Acta Prataculturae Sinica ›› 2021, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (6): 162-169.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2020225
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Chen LI1(), Ali Ahmad ANUM2, Jian-bo ZHANG1, Ze-yi LIANG1, Xue-zhi DING1, Ping YAN1()
Received:
2020-05-13
Revised:
2020-07-21
Online:
2021-05-21
Published:
2021-05-21
Contact:
Ping YAN
Chen LI, Ali Ahmad ANUM, Jian-bo ZHANG, Ze-yi LIANG, Xue-zhi DING, Ping YAN. Comparative study of grazing behavior, serum biochemical indexes, and rumen fermentation parameters of yaks and cattle in the cold seaso[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2021, 30(6): 162-169.
指标 Indexes | 月份Months | 均值标准误 SEM | P值 P-value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
11 | 1 | 3 | |||
干物质Dry matter, DM (g·m-2) | 149.78 | 123.45 | 110.43 | 8.90 | <0.01 |
粗蛋白Crude protein, CP (%) | 7.55A | 4.32B | 2.78C | 0.71 | <0.01 |
中性洗涤纤维Neutral detergent fiber, NDF (%) | 60.60C | 62.47B | 64.11A | 1.16 | <0.01 |
酸性洗涤纤维Acid detergent fiber, ADF (%) | 33.32B | 33.56B | 35.44A | 0.79 | 0.01 |
粗灰分Ash (%) | 10.89B | 11.46A | 7.55C | 0.68 | 0.01 |
Table 1 Nutrition compositions of forage in cold season (dry matter basis)
指标 Indexes | 月份Months | 均值标准误 SEM | P值 P-value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
11 | 1 | 3 | |||
干物质Dry matter, DM (g·m-2) | 149.78 | 123.45 | 110.43 | 8.90 | <0.01 |
粗蛋白Crude protein, CP (%) | 7.55A | 4.32B | 2.78C | 0.71 | <0.01 |
中性洗涤纤维Neutral detergent fiber, NDF (%) | 60.60C | 62.47B | 64.11A | 1.16 | <0.01 |
酸性洗涤纤维Acid detergent fiber, ADF (%) | 33.32B | 33.56B | 35.44A | 0.79 | 0.01 |
粗灰分Ash (%) | 10.89B | 11.46A | 7.55C | 0.68 | 0.01 |
指标 Indexes | 组别 Group | 均值标准误 SEM | P值 P-value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
牦牛 Yak | 黄牛 Cattle | |||
甘油三酯Triglyceride, TG (mmol·L-1) | 0.257 | 0.282 | 0.029 | 0.772 |
血糖Glucose, GLU (mmol·L-1) | 3.151a | 2.296b | 0.205 | 0.032 |
游离脂肪酸Nonestesterified fatty acid, NEFA (μmol·L-1) | 545.299 | 531.868 | 21.325 | 0.780 |
低密度脂蛋白胆固醇Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C (mmol·L-1) | 0.283 | 0.370 | 0.031 | 0.174 |
高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 High-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-C (mmol·L-1) | 1.144 | 1.268 | 0.113 | 0.601 |
Table 2 Serum nutritional metabolites of yak and cattle in the cold season
指标 Indexes | 组别 Group | 均值标准误 SEM | P值 P-value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
牦牛 Yak | 黄牛 Cattle | |||
甘油三酯Triglyceride, TG (mmol·L-1) | 0.257 | 0.282 | 0.029 | 0.772 |
血糖Glucose, GLU (mmol·L-1) | 3.151a | 2.296b | 0.205 | 0.032 |
游离脂肪酸Nonestesterified fatty acid, NEFA (μmol·L-1) | 545.299 | 531.868 | 21.325 | 0.780 |
低密度脂蛋白胆固醇Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C (mmol·L-1) | 0.283 | 0.370 | 0.031 | 0.174 |
高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 High-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-C (mmol·L-1) | 1.144 | 1.268 | 0.113 | 0.601 |
指标 Indexes | 组别 Group | 均值标准误 SEM | P值 P-value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
牦牛 Yak | 黄牛 Cattle | |||
生长激素Growth hormone, GH (ng·mL-1) | 5.639a | 3.790b | 0.442 | 0.037 |
胰岛素样生长因子1 Insulin-like growth factor 1, IGF-1 (ng·mL-1) | 122.628a | 60.281b | 11.904 | 0.026 |
胰岛素样生长因子2 Insulin-like growth factor 2, IGF-2 (ng·mL-1) | 14.732 | 10.713 | 2.222 | 0.382 |
胰岛素Insulin (INS, mIU·L-1) | 14.292a | 7.465b | 1.497 | 0.021 |
Table 3 Hormone content of yak and cattle in cold season
指标 Indexes | 组别 Group | 均值标准误 SEM | P值 P-value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
牦牛 Yak | 黄牛 Cattle | |||
生长激素Growth hormone, GH (ng·mL-1) | 5.639a | 3.790b | 0.442 | 0.037 |
胰岛素样生长因子1 Insulin-like growth factor 1, IGF-1 (ng·mL-1) | 122.628a | 60.281b | 11.904 | 0.026 |
胰岛素样生长因子2 Insulin-like growth factor 2, IGF-2 (ng·mL-1) | 14.732 | 10.713 | 2.222 | 0.382 |
胰岛素Insulin (INS, mIU·L-1) | 14.292a | 7.465b | 1.497 | 0.021 |
指标 Indexes | 组别 Group | 均值标准误 SEM | P值 P-value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
牦牛 Yak | 黄牛 Cattle | |||
氨态氮NH3-N (mmol·L-1) | 4.696a | 1.836b | 0.512 | 0.002 |
乙酸Acetate (mmol·L-1) | 42.484a | 35.484b | 1.572 | 0.025 |
丙酸 Propionate (mmol·L-1) | 9.588 | 10.578 | 0.472 | 0.309 |
异丁酸Isobutyrate (mmol·L-1) | 0.470 | 0.434 | 0.018 | 0.334 |
丁酸Butyrate( mmol·L-1) | 4.782 | 5.517 | 0.309 | 0.246 |
异戊酸Isovalerate (mmol·L-1) | 0.486 | 0.423 | 0.025 | 0.226 |
戊酸Valerate (mmol·L-1) | 0.267b | 0.322a | 0.013 | 0.031 |
乙酸∶丙酸Acetate∶propionate | 5.479a | 4.809b | 0.091 | 0.018 |
总挥发性脂肪酸Total volatile fat acid (TVFA, mmol·L-1) | 55.900a | 47.732b | 2.116 | 0.037 |
Table 4 Rumen fermentation parameters of yak and cattle in cold season
指标 Indexes | 组别 Group | 均值标准误 SEM | P值 P-value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
牦牛 Yak | 黄牛 Cattle | |||
氨态氮NH3-N (mmol·L-1) | 4.696a | 1.836b | 0.512 | 0.002 |
乙酸Acetate (mmol·L-1) | 42.484a | 35.484b | 1.572 | 0.025 |
丙酸 Propionate (mmol·L-1) | 9.588 | 10.578 | 0.472 | 0.309 |
异丁酸Isobutyrate (mmol·L-1) | 0.470 | 0.434 | 0.018 | 0.334 |
丁酸Butyrate( mmol·L-1) | 4.782 | 5.517 | 0.309 | 0.246 |
异戊酸Isovalerate (mmol·L-1) | 0.486 | 0.423 | 0.025 | 0.226 |
戊酸Valerate (mmol·L-1) | 0.267b | 0.322a | 0.013 | 0.031 |
乙酸∶丙酸Acetate∶propionate | 5.479a | 4.809b | 0.091 | 0.018 |
总挥发性脂肪酸Total volatile fat acid (TVFA, mmol·L-1) | 55.900a | 47.732b | 2.116 | 0.037 |
指标 Indexes | 月份 Months | 组别 Group | 均值标准误 SEM | P值 P-value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
牦牛 Yak (h·d-1) | 黄牛 Cattle (h·d-1) | ||||
休息Rest | 11 | 13.62a | 14.74a | 0.37 | 0.11 |
1 | 12.43b | 12.34b | 0.13 | 0.85 | |
3 | 11.54b | 12.11b | 0.19 | 0.11 | |
行走Walk | 11 | 4.00b | 3.30c | 0.16 | 0.03 |
1 | 4.84a | 4.40b | 0.21 | 0.04 | |
3 | 5.78a | 5.04a | 0.21 | 0.06 | |
采食Graze | 11 | 5.23b | 7.06c | 0.45 | <0.01 |
1 | 6.23a | 7.96b | 0.40 | <0.01 | |
3 | 7.43a | 8.68a | 0.35 | 0.05 | |
反刍Rumination | 11 | 9.39a | 11.55a | 0.51 | 0.01 |
1 | 8.79b | 10.35b | 0.41 | 0.02 | |
3 | 8.20b | 9.23c | 0.34 | 0.02 |
Table 5 Changes in grazing behavior of yak and cattle in the cold season
指标 Indexes | 月份 Months | 组别 Group | 均值标准误 SEM | P值 P-value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
牦牛 Yak (h·d-1) | 黄牛 Cattle (h·d-1) | ||||
休息Rest | 11 | 13.62a | 14.74a | 0.37 | 0.11 |
1 | 12.43b | 12.34b | 0.13 | 0.85 | |
3 | 11.54b | 12.11b | 0.19 | 0.11 | |
行走Walk | 11 | 4.00b | 3.30c | 0.16 | 0.03 |
1 | 4.84a | 4.40b | 0.21 | 0.04 | |
3 | 5.78a | 5.04a | 0.21 | 0.06 | |
采食Graze | 11 | 5.23b | 7.06c | 0.45 | <0.01 |
1 | 6.23a | 7.96b | 0.40 | <0.01 | |
3 | 7.43a | 8.68a | 0.35 | 0.05 | |
反刍Rumination | 11 | 9.39a | 11.55a | 0.51 | 0.01 |
1 | 8.79b | 10.35b | 0.41 | 0.02 | |
3 | 8.20b | 9.23c | 0.34 | 0.02 |
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