Effects of phosphorus application on soil respiration rate and active organic carbon components of alfalfa

doi:10.11686/cyxb2023124

Abstract

Abstract:

This research aimed to investigate the effect of phosphorus application on soil respiration rate and active organic carbon content of alfalfa， and to clarify the relationship between soil respiration rate and soil active organic carbon fraction in alfalfa fields under different phosphorus application treatments. It was envisaged these data would support identification of practices to maximize soil carbon sequestration and sustainable development of artificial grassland. The experiment was laid out in a randomized group design with four levels of phosphorus application： 0 （P₀）， 50 （P₁）， 100 （P₂） and 150 kg·hm^-2 （P₃）， and replicated three times. Soil organic carbon （SOC）， microbial carbon （MBC）， dissolved organic carbon （DOC）， particulate organic carbon （POC）， easily oxidized organic carbon （EOC）， soil temperature and humidity and respiration rate （R_S） were studied in under the different levels of phosphorus application for soil horizons to 60 cm depth. It was found that， the contents of SOC， MBC， DOC， POC and EOC increased with increasing phosphorus application across the different soil depths， reaching a maximum of 15.77 g·kg^-1， 0.42 g·kg^-1， 0.34 g·kg^-1， 4.68 g·kg^-1 and 2.06 g·kg^-1， respectively， under the P₃ treatment. These values were significantly （P<0.05） higher than under the P₀ treatment. Vertically， SOC， MBC， DOC， POC and EOC all had the highest distribution in the 0-20 cm soil layer， accounting for 38.35%-41.58%， 38.31%-39.49%， 45.54%-46.64%， 46.29%-47.35% and 40.40%-44.17%， respectively， of the total content. The phosphorus application treatments increased soil R_S by 0.31%-14.90% and the difference was significant before and after mowing （P<0.05）. The sensitivity indices for MBC， DOC， POC and EOC in each soil depth showed an increasing trend with increasing phosphorus application， and the MBC sensitivity index was higher than the DOC， POC and EOC sensitivity indices. The highest sensitivity index of microbial carbon was found in the 0-30 cm soil layer under phosphorus application， and the highest sensitivity index of easily oxidized organic carbon was found in the 30-60 cm soil layer. It is suggested that microbial carbon is an indicator of changes in surface soil organic carbon and oxidizable organic carbon is an indicator of changes in deep soil organic carbon. The efficiency of each reactive organic carbon component does not change significantly with increasing phosphorus application. The results of structural equation models indicate that phosphorus application can affect SOC content directly and also indirectly through changes in MBC， DOC， POC and EOC content. In conclusion， phosphorus application increased soil R_S， but sustained phosphorus input increased the SOC， MBC， DOC， POC and EOC contents in the various soil horizons of the alfalfa field， improving carbon sequestration potential and soil quality. These results provide scientific evidence of the dynamic changes of soil organic carbon in sown grassland ecosystems and will enhance sown grassland management with respect to optimizing phosphorous fertilizer use.

Key words: phosphorus, alfalfa, soil respiration, soil organic carbon, active organic carbon

Kong-qin WEI, Jun-wei ZHAO, Qian-bing ZHANG. Effects of phosphorus application on soil respiration rate and active organic carbon components of alfalfa[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2024, 33(2): 80-92.

Figures/Tables 13

References 43

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变异指标 Variation	土壤有机碳SOC		微生物量碳MBC		溶解性有机碳DOC		颗粒有机碳POC		易氧化有机碳EOC
变异指标 Variation	F	P	F	P	F	P	F	P	F	P
P	983.27	**	1575.75	**	835.88	**	2034.25	**	3354.33	**
D	4109.20	**	6705.61	**	2324.46	**	18778.21	**	8570.09	**
S	106.16	**	1256.24	**	14998.94	**	156.56	**	2607.10	**
P×D	76.73	**	18.79	**	12.75	**	68.34	**	25.86	**
P×S	18.14	**	63.06	**	41.66	**	28.82	**	176.18	**
D×S	23.07	**	274.55	**	192.70	**	89.71	**	189.73	**
P×D×S	7.55	**	11.49	**	11.19	**	26018.00	**	23.75	**

变异指标 Variation	土壤有机碳SOC		微生物量碳MBC		溶解性有机碳DOC		颗粒有机碳POC		易氧化有机碳EOC
变异指标 Variation	F	P	F	P	F	P	F	P	F	P
P	983.27	**	1575.75	**	835.88	**	2034.25	**	3354.33	**
D	4109.20	**	6705.61	**	2324.46	**	18778.21	**	8570.09	**
S	106.16	**	1256.24	**	14998.94	**	156.56	**	2607.10	**
P×D	76.73	**	18.79	**	12.75	**	68.34	**	25.86	**
P×S	18.14	**	63.06	**	41.66	**	28.82	**	176.18	**
D×S	23.07	**	274.55	**	192.70	**	89.71	**	189.73	**
P×D×S	7.55	**	11.49	**	11.19	**	26018.00	**	23.75	**

处理 Treatment	拟合方程 Fitting equation	拟合系数 Fitting coefficient （R²）	温度敏感性系数 Temperature sensitivity coefficient （Q₁₀）
P₀	R_S=0.100e^0.074T	0.715*	2.096
P₁	R_S=1.125e^0.065T	0.781*	1.916
P₂	R_S=1.327e^0.068T	0.996**	1.973
P₃	R_S=0.082e^0.092T	0.779*	2.510

处理 Treatment	拟合方程 Fitting equation	拟合系数 Fitting coefficient （R²）	温度敏感性系数 Temperature sensitivity coefficient （Q₁₀）
P₀	R_S=0.100e^0.074T	0.715*	2.096
P₁	R_S=1.125e^0.065T	0.781*	1.916
P₂	R_S=1.327e^0.068T	0.996**	1.973
P₃	R_S=0.082e^0.092T	0.779*	2.510

处理 Treatment	有机碳 SOC	颗粒有机碳 POC	溶解性有机碳 DOC	易氧化有机碳 EOC	微生物量碳 MBC	土壤呼吸 R_S	温度 Temperature	湿度 Moisture	平均值 Average	排序 Rank
P₀	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.026	0.000	0.000	0.003	4
P₁	0.478	0.373	0.333	0.295	0.343	0.000	0.356	0.702	0.360	3
P₂	0.807	0.642	0.867	0.636	1.000	1.000	0.731	0.327	0.751	2
P₃	1.000	1.000	1.000	1.000	0.971	0.610	1.000	1.000	0.948	1