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Acta Prataculturae Sinica ›› 2022, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (8): 35-48.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2021289

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Ten-year livestock exclusion did not affect water and nitrogen use efficiency of alpine desert-steppe plants in Northwest Tibet

Wei-ling NIU1,2(), Hui CHEN2, Hui-xin HOU1, Chen-rui GUO1, Jiao-lin MA3, Jian-shuang WU1()   

  1. 1.Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China
    2.Hebei Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Ecological Construction,School of Geography Sciences,Heibei Normal University,Shijiazhuang 050024,China
    3.Tibet Animal Husbandry Service Center,Lhasa 850000,China
  • Received:2021-07-27 Revised:2021-09-13 Online:2022-08-20 Published:2022-07-01
  • Contact: Jian-shuang WU

Abstract:

Under climate change and overgrazing, the area of degraded grassland is increasing in the Tibetan Autonomous Region of China. A common measure for recovering these degraded grasslands is grazing exclusion using fencing. However, the effects of fencing on plant functional traits and physiological processes are still unclear. In this study, we chose leaf carbon content (LCC) and leaf nitrogen content (LNC) and stable carbon and nitrogen isotopic compositions (δ13C and δ15N) to characterize the water use efficiency (WUE) and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of alpine desert-steppe plants in Northwest Tibet to clarify the effects of livestock exclusion by fencing on species WUE and NUE. We found that LCC, LNC, δ13C and δ15N of alpine desert-steppe plants differed between different plant functional groups. At both community and plant functional group levels, livestock exclusion had no significant effects on LCC, LNC, δ13C and δ15N. Rather, soil water content and pH value were the main factors affecting the community weighted mean of leaf δ13C, indicating that soil properties can significantly affect the internal WUE of plants. Growing season temperature was the dominant factor affecting the community weighted mean of leaf δ15N, indicating that climatic conditions are the main factor affecting ecosystem nitrogen cycle of alpine desert-steppes in Northwest Tibet. There were no trade-offs between WUE and NUE for alpine desert steppe plants. In conclusion, our study confirms that the short-term livestock exclusion in Northwest Tibet does not significantly alter the WUE and NUE of desert-steppe plants and that local environmental factors have significant effects on carbon and nitrogen cycling of the alpine desert-steppes. Therefore, it is necessary to study plant physiological and functional traits in response to environmental change for a better understanding of plant community assembly and evolution and to understand nutrient cycling in alpine grassland ecosystems.

Key words: livestock exclusion, desert steppe, stable carbon isotopic composition, stable nitrogen isotopic composition, water use efficiency, nitrogen use efficiency