Acta Prataculturae Sinica ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (5): 126-138.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2025217
Ling-fei XIANG1(
), Feng-ju ZHANG2, Yue LI3, Xue-qin WANG4, Jin-long LIU5, Qiao-li MA1(
)
Received:2025-05-29
Revised:2025-07-21
Online:2026-05-20
Published:2026-03-11
Contact:
Qiao-li MA
Ling-fei XIANG, Feng-ju ZHANG, Yue LI, Xue-qin WANG, Jin-long LIU, Qiao-li MA. Effects of varied row spacings and sowing rates on forage and seed yield and quality of Echinochloa frumentacea in saline-alkali land[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2026, 35(5): 126-138.
行距 Rowing spacing | 播量 Sowing rate | 株高 Plant height (m) | 茎粗 Stem diameter (mm) | 鲜草产量 Fresh yield (kg·hm-2) | 叶面积指数 Leaf area index |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H1 | D1 | 1.33±0.13bcd | 4.72±0.69b | 27791.67±1470.60abcd | 0.96±0.06b |
| D2 | 1.43±0.15abcd | 5.39±1.15ab | 36129.17±7555.04a | 1.01±0.05ab | |
| D3 | 1.32±0.17cd | 4.83±1.14b | 32516.25±3820.72ab | 1.16±0.07a | |
| H2 | D1 | 1.29±0.15d | 4.75±1.10b | 24271.39±2981.76abcd | 1.01±0.04ab |
| D2 | 1.52±0.24abcd | 5.01±1.00ab | 31145.19±4965.34abc | 1.02±0.07ab | |
| D3 | 1.51±0.15abcd | 5.46±0.86ab | 29459.17±1667.50abcd | 1.06±0.07ab | |
| H3 | D1 | 1.53±0.28abc | 5.43±1.41ab | 22955.92±2021.74bcd | 1.05±0.07ab |
| D2 | 1.36±0.20abcd | 4.56±1.05b | 21399.58±3391.95bcd | 0.76±0.07d | |
| D3 | 1.46±0.19abcd | 6.03±1.06a | 18027.53±3652.23d | 0.95±0.03bc | |
| H4 | D1 | 1.39±0.12abcd | 5.00±1.11ab | 19231.83±1747.12cd | 0.90±0.05bcd |
| D2 | 1.47±0.24abcd | 4.85±0.82b | 25901.83±4565.96abcd | 1.00±0.04ab | |
| D3 | 1.45±0.29abcd | 5.36±0.90ab | 19231.83±4058.73cd | 0.79±0.05cd | |
| H5 | D1 | 1.58±0.18a | 5.21±0.78ab | 23159.72±2598.85bcd | 1.04±0.04ab |
| D2 | 1.56±0.35ab | 5.12±1.24ab | 23067.08±4008.17bcd | 0.95±0.05bc | |
| D3 | 1.38±0.15abcd | 4.93±0.74ab | 20565.83±2048.56bcd | 1.05±0.03ab | |
| 显著性检验(F值) Significance test (F value) | |||||
| 行距Rowing spacing (H) | 0.68NS | 0.44NS | 5.43** | 2.53NS | |
| 播量Sowing rate (D) | 0.27NS | 0.44NS | 1.78NS | 0.70NS | |
| 行距×播量H×D | 0.79NS | 0.90NS | 0.53NS | 2.04NS | |
Table1 Effects of row spacing and seeding rate on agronomic traits of E. frumentacea
行距 Rowing spacing | 播量 Sowing rate | 株高 Plant height (m) | 茎粗 Stem diameter (mm) | 鲜草产量 Fresh yield (kg·hm-2) | 叶面积指数 Leaf area index |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H1 | D1 | 1.33±0.13bcd | 4.72±0.69b | 27791.67±1470.60abcd | 0.96±0.06b |
| D2 | 1.43±0.15abcd | 5.39±1.15ab | 36129.17±7555.04a | 1.01±0.05ab | |
| D3 | 1.32±0.17cd | 4.83±1.14b | 32516.25±3820.72ab | 1.16±0.07a | |
| H2 | D1 | 1.29±0.15d | 4.75±1.10b | 24271.39±2981.76abcd | 1.01±0.04ab |
| D2 | 1.52±0.24abcd | 5.01±1.00ab | 31145.19±4965.34abc | 1.02±0.07ab | |
| D3 | 1.51±0.15abcd | 5.46±0.86ab | 29459.17±1667.50abcd | 1.06±0.07ab | |
| H3 | D1 | 1.53±0.28abc | 5.43±1.41ab | 22955.92±2021.74bcd | 1.05±0.07ab |
| D2 | 1.36±0.20abcd | 4.56±1.05b | 21399.58±3391.95bcd | 0.76±0.07d | |
| D3 | 1.46±0.19abcd | 6.03±1.06a | 18027.53±3652.23d | 0.95±0.03bc | |
| H4 | D1 | 1.39±0.12abcd | 5.00±1.11ab | 19231.83±1747.12cd | 0.90±0.05bcd |
| D2 | 1.47±0.24abcd | 4.85±0.82b | 25901.83±4565.96abcd | 1.00±0.04ab | |
| D3 | 1.45±0.29abcd | 5.36±0.90ab | 19231.83±4058.73cd | 0.79±0.05cd | |
| H5 | D1 | 1.58±0.18a | 5.21±0.78ab | 23159.72±2598.85bcd | 1.04±0.04ab |
| D2 | 1.56±0.35ab | 5.12±1.24ab | 23067.08±4008.17bcd | 0.95±0.05bc | |
| D3 | 1.38±0.15abcd | 4.93±0.74ab | 20565.83±2048.56bcd | 1.05±0.03ab | |
| 显著性检验(F值) Significance test (F value) | |||||
| 行距Rowing spacing (H) | 0.68NS | 0.44NS | 5.43** | 2.53NS | |
| 播量Sowing rate (D) | 0.27NS | 0.44NS | 1.78NS | 0.70NS | |
| 行距×播量H×D | 0.79NS | 0.90NS | 0.53NS | 2.04NS | |
处理 Treatment | 小穗数 Spikelet number | 总穗数 Total spike number | 穗重 Spike weight | 穗长 Spike length | 千粒重 Thousand-grain weight |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 行距H | 5.428** | 1.702NS | 10.760** | 9.296** | 0.218NS |
| 播量D | 1.776NS | 0.366NS | 0.839NS | 0.734NS | 0.561NS |
| 行距×播量H×D | 0.53NS | 0.750NS | 0.454NS | 9.445** | 0.776NS |
Table 2 Variance analysis of the effects of row spacing and seeding rate on seed yield related factors of E. frumentacea
处理 Treatment | 小穗数 Spikelet number | 总穗数 Total spike number | 穗重 Spike weight | 穗长 Spike length | 千粒重 Thousand-grain weight |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 行距H | 5.428** | 1.702NS | 10.760** | 9.296** | 0.218NS |
| 播量D | 1.776NS | 0.366NS | 0.839NS | 0.734NS | 0.561NS |
| 行距×播量H×D | 0.53NS | 0.750NS | 0.454NS | 9.445** | 0.776NS |
处理 Treatment | 实际种子产量 Actual seed yield | 发芽率 Germination rate | 发芽势 Germination potential | 发芽指数 Germination index | 活力指数 Vigour index |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 行距H | 1.046NS | 3.492* | 8.498** | 1.206NS | 1.840NS |
| 播量D | 9.794** | 13.364** | 11.676** | 5.326* | 3.555* |
| 行距×播量H×D | 6.611** | 5.827** | 16.411** | 3.961** | 9.132** |
Table 3 Variance analysis of effects of different row spacing and seeding rate on seed yield and quality of E. frumentacea
处理 Treatment | 实际种子产量 Actual seed yield | 发芽率 Germination rate | 发芽势 Germination potential | 发芽指数 Germination index | 活力指数 Vigour index |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 行距H | 1.046NS | 3.492* | 8.498** | 1.206NS | 1.840NS |
| 播量D | 9.794** | 13.364** | 11.676** | 5.326* | 3.555* |
| 行距×播量H×D | 6.611** | 5.827** | 16.411** | 3.961** | 9.132** |
因子 Factor | 相关系数 Correlation coefficient | 直接通径系数 Direct path coefficient | 间接通径系数 Indirect path coefficient | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| →X1 | →X2 | →X3 | →X4 | →X5 | 合计Total | |||
| X1 | -0.155 | -0.790 | 0.029 | -0.067 | 0.717 | -0.043 | 0.636 | |
| X2 | 0.647 | 0.950 | -0.024 | -0.432 | 0.083 | 0.069 | -0.304 | |
| X3 | 0.393 | -0.539 | -0.098 | 0.077 | 0.222 | 0.046 | 0.247 | |
| X4 | 0.859 | 0.850 | -0.666 | 0.093 | -0.141 | -0.046 | -0.760 | |
| X5 | 0.387 | 0.146 | 0.233 | 0.448 | -0.171 | -0.270 | 0.240 | |
Table 4 Path analysis of seed yield and component factors of E. frumentacea
因子 Factor | 相关系数 Correlation coefficient | 直接通径系数 Direct path coefficient | 间接通径系数 Indirect path coefficient | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| →X1 | →X2 | →X3 | →X4 | →X5 | 合计Total | |||
| X1 | -0.155 | -0.790 | 0.029 | -0.067 | 0.717 | -0.043 | 0.636 | |
| X2 | 0.647 | 0.950 | -0.024 | -0.432 | 0.083 | 0.069 | -0.304 | |
| X3 | 0.393 | -0.539 | -0.098 | 0.077 | 0.222 | 0.046 | 0.247 | |
| X4 | 0.859 | 0.850 | -0.666 | 0.093 | -0.141 | -0.046 | -0.760 | |
| X5 | 0.387 | 0.146 | 0.233 | 0.448 | -0.171 | -0.270 | 0.240 | |
项目 Items | 主成分Principal component | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ⅰ | Ⅱ | Ⅲ | Ⅳ | Ⅴ | |
| 株高Plant height | 0.914 | -0.288 | 0.222 | -0.016 | 0.026 |
| 茎粗Stem diameter | 0.629 | -0.341 | -0.521 | 0.173 | 0.271 |
| 鲜草产量Fresh yield | 0.134 | 0.855 | 0.112 | -0.008 | 0.368 |
| 叶面积指数Leaf area index | 0.270 | 0.563 | 0.053 | 0.526 | 0.325 |
| 小穗数Spikelet number | 0.521 | -0.666 | -0.440 | -0.042 | 0.114 |
| 总穗数Total spike number | 0.036 | -0.537 | 0.771 | 0.007 | 0.189 |
| 穗重Spike weight | 0.239 | -0.577 | 0.659 | 0.060 | -0.256 |
| 穗长Spike length | 0.766 | -0.471 | -0.220 | 0.084 | 0.145 |
| 千粒重Thousand-grain weight | -0.344 | -0.088 | 0.703 | 0.100 | -0.067 |
| 实际种子产量Actual seed yield | 0.307 | 0.050 | 0.776 | -0.157 | 0.482 |
| 发芽率Germination rate | 0.629 | 0.441 | 0.022 | -0.586 | -0.167 |
| 发芽势Germination potential | 0.444 | 0.201 | 0.167 | 0.618 | -0.532 |
| 发芽指数Germination index | 0.761 | 0.398 | 0.142 | -0.338 | -0.331 |
| 活力指数Vigour index | 0.716 | 0.504 | 0.162 | 0.197 | -0.035 |
| 特征值Eigenvalue | 4.135 | 3.190 | 2.778 | 1.232 | 1.110 |
| 方差贡献率Variance contribution rate (%) | 29.536 | 22.789 | 19.843 | 8.803 | 7.930 |
| 累积贡献率Accumulative contribution rate (%) | 29.536 | 52.325 | 72.168 | 80.971 | 88.901 |
Table 5 Loading values of each factor, principal component eigenvalue and accumulative contribution rate
项目 Items | 主成分Principal component | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ⅰ | Ⅱ | Ⅲ | Ⅳ | Ⅴ | |
| 株高Plant height | 0.914 | -0.288 | 0.222 | -0.016 | 0.026 |
| 茎粗Stem diameter | 0.629 | -0.341 | -0.521 | 0.173 | 0.271 |
| 鲜草产量Fresh yield | 0.134 | 0.855 | 0.112 | -0.008 | 0.368 |
| 叶面积指数Leaf area index | 0.270 | 0.563 | 0.053 | 0.526 | 0.325 |
| 小穗数Spikelet number | 0.521 | -0.666 | -0.440 | -0.042 | 0.114 |
| 总穗数Total spike number | 0.036 | -0.537 | 0.771 | 0.007 | 0.189 |
| 穗重Spike weight | 0.239 | -0.577 | 0.659 | 0.060 | -0.256 |
| 穗长Spike length | 0.766 | -0.471 | -0.220 | 0.084 | 0.145 |
| 千粒重Thousand-grain weight | -0.344 | -0.088 | 0.703 | 0.100 | -0.067 |
| 实际种子产量Actual seed yield | 0.307 | 0.050 | 0.776 | -0.157 | 0.482 |
| 发芽率Germination rate | 0.629 | 0.441 | 0.022 | -0.586 | -0.167 |
| 发芽势Germination potential | 0.444 | 0.201 | 0.167 | 0.618 | -0.532 |
| 发芽指数Germination index | 0.761 | 0.398 | 0.142 | -0.338 | -0.331 |
| 活力指数Vigour index | 0.716 | 0.504 | 0.162 | 0.197 | -0.035 |
| 特征值Eigenvalue | 4.135 | 3.190 | 2.778 | 1.232 | 1.110 |
| 方差贡献率Variance contribution rate (%) | 29.536 | 22.789 | 19.843 | 8.803 | 7.930 |
| 累积贡献率Accumulative contribution rate (%) | 29.536 | 52.325 | 72.168 | 80.971 | 88.901 |
| 处理Treatment | Y1 | Y2 | Y3 | Y4 | Y5 | Y | 排名Ranking |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H1D1 | -2.243 | 1.426 | 0.149 | 0.263 | -0.451 | -0.361 | 9 |
| H1D2 | 0.844 | 2.487 | -0.147 | 0.705 | 0.695 | 1.017 | 3 |
| H1D3 | -1.342 | 3.386 | -0.682 | -0.500 | 0.874 | 0.298 | 8 |
| H2D1 | -3.678 | -0.062 | -1.049 | 1.259 | 0.144 | -1.335 | 15 |
| H2D2 | 1.235 | -0.071 | 1.383 | -1.026 | 2.306 | 0.805 | 4 |
| H2D3 | 2.252 | 1.737 | -1.737 | -0.341 | -0.223 | 0.752 | 5 |
| H3D1 | 3.355 | 0.693 | -0.924 | 1.022 | -1.232 | 1.078 | 2 |
| H3D2 | -1.733 | 0.045 | 0.802 | -2.953 | -1.152 | -0.780 | 11 |
| H3D3 | 1.031 | -2.789 | -3.386 | -0.239 | 1.393 | -1.028 | 13 |
| H4D1 | -1.997 | -1.316 | -0.311 | 0.850 | -0.048 | -0.990 | 12 |
| H4D2 | 0.432 | 0.552 | 2.043 | -0.022 | -0.522 | 0.692 | 6 |
| H4D3 | -0.831 | -2.769 | -0.669 | -0.837 | -0.359 | -1.250 | 14 |
| H5D1 | 1.589 | -1.578 | 3.663 | 0.698 | 0.818 | 1.083 | 1 |
| H5D2 | 2.396 | -0.738 | -0.239 | -0.256 | -1.600 | 0.386 | 7 |
| H5D3 | -1.311 | -1.002 | 1.105 | 1.378 | -0.644 | -0.367 | 10 |
Table 6 Common factor values and comprehensive ranking of different treatments
| 处理Treatment | Y1 | Y2 | Y3 | Y4 | Y5 | Y | 排名Ranking |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H1D1 | -2.243 | 1.426 | 0.149 | 0.263 | -0.451 | -0.361 | 9 |
| H1D2 | 0.844 | 2.487 | -0.147 | 0.705 | 0.695 | 1.017 | 3 |
| H1D3 | -1.342 | 3.386 | -0.682 | -0.500 | 0.874 | 0.298 | 8 |
| H2D1 | -3.678 | -0.062 | -1.049 | 1.259 | 0.144 | -1.335 | 15 |
| H2D2 | 1.235 | -0.071 | 1.383 | -1.026 | 2.306 | 0.805 | 4 |
| H2D3 | 2.252 | 1.737 | -1.737 | -0.341 | -0.223 | 0.752 | 5 |
| H3D1 | 3.355 | 0.693 | -0.924 | 1.022 | -1.232 | 1.078 | 2 |
| H3D2 | -1.733 | 0.045 | 0.802 | -2.953 | -1.152 | -0.780 | 11 |
| H3D3 | 1.031 | -2.789 | -3.386 | -0.239 | 1.393 | -1.028 | 13 |
| H4D1 | -1.997 | -1.316 | -0.311 | 0.850 | -0.048 | -0.990 | 12 |
| H4D2 | 0.432 | 0.552 | 2.043 | -0.022 | -0.522 | 0.692 | 6 |
| H4D3 | -0.831 | -2.769 | -0.669 | -0.837 | -0.359 | -1.250 | 14 |
| H5D1 | 1.589 | -1.578 | 3.663 | 0.698 | 0.818 | 1.083 | 1 |
| H5D2 | 2.396 | -0.738 | -0.239 | -0.256 | -1.600 | 0.386 | 7 |
| H5D3 | -1.311 | -1.002 | 1.105 | 1.378 | -0.644 | -0.367 | 10 |
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