 2.51a | 2.80a | 0.17b | 0.11c | 218.21a | 283.43a | 12.47abcde | 11.40bcde |
P3N3 | 2.52a | 2.64abcd | 0.24ab | 0.21a | 219.33a | 234.09abc | 18.90ab | 18.53a |
P | ** | ** | ns | ns | *** | *** | *** | *** |
N | *** | *** | ns | ns | *** | *** | *** | ** |
P×N | * | ** | ns | ns | *** | ns | ** | *** |
Fig.1 The relationships between shoot nitrogen content, nitrogen accumulation, phosphate content, phosphate accumulation and forage dry matter yield of alfalfa
处理 Treatments | 刈割后第6天 After cutting for 6 d | 刈割后第12天After cutting for 12 d | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
芽数Bud number (×106·hm-2) | 再生芽芽长Shoot length (cm) | 叶面积Leaf area (m2·hm-2) | 芽数Bud number (×106·hm-2) | 再生芽芽长Shoot length (cm) | 叶面积Leaf area (m2·hm-2) | |||||||
2018 | 2019 | 2018 | 2019 | 2018 | 2019 | 2018 | 2019 | 2018 | 2019 | 2018 | 2019 | |
P0N0 | 11.78g | 10.43bcd | 3.30f | 7.70cd | 1470h | 5170efg | 14.92de | 10.16abcd | 9.19d | 15.19cdef | 18105e | 9325gh |
P0N1 | 11.48g | 10.14bcd | 5.35de | 7.62cd | 1367h | 5279efg | 13.78e | 10.14abcd | 14.32bc | 11.94f | 18024e | 9725gh |
P0N2 | 14.77efg | 10.57bcd | 6.54abcde | 7.94cd | 7031abcd | 6061defg | 22.69bc | 12.08abcd | 14.82bc | 15.31cdef | 40644abc | 13500ef |
P0N3 | 20.31cdef | 14.26a | 6.59abcde | 6.38d | 7341abcd | 6268defg | 20.35bcde | 14.60a | 17.82ab | 12.69ef | 36518abcd | 16952cd |
P1N0 | 12.01g | 8.11cd | 4.99ef | 9.52bcd | 2520gh | 3580g | 19.52bcde | 8.11d | 10.64cd | 14.49def | 18350e | 8964h |
P1N1 | 12.94fg | 8.32cd | 7.12abcd | 9.18bcd | 5962bcdef | 6363defg | 17.05cde | 9.45bcd | 12.15cd | 13.17ef | 22964de | 10560fgh |
P1N2 | 21.14cde | 10.96bc | 7.58ab | 9.53bcd | 7645abc | 6428defg | 22.73bc | 10.63abcd | 21.56a | 14.59def | 45712a | 11878fgh |
P1N3 | 17.81defg | 9.99bcd | 6.56abcde | 10.22abc | 5340cdef | 7488def | 22.26bc | 10.26abcd | 19.87a | 13.98def | 43381ab | 9559gh |
P2N0 | 21.54bcde | 7.14d | 5.50cde | 7.78cd | 4553efg | 4349fg | 21.70bcd | 8.99cd | 10.72cd | 15.82cde | 24023cde | 12303fg |
P2N1 | 23.56abcd | 10.57bcd | 5.62bcde | 9.40bcd | 7834ab | 6615defg | 23.47bc | 10.76abcd | 11.37cd | 15.84cde | 30728abcde | 17841cd |
P2N2 | 22.44abcd | 10.70bc | 8.02a | 9.47bcd | 6046bcdef | 6172defg | 22.01bc | 10.52abcd | 13.02cd | 17.22cd | 26611bcde | 15896de |
P2N3 | 17.48defg | 10.21bcd | 7.65ab | 10.01abc | 5104def | 4502fg | 18.60bcde | 10.13abcd | 17.81ab | 18.58bc | 26923bcde | 15578de |
P3N0 | 22.99abcd | 11.31bc | 6.06abcde | 11.57ab | 4129fg | 11316bc | 25.29b | 11.18abcd | 10.16cd | 18.50bc | 16391e | 18252cd |
P3N1 | 29.65ab | 10.64bc | 7.62ab | 11.30ab | 6901abcde | 9316cd | 32.99a | 12.84abc | 13.49bcd | 18.09c | 40429abc | 19224c |
P3N2 | 24.27abc | 12.62b | 7.17abcd | 11.61ab | 6316bcdef | 13541b | 24.80bc | 12.44abc | 13.88bcd | 21.57b | 28529bcde | 28076b |
P3N3 | 28.40ab | 13.14b | 7.51abc | 13.00a | 8784a | 18971a | 28.35b | 13.14ab | 14.08bc | 25.62a | 27039bcde | 35511a |
P | *** | *** | ** | *** | *** | *** | *** | * | * | *** | ns | *** |
N | * | *** | *** | ns | *** | *** | ns | ns | *** | ** | *** | *** |
P*N | * | * | * | ns | *** | ** | *** | ns | * | ** | * | *** |
Table 3 Effects of N and P fertilizers on alfalfa regrowth after cutting for 6 and 12 days
处理 Treatments | 刈割后第6天 After cutting for 6 d | 刈割后第12天After cutting for 12 d | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
芽数Bud number (×106·hm-2) | 再生芽芽长Shoot length (cm) | 叶面积Leaf area (m2·hm-2) | 芽数Bud number (×106·hm-2) | 再生芽芽长Shoot length (cm) | 叶面积Leaf area (m2·hm-2) | |||||||
2018 | 2019 | 2018 | 2019 | 2018 | 2019 | 2018 | 2019 | 2018 | 2019 | 2018 | 2019 | |
P0N0 | 11.78g | 10.43bcd | 3.30f | 7.70cd | 1470h | 5170efg | 14.92de | 10.16abcd | 9.19d | 15.19cdef | 18105e | 9325gh |
P0N1 | 11.48g | 10.14bcd | 5.35de | 7.62cd | 1367h | 5279efg | 13.78e | 10.14abcd | 14.32bc | 11.94f | 18024e | 9725gh |
P0N2 | 14.77efg | 10.57bcd | 6.54abcde | 7.94cd | 7031abcd | 6061defg | 22.69bc | 12.08abcd | 14.82bc | 15.31cdef | 40644abc | 13500ef |
P0N3 | 20.31cdef | 14.26a | 6.59abcde | 6.38d | 7341abcd | 6268defg | 20.35bcde | 14.60a | 17.82ab | 12.69ef | 36518abcd | 16952cd |
P1N0 | 12.01g | 8.11cd | 4.99ef | 9.52bcd | 2520gh | 3580g | 19.52bcde | 8.11d | 10.64cd | 14.49def | 18350e | 8964h |
P1N1 | 12.94fg | 8.32cd | 7.12abcd | 9.18bcd | 5962bcdef | 6363defg | 17.05cde | 9.45bcd | 12.15cd | 13.17ef | 22964de | 10560fgh |
P1N2 | 21.14cde | 10.96bc | 7.58ab | 9.53bcd | 7645abc | 6428defg | 22.73bc | 10.63abcd | 21.56a | 14.59def | 45712a | 11878fgh |
P1N3 | 17.81defg | 9.99bcd | 6.56abcde | 10.22abc | 5340cdef | 7488def | 22.26bc | 10.26abcd | 19.87a | 13.98def | 43381ab | 9559gh |
P2N0 | 21.54bcde | 7.14d | 5.50cde | 7.78cd | 4553efg | 4349fg | 21.70bcd | 8.99cd | 10.72cd | 15.82cde | 24023cde | 12303fg |
P2N1 | 23.56abcd | 10.57bcd | 5.62bcde | 9.40bcd | 7834ab | 6615defg | 23.47bc | 10.76abcd | 11.37cd | 15.84cde | 30728abcde | 17841cd |
P2N2 | 22.44abcd | 10.70bc | 8.02a | 9.47bcd | 6046bcdef | 6172defg | 22.01bc | 10.52abcd | 13.02cd | 17.22cd | 26611bcde | 15896de |
P2N3 | 17.48defg | 10.21bcd | 7.65ab | 10.01abc | 5104def | 4502fg | 18.60bcde | 10.13abcd | 17.81ab | 18.58bc | 26923bcde | 15578de |
P3N0 | 22.99abcd | 11.31bc | 6.06abcde | 11.57ab | 4129fg | 11316bc | 25.29b | 11.18abcd | 10.16cd | 18.50bc | 16391e | 18252cd |
P3N1 | 29.65ab | 10.64bc | 7.62ab | 11.30ab | 6901abcde | 9316cd | 32.99a | 12.84abc | 13.49bcd | 18.09c | 40429abc | 19224c |
P3N2 | 24.27abc | 12.62b | 7.17abcd | 11.61ab | 6316bcdef | 13541b | 24.80bc | 12.44abc | 13.88bcd | 21.57b | 28529bcde | 28076b |
P3N3 | 28.40ab | 13.14b | 7.51abc | 13.00a | 8784a | 18971a | 28.35b | 13.14ab | 14.08bc | 25.62a | 27039bcde | 35511a |
P | *** | *** | ** | *** | *** | *** | *** | * | * | *** | ns | *** |
N | * | *** | *** | ns | *** | *** | ns | ns | *** | ** | *** | *** |
P*N | * | * | * | ns | *** | ** | *** | ns | * | ** | * | *** |
刈割后天数 Days after cutting (d) | 年份 Year | 再生芽数 Bud number | 再生芽芽长Shoot length | 叶面积 Leaf area |
---|---|---|---|---|
6 | 2018 | 0.642 | 0.843** | 0.767** |
2019 | 0.378 | 0.696** | 0.692** | |
12 | 2018 | 0.483 | 0.490 | 0.506* |
2019 | 0.488 | 0.604 | 0.702** |
Table 4 Correlation analyses between alfalfa shoot biomass and related components after cutting for 6 and 12 days in 2018 and 2019
刈割后天数 Days after cutting (d) | 年份 Year | 再生芽数 Bud number | 再生芽芽长Shoot length | 叶面积 Leaf area |
---|---|---|---|---|
6 | 2018 | 0.642 | 0.843** | 0.767** |
2019 | 0.378 | 0.696** | 0.692** | |
12 | 2018 | 0.483 | 0.490 | 0.506* |
2019 | 0.488 | 0.604 | 0.702** |
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