Allelopathic effects of different artificial economic forest litter extracts on Fabaceae and Poaceae species

doi:10.11686/cyxb2023359

Abstract

Abstract:

Ziziphus jujuba， Juglans regia， and Malus pumila are dominant artificial economic forest tree species in northern Shaanxi， while they are usually planted as pure plantations. To explore the allelopathic effects of these artificial economic forests on the growth of forage species， Medicago sativa and Lolium perenne were used as receptors. These receptors were treated using Z. jujuba， J. regia and M. pumila leaf extracts with different concentrations to analyse their effects on seed germination and seedling growth of forage species. The results showed that：1） The germination rate and germination potential of M. sativa and L. perenne decreased significantly with the increase of the concentration of the leaching solution （P<0.05）； 2） Higher concentrations of M. pumila and Z. jujuba leaf litter extract led to lower root activity and chlorophyll content of M. sativa and L. perenne. The chlorophyll content of L. perenne seedlings treated with J. regia leaf extract was significantly higher than that of the control group， and the root activity was significantly lower than that of the control group （P<0.05）； 3） The biochemical indicators of two forage species indicated that the antioxidant capacity of L. perenne was significantly stronger than that of M. sativa. There were differences in the allelopathic responses of the seed germination and seedling growth of Fabaceae and Poaceae species to different tree species and different concentrations of leaf litter extracts. Overall， the allelopathic effects of artificial economic forest leaf litter extracts on M. sativa was stronger than those on L. perenne. This study aimed to provide a theoretical basis for the mixed planting of economic tree sand forage species in northern Shaanxi， and the combination of Fabaceae and Poaceae forage species and economic forests should be fully considered during the planting process.

Key words: allelopathy, leaf litter, seed germination, seedling growth, antioxidant indicators

Bang-yin HE, Jing-hong PEI, Qi-rui YE, Jia-jia HU, Cai-xue ZHENG, Jiang-wen LI. Allelopathic effects of different artificial economic forest litter extracts on Fabaceae and Poaceae species[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2024, 33(8): 199-208.

Figures/Tables 6

References 27

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草种 Grass variety	方差来源 Source of variation	发芽率 Germination percentage	发芽势 Germination potential	发芽指数 Germination index	发芽时间 Germination time
紫花苜蓿 M. sativa	树种Varieties of trees （V）	37.61**	135.61**	493.46**	7.62**
	浸提液浓度Extract concentration （E）	61.86**	137.48**	294.47**	7.38**
	树种×浸提液浓度V×E	16.01**	30.25**	51.76**	3.39**
黑麦草 L. perenne	树种Varieties of trees	1.48	0.35	1.44	7.65**
	浸提液浓度Extract concentration	80.46**	210.49**	40.17**	25.77**
	树种×浸提液浓度V×E	2.37*	5.20**	0.33	5.12**

草种 Grass variety	方差来源 Source of variation	发芽率 Germination percentage	发芽势 Germination potential	发芽指数 Germination index	发芽时间 Germination time
紫花苜蓿 M. sativa	树种Varieties of trees （V）	37.61**	135.61**	493.46**	7.62**
	浸提液浓度Extract concentration （E）	61.86**	137.48**	294.47**	7.38**
	树种×浸提液浓度V×E	16.01**	30.25**	51.76**	3.39**
黑麦草 L. perenne	树种Varieties of trees	1.48	0.35	1.44	7.65**
	浸提液浓度Extract concentration	80.46**	210.49**	40.17**	25.77**
	树种×浸提液浓度V×E	2.37*	5.20**	0.33	5.12**

浸提液 Extraction	草种 Grass variety	处理 Treatment	发芽率 Germination percentage （%）	发芽势 Germination potential （%）	发芽指数 Germination index	发芽时间 Germination time （d）
苹果 M. pumila	黑麦草 L. perenne	CK	94.00±1.00A	91.00±1.15A	0.13±0.00A*	2.67±0.88C
		L	84.67±2.33Bb*	82.33±1.45Aa*	0.13±0.00ABa*	2.00±0.58Cb
		M	88.33±1.67Ba*	65.00±7.09Ba*	0.13±0.00Ba*	4.67±0.33Ba
		H	73.33±2.73Ca*	29.67±5.17Cab*	0.12±0.00Ca*	6.67±0.33Aa*
		E	64.00±2.65Dab	12.33±1.33Db*	0.11±0.00Ca*	6.67±0.33Ab*
	紫花苜蓿 M. sativa	CK	93.67±1.86A	93.67±1.86A	0.15±0.00A*	2.33±0.33B
		L	93.33±0.88Aa*	92.00±0.58Aa*	0.15±0.00Ba*	3.67±0.33Aa
		M	96.33±0.33Aa*	95.33±0.33Aa*	0.15±0.00Aa*	4.67±0.33Aa
		H	93.67±2.91Aa*	93.67±2.91Aa*	0.15±0.00Ba*	2.00±0.58Bb*
		E	68.67±0.88Ba	62.00±2.00Ba*	0.14±0.00Ca*	4.33±0.33Aa*
红枣 Z. jujuba	黑麦草 L. perenne	CK	94.00±1.00A	91.00±1.15A	0.13±0.00A*	2.67±0.88A
		L	89.67±2.33Aab	56.00±3.06Cb*	0.13±0.00Bb*	5.67±0.33Aa
		M	91.33±3.18Aa	70.00±5.51Ba*	0.13±0.00Ba*	5.33±0.33Aa*
		H	72.67±2.19Ba*	39.67±1.86Da*	0.12±0.00Ca*	5.00±0.58Ab*
		E	69.00±2.08Ba*	23.67±3.18Ea*	0.12±0.00Da*	6.00±0.00Ab
	紫花苜蓿 M. sativa	CK	93.67±1.86A	93.67±1.86A	0.15±0.00A*	2.33±0.33A
		L	94.67±2.33Aa	93.00±1.53Aa*	0.14±0.00Bb*	3.33±1.20Aa
		M	91.33±2.40ABab	91.33±2.40Aa*	0.14±0.00Bb*	2.67±0.33Ab*
		H	85.67±0.33BCab*	84.33±0.67Ba*	0.14±0.00Bb*	2.67±0.33Ab*
		E	82.00±2.65Ca*	69.33±3.18Ca*	0.13±0.00Cb*	4.33±0.67Aa
核桃 J. regia	黑麦草 L. perenne	CK	94.00±1.00A	91.00±1.15A	0.13±0.00A*	2.67±0.88B
		L	92.33±1.20Aa	75.33±2.91Ba*	0.13±0.00Bb*	6.67±0.33Aa*
		M	89.33±0.67Aa	66.33±6.74Ba	0.13±0.00Ba*	5.67±0.67Aa
		H	74.67±3.76Ba	26.33±1.86Cb	0.12±0.00Ca*	7.00±0.00Aa*
		E	54.67±5.61Cb*	13.00±2.00Dc*	0.11±0.00Ca*	7.00±0.00Aa*
	紫花苜蓿 M. sativa	CK	93.67±1.86A	93.67±1.86A	0.15±0.00A*	2.33±0.33C*
		L	88.67±2.03ABa	85.67±1.86ABb*	0.14±0.00Bc*	4.33±0.33ABa*
		M	87.67±2.33ABb	79.33±3.84Bb	0.13±0.00Bc*	5.33±0.67Aa*
		H	75.67±7.84Bb	37.00±8.39Cb	0.12±0.00Cc*	5.33±0.33Aa*
		E	19.67±8.09Cb*	4.67±1.33Db*	0.12±0.00Cc*	4.00±0.00Ba*

浸提液 Extraction	草种 Grass variety	处理 Treatment	发芽率 Germination percentage （%）	发芽势 Germination potential （%）	发芽指数 Germination index	发芽时间 Germination time （d）
苹果 M. pumila	黑麦草 L. perenne	CK	94.00±1.00A	91.00±1.15A	0.13±0.00A*	2.67±0.88C
		L	84.67±2.33Bb*	82.33±1.45Aa*	0.13±0.00ABa*	2.00±0.58Cb
		M	88.33±1.67Ba*	65.00±7.09Ba*	0.13±0.00Ba*	4.67±0.33Ba
		H	73.33±2.73Ca*	29.67±5.17Cab*	0.12±0.00Ca*	6.67±0.33Aa*
		E	64.00±2.65Dab	12.33±1.33Db*	0.11±0.00Ca*	6.67±0.33Ab*
	紫花苜蓿 M. sativa	CK	93.67±1.86A	93.67±1.86A	0.15±0.00A*	2.33±0.33B
		L	93.33±0.88Aa*	92.00±0.58Aa*	0.15±0.00Ba*	3.67±0.33Aa
		M	96.33±0.33Aa*	95.33±0.33Aa*	0.15±0.00Aa*	4.67±0.33Aa
		H	93.67±2.91Aa*	93.67±2.91Aa*	0.15±0.00Ba*	2.00±0.58Bb*
		E	68.67±0.88Ba	62.00±2.00Ba*	0.14±0.00Ca*	4.33±0.33Aa*
红枣 Z. jujuba	黑麦草 L. perenne	CK	94.00±1.00A	91.00±1.15A	0.13±0.00A*	2.67±0.88A
		L	89.67±2.33Aab	56.00±3.06Cb*	0.13±0.00Bb*	5.67±0.33Aa
		M	91.33±3.18Aa	70.00±5.51Ba*	0.13±0.00Ba*	5.33±0.33Aa*
		H	72.67±2.19Ba*	39.67±1.86Da*	0.12±0.00Ca*	5.00±0.58Ab*
		E	69.00±2.08Ba*	23.67±3.18Ea*	0.12±0.00Da*	6.00±0.00Ab
	紫花苜蓿 M. sativa	CK	93.67±1.86A	93.67±1.86A	0.15±0.00A*	2.33±0.33A
		L	94.67±2.33Aa	93.00±1.53Aa*	0.14±0.00Bb*	3.33±1.20Aa
		M	91.33±2.40ABab	91.33±2.40Aa*	0.14±0.00Bb*	2.67±0.33Ab*
		H	85.67±0.33BCab*	84.33±0.67Ba*	0.14±0.00Bb*	2.67±0.33Ab*
		E	82.00±2.65Ca*	69.33±3.18Ca*	0.13±0.00Cb*	4.33±0.67Aa
核桃 J. regia	黑麦草 L. perenne	CK	94.00±1.00A	91.00±1.15A	0.13±0.00A*	2.67±0.88B
		L	92.33±1.20Aa	75.33±2.91Ba*	0.13±0.00Bb*	6.67±0.33Aa*
		M	89.33±0.67Aa	66.33±6.74Ba	0.13±0.00Ba*	5.67±0.67Aa
		H	74.67±3.76Ba	26.33±1.86Cb	0.12±0.00Ca*	7.00±0.00Aa*
		E	54.67±5.61Cb*	13.00±2.00Dc*	0.11±0.00Ca*	7.00±0.00Aa*
	紫花苜蓿 M. sativa	CK	93.67±1.86A	93.67±1.86A	0.15±0.00A*	2.33±0.33C*
		L	88.67±2.03ABa	85.67±1.86ABb*	0.14±0.00Bc*	4.33±0.33ABa*
		M	87.67±2.33ABb	79.33±3.84Bb	0.13±0.00Bc*	5.33±0.67Aa*
		H	75.67±7.84Bb	37.00±8.39Cb	0.12±0.00Cc*	5.33±0.33Aa*
		E	19.67±8.09Cb*	4.67±1.33Db*	0.12±0.00Cc*	4.00±0.00Ba*

草种 Grass variety	方差来源 Source of variation	叶绿素含量 Chlorophyll concent	根系活力 Root activity	丙二醛含量 Malondialdehyde content	POD活性 Peroxidase activity	CAT活性 Catalase activity
紫花苜蓿 M. sativa	树种Varieties of trees （T）	7.86**	13.37*	49.62**	1.55	1201.04**
	浸提液浓度Extract concentration （EC）	10.33**	2.94*	7.53**	0.89	201.13**
	树种×浸提液浓度T×EC	4.22**	2.62*	5.97**	0.42	270.64**
黑麦草 L. perenne	树种Varieties of trees	59.31**	11.77**	44.91**	168.32**	241.79**
	浸提液浓度Extract concentration	16.17**	0.98	6.99**	167.70**	47.33
	树种×浸提液浓度T×EC	6.67**	1.65	9.60**	77.11**	51.13**