Acta Prataculturae Sinica ›› 2022, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (12): 158-170.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2022087
Hai-ping LI1,3(), Hao GUAN2, Zhi-feng JIA1, Wen-hui LIU1, Xiang MA1, Yong LIU1, Hui WANG2, Li MA4, Qing-ping ZHOU2()
Received:
2022-02-22
Revised:
2022-04-14
Online:
2022-12-20
Published:
2022-10-17
Contact:
Qing-ping ZHOU
Hai-ping LI, Hao GUAN, Zhi-feng JIA, Wen-hui LIU, Xiang MA, Yong LIU, Hui WANG, Li MA, Qing-ping ZHOU. Screening of antifreeze-thawed lactic acid bacteria and their effects on oat silage fermentation quality and aerobic stability[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2022, 31(12): 158-170.
项目 Item | 菌株Strain | ||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
9 | 10 | 67 | 74 | 103 | 117 | 157 | 160 | 248 | 260 | 270 | 286 | 365 | 376 | 407 | |
采样点Collection site | 海晏 Haiyan | 海晏 Haiyan | 湟中 Huangzhong | 大通 Datong | 平安 Pingan | 平安 Pingan | 门源 Menyuan | 门源 Menyuan | 祁连 Qilian | 贵南 Guinan | 贵南 Guinan | 贵南 Guinan | 贵南 Guinan | 贵南 Guinan | 湟源 Huangyuan |
来源Source | 玉米 Maize | 玉米 Maize | 玉米 Maize | 燕麦 Oat | 玉米 Maize | 玉米 Maize | 燕麦 Oat | 燕麦 Oat | 酸奶 Yogurt | 玉米 Maize | 玉米 Maize | 玉米 Maize | 黑麦 Rye | 黑麦 Rye | 小黑麦 Triticale |
形状Shape | 杆菌Rod | 杆菌Rod | 杆菌Rod | 杆菌Rod | 杆菌Rod | 杆菌Rod | 杆菌Rod | 杆菌Rod | 杆菌Rod | 杆菌Rod | 杆菌Rod | 杆菌Rod | 杆菌Rod | 杆菌Rod | 杆菌Rod |
革兰氏染色Gram stain | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + |
5 ℃ | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | ++ | + |
10 ℃ | + | + | + | + | ++ | + | ++ | ++ | ++ | + | + | + | + | + | + |
15 ℃ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | + | + | ++ | ++ | ++ | + | ++ | + | + | + | + |
20 ℃ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ |
30 ℃ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ |
50 ℃ | ++ | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + |
3.0% NaCl,10 ℃ | w | + | w | w | w | + | ++ | + | w | + | + | w | w | w | w |
3.0% NaCl,37 ℃ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ |
6.5% NaCl,10 ℃ | w | + | w | w | w | w | + | + | + | w | w | w | w | w | w |
6.5% NaCl,37 ℃ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ |
pH 3.0,10 ℃ | w | + | w | w | w | + | + | + | w | + | + | + | + | + | + |
pH 3.0,37 ℃ | ++ | ++ | + | + | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | + | ++ | ++ | ++ | + | + | ++ |
pH 3.5,10 ℃ | w | + | w | w | w | + | + | + | w | + | + | + | + | + | + |
pH 3.5,37 ℃ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ |
pH 4.0,10 ℃ | w | + | w | w | w | + | + | + | w | + | + | + | + | + | + |
pH 4.0,37 ℃ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ |
pH 5.0,10 ℃ | w | + | w | w | w | + | + | + | w | + | + | + | + | + | + |
pH 5.0,37 ℃ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ |
pH 6.0,10 ℃ | + | + | w | w | w | + | ++ | + | w | + | + | + | + | + | + |
pH 6.0,37 ℃ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ |
Table 1 Physiological and biochemical characteristics of lactic acid bacteria strains isolated from silages
项目 Item | 菌株Strain | ||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
9 | 10 | 67 | 74 | 103 | 117 | 157 | 160 | 248 | 260 | 270 | 286 | 365 | 376 | 407 | |
采样点Collection site | 海晏 Haiyan | 海晏 Haiyan | 湟中 Huangzhong | 大通 Datong | 平安 Pingan | 平安 Pingan | 门源 Menyuan | 门源 Menyuan | 祁连 Qilian | 贵南 Guinan | 贵南 Guinan | 贵南 Guinan | 贵南 Guinan | 贵南 Guinan | 湟源 Huangyuan |
来源Source | 玉米 Maize | 玉米 Maize | 玉米 Maize | 燕麦 Oat | 玉米 Maize | 玉米 Maize | 燕麦 Oat | 燕麦 Oat | 酸奶 Yogurt | 玉米 Maize | 玉米 Maize | 玉米 Maize | 黑麦 Rye | 黑麦 Rye | 小黑麦 Triticale |
形状Shape | 杆菌Rod | 杆菌Rod | 杆菌Rod | 杆菌Rod | 杆菌Rod | 杆菌Rod | 杆菌Rod | 杆菌Rod | 杆菌Rod | 杆菌Rod | 杆菌Rod | 杆菌Rod | 杆菌Rod | 杆菌Rod | 杆菌Rod |
革兰氏染色Gram stain | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + |
5 ℃ | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | ++ | + |
10 ℃ | + | + | + | + | ++ | + | ++ | ++ | ++ | + | + | + | + | + | + |
15 ℃ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | + | + | ++ | ++ | ++ | + | ++ | + | + | + | + |
20 ℃ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ |
30 ℃ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ |
50 ℃ | ++ | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + |
3.0% NaCl,10 ℃ | w | + | w | w | w | + | ++ | + | w | + | + | w | w | w | w |
3.0% NaCl,37 ℃ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ |
6.5% NaCl,10 ℃ | w | + | w | w | w | w | + | + | + | w | w | w | w | w | w |
6.5% NaCl,37 ℃ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ |
pH 3.0,10 ℃ | w | + | w | w | w | + | + | + | w | + | + | + | + | + | + |
pH 3.0,37 ℃ | ++ | ++ | + | + | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | + | ++ | ++ | ++ | + | + | ++ |
pH 3.5,10 ℃ | w | + | w | w | w | + | + | + | w | + | + | + | + | + | + |
pH 3.5,37 ℃ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ |
pH 4.0,10 ℃ | w | + | w | w | w | + | + | + | w | + | + | + | + | + | + |
pH 4.0,37 ℃ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ |
pH 5.0,10 ℃ | w | + | w | w | w | + | + | + | w | + | + | + | + | + | + |
pH 5.0,37 ℃ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ |
pH 6.0,10 ℃ | + | + | w | w | w | + | ++ | + | w | + | + | + | + | + | + |
pH 6.0,37 ℃ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ |
底物 Substrate | 菌株Strain | ||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
9 | 10 | 67 | 74 | 103 | 117 | 157 | 160 | 248 | 260 | 270 | 286 | 365 | 376 | 407 | |
菊糖Inulin | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | - | + | - | - | + | + | + |
水杨苷Salicin (1% NaCl) | + | + | + | + | + | + | - | + | - | + | + | - | - | + | - |
M01a乳糖M01a actose | - | + | + | - | - | + | w | - | - | + | - | - | w | - | - |
M-蔗糖M-saccharose | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | - | + | - | - | + | + | - |
山梨醇Sorbitol | - | - | w | + | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | w | w | - |
半乳糖Galactose | - | - | - | - | w | - | - | - | - | - | w | + | - | - | - |
果糖Fructose | + | w | - | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + |
木糖醇Xylitol | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
七叶苷Esculin | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | - | + | - | - | + | + | + |
棉子糖Raffinose | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
L-蔗糖L-saccharose | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | - | + | - | - | + | + | + |
甘露醇Mannitol | - | + | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
甘露糖Mannose | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | - | + | - | - | + | + | + |
水杨苷Salicin | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | - | - | - | - | + | + | + |
鼠李糖Rhamnose | - | - | - | + | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
纤维二糖Cellobiose | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | - | + | - | - | + | + | + |
阿拉伯糖Arabinose | w | - | - | - | - | - | w | - | + | - | + | + | - | - | - |
葡萄糖Glucose | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + |
麦芽糖Maltose | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + |
蜜二糖Melibiose | - | - | - | + | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
马尿酸Hippuric acid | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | - | + | + | - | + | + | + |
葡萄糖Glucose (产气Gas production) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | + | + | + | - | + | + | + |
Table 2 Carbohydrate fermentation patens of lactic acid bacteria strains isolated from silages
底物 Substrate | 菌株Strain | ||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
9 | 10 | 67 | 74 | 103 | 117 | 157 | 160 | 248 | 260 | 270 | 286 | 365 | 376 | 407 | |
菊糖Inulin | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | - | + | - | - | + | + | + |
水杨苷Salicin (1% NaCl) | + | + | + | + | + | + | - | + | - | + | + | - | - | + | - |
M01a乳糖M01a actose | - | + | + | - | - | + | w | - | - | + | - | - | w | - | - |
M-蔗糖M-saccharose | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | - | + | - | - | + | + | - |
山梨醇Sorbitol | - | - | w | + | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | w | w | - |
半乳糖Galactose | - | - | - | - | w | - | - | - | - | - | w | + | - | - | - |
果糖Fructose | + | w | - | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + |
木糖醇Xylitol | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
七叶苷Esculin | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | - | + | - | - | + | + | + |
棉子糖Raffinose | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
L-蔗糖L-saccharose | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | - | + | - | - | + | + | + |
甘露醇Mannitol | - | + | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
甘露糖Mannose | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | - | + | - | - | + | + | + |
水杨苷Salicin | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | - | - | - | - | + | + | + |
鼠李糖Rhamnose | - | - | - | + | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
纤维二糖Cellobiose | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | - | + | - | - | + | + | + |
阿拉伯糖Arabinose | w | - | - | - | - | - | w | - | + | - | + | + | - | - | - |
葡萄糖Glucose | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + |
麦芽糖Maltose | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + |
蜜二糖Melibiose | - | - | - | + | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
马尿酸Hippuric acid | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | - | + | + | - | + | + | + |
葡萄糖Glucose (产气Gas production) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | + | + | + | - | + | + | + |
项目Item | 含量Content |
---|---|
干物质Dry matter (DM, %FW) | 28.96±0.350 |
粗蛋白Crude protein (CP, %DM) | 11.01±0.129 |
灰分Ash (%DM) | 8.90±0.175 |
中性洗涤纤维Neutral detergent fiber (NDF, %DM) | 65.17±1.169 |
酸性洗涤纤维Acid detergent fiber (ADF, %DM) | 29.69±0.982 |
水溶性碳水化合物Water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC, %DM) | 13.30±1.050 |
乳酸菌Lactic acid bacteria (lg cfu·g-1 FW, LAB) | 3.70 |
肠杆菌Coliform bacteria (lg cfu·g-1 FW, CB) | 4.12 |
酵母菌Yeast (lg cfu·g-1 FW) | 2.89 |
霉菌Mold (lg cfu·g-1 FW) | 3.14 |
Table 3 Chemical, microbial composition of oat before ensiling
项目Item | 含量Content |
---|---|
干物质Dry matter (DM, %FW) | 28.96±0.350 |
粗蛋白Crude protein (CP, %DM) | 11.01±0.129 |
灰分Ash (%DM) | 8.90±0.175 |
中性洗涤纤维Neutral detergent fiber (NDF, %DM) | 65.17±1.169 |
酸性洗涤纤维Acid detergent fiber (ADF, %DM) | 29.69±0.982 |
水溶性碳水化合物Water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC, %DM) | 13.30±1.050 |
乳酸菌Lactic acid bacteria (lg cfu·g-1 FW, LAB) | 3.70 |
肠杆菌Coliform bacteria (lg cfu·g-1 FW, CB) | 4.12 |
酵母菌Yeast (lg cfu·g-1 FW) | 2.89 |
霉菌Mold (lg cfu·g-1 FW) | 3.14 |
温度 Temperature (℃) | 菌剂 Inoculation | pH | NH3-N/TN (%) | 乳酸LA (mg·g-1 DM) | 乙酸AA (mg·g-1 DM) | 丙酸PA (mg·g-1 DM) | 丁酸BA (mg·g-1 DM) | LA/AA | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
20 | 对照CK | 4.59abc | 3.86a | 46.86g | 21.95b | ND | ND | 2.14g | |
LP157 | 4.01c | 1.34fgh | 69.31ab | 24.70ab | ND | ND | 2.81def | ||
LP160 | 4.02c | 1.65def | 58.44d | 12.60de | ND | ND | 4.68a | ||
LB248 | 4.02c | 1.39fgh | 71.41a | 27.78a | ND | ND | 2.59efg | ||
LPE260 | 3.99c | 1.09h | 69.56ab | 24.71ab | ND | ND | 2.85def | ||
MIX | 4.37abc | 2.08bc | 44.46g | 13.46de | ND | ND | 3.31cd | ||
COM | 4.90a | 1.49efg | 54.27ef | 18.04c | ND | ND | 3.01cde | ||
20/-5 | 对照CK | 4.81ab | 2.33b | 27.73h | 6.61f | ND | ND | 4.21ab | |
LP157 | 4.00c | 1.75de | 56.82def | 15.75cd | ND | ND | 3.64bc | ||
LP160 | 4.02c | 1.84cd | 66.75bc | 15.50cd | ND | ND | 4.34a | ||
LB248 | 4.04c | 1.38fgh | 57.93de | 17.83c | ND | ND | 3.26cd | ||
LPE260 | 4.03c | 1.35fgh | 64.15c | 22.93b | ND | ND | 2.83def | ||
MIX | 4.07c | 1.24gh | 53.22f | 11.67e | ND | ND | 4.58a | ||
COM | 4.16bc | 1.97cd | 55.39def | 24.16ab | ND | ND | 2.32fg | ||
标准误SEM | 0.228 | 0.027 | 0.341 | 0.317 | ND | ND | 0.054 | ||
菌剂Inoculation (I) | * | ** | ** | ** | ND | ND | ** | ||
温度Temperature (T) | NS | ** | ** | ** | ND | ND | ** | ||
I×T | NS | ** | ** | ** | ND | ND | ** |
Table 4 Fermentation characteristics of oat silage ensiled at 60 days
温度 Temperature (℃) | 菌剂 Inoculation | pH | NH3-N/TN (%) | 乳酸LA (mg·g-1 DM) | 乙酸AA (mg·g-1 DM) | 丙酸PA (mg·g-1 DM) | 丁酸BA (mg·g-1 DM) | LA/AA | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
20 | 对照CK | 4.59abc | 3.86a | 46.86g | 21.95b | ND | ND | 2.14g | |
LP157 | 4.01c | 1.34fgh | 69.31ab | 24.70ab | ND | ND | 2.81def | ||
LP160 | 4.02c | 1.65def | 58.44d | 12.60de | ND | ND | 4.68a | ||
LB248 | 4.02c | 1.39fgh | 71.41a | 27.78a | ND | ND | 2.59efg | ||
LPE260 | 3.99c | 1.09h | 69.56ab | 24.71ab | ND | ND | 2.85def | ||
MIX | 4.37abc | 2.08bc | 44.46g | 13.46de | ND | ND | 3.31cd | ||
COM | 4.90a | 1.49efg | 54.27ef | 18.04c | ND | ND | 3.01cde | ||
20/-5 | 对照CK | 4.81ab | 2.33b | 27.73h | 6.61f | ND | ND | 4.21ab | |
LP157 | 4.00c | 1.75de | 56.82def | 15.75cd | ND | ND | 3.64bc | ||
LP160 | 4.02c | 1.84cd | 66.75bc | 15.50cd | ND | ND | 4.34a | ||
LB248 | 4.04c | 1.38fgh | 57.93de | 17.83c | ND | ND | 3.26cd | ||
LPE260 | 4.03c | 1.35fgh | 64.15c | 22.93b | ND | ND | 2.83def | ||
MIX | 4.07c | 1.24gh | 53.22f | 11.67e | ND | ND | 4.58a | ||
COM | 4.16bc | 1.97cd | 55.39def | 24.16ab | ND | ND | 2.32fg | ||
标准误SEM | 0.228 | 0.027 | 0.341 | 0.317 | ND | ND | 0.054 | ||
菌剂Inoculation (I) | * | ** | ** | ** | ND | ND | ** | ||
温度Temperature (T) | NS | ** | ** | ** | ND | ND | ** | ||
I×T | NS | ** | ** | ** | ND | ND | ** |
处理 Treatment | 乳酸菌LAB | 肠杆菌CB | 酵母菌Yeast | 霉菌Mold | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
20 ℃ | 20 ℃/-5 ℃ | 20 ℃ | 20 ℃/-5 ℃ | 20 ℃ | 20 ℃/-5 ℃ | 20 ℃ | 20 ℃/-5 ℃ | |
对照CK | 4.62 | 4.63 | ND | 4.06 | 2.30 | 3.78 | ND | 2.00 |
LP157 | 2.95 | 3.32 | ND | 2.95 | 0.90 | 1.25 | ND | ND |
LP160 | 3.46 | 4.00 | ND | ND | ND | 1.70 | ND | ND |
LB248 | 4.21 | 4.03 | ND | ND | 0.08 | 0.63 | ND | ND |
LPE260 | 5.26 | 4.71 | 1.60 | ND | 4.29 | ND | 2.70 | ND |
MIX | 4.79 | 4.77 | 1.54 | ND | 3.62 | ND | 2.48 | ND |
COM | 5.83 | 4.06 | 4.70 | ND | 4.37 | 3.72 | 3.75 | ND |
Table 5 Microorganism counts of oat silage ensiled at 60 days (lg cfu·g-1 FW)
处理 Treatment | 乳酸菌LAB | 肠杆菌CB | 酵母菌Yeast | 霉菌Mold | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
20 ℃ | 20 ℃/-5 ℃ | 20 ℃ | 20 ℃/-5 ℃ | 20 ℃ | 20 ℃/-5 ℃ | 20 ℃ | 20 ℃/-5 ℃ | |
对照CK | 4.62 | 4.63 | ND | 4.06 | 2.30 | 3.78 | ND | 2.00 |
LP157 | 2.95 | 3.32 | ND | 2.95 | 0.90 | 1.25 | ND | ND |
LP160 | 3.46 | 4.00 | ND | ND | ND | 1.70 | ND | ND |
LB248 | 4.21 | 4.03 | ND | ND | 0.08 | 0.63 | ND | ND |
LPE260 | 5.26 | 4.71 | 1.60 | ND | 4.29 | ND | 2.70 | ND |
MIX | 4.79 | 4.77 | 1.54 | ND | 3.62 | ND | 2.48 | ND |
COM | 5.83 | 4.06 | 4.70 | ND | 4.37 | 3.72 | 3.75 | ND |
温度Temperature (℃) | 菌剂Inoculation | 干物质DM(%FW) | 干物质损失DM loss (%) | 灰分Ash (%DM) | 中性洗涤纤维NDF (%DM) | 酸性洗涤纤维ADF (%DM) | 粗蛋白CP (%DM) | 水溶性碳水化合物WSC (%DM) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
20 | 对照CK | 28.35f | 1.22a | 8.09a | 54.28cd | 29.76bc | 9.05abcd | 4.84def |
LP157 | 28.67ef | 0.09e | 7.99a | 48.36e | 23.01e | 9.18abc | 4.64efg | |
LP160 | 29.18ef | 0.39cde | 7.96a | 46.24e | 21.26e | 9.15abcd | 5.36cde | |
LB248 | 28.61ef | 0.24de | 7.98a | 54.21cd | 26.75d | 9.67a | 4.00fg | |
LPE260 | 28.53ef | 0.07e | 8.00a | 53.53d | 27.84cd | 9.24ab | 7.70b | |
MIX | 29.20ef | 0.12de | 8.38a | 56.61bcd | 30.01bc | 8.71bcd | 6.93b | |
COM | 28.60ef | 0.19de | 7.25a | 56.35bcd | 29.26bcd | 8.82bcd | 3.73g | |
20/-5 | 对照CK | 31.38b | 0.89abc | 7.84a | 58.45bc | 31.76ab | 8.78bcd | 5.85c |
LP157 | 30.60bc | 0.43cde | 7.46a | 59.06b | 31.01b | 8.55cde | 5.73cd | |
LP160 | 29.58de | 0.52cde | 7.98a | 55.28bcd | 30.44bc | 8.48de | 4.59efg | |
LB248 | 31.03bc | 0.37cde | 7.88a | 56.22bcd | 31.73ab | 9.36ab | 4.20fg | |
LPE260 | 32.49a | 0.67bcd | 7.38a | 56.48bcd | 29.25bcd | 8.91bcd | 5.92c | |
MIX | 32.70a | 1.13ab | 8.13a | 63.82a | 34.10a | 7.76f | 10.39a | |
COM | 30.31cd | 0.49cde | 7.97a | 56.77bcd | 30.68bc | 8.06ef | 5.38cde | |
标准误SEM | 0.090 | 0.045 | 0.370 | 1.340 | 0.930 | 0.050 | 0.300 | |
菌剂Inoculation (I) | ** | ** | NS | ** | ** | ** | ** | |
温度Temperature (T) | ** | ** | NS | ** | ** | ** | ** | |
I×T | ** | * | NS | ** | ** | NS | ** |
Table 6 Nutritional components of oat silage ensiled at 60 days
温度Temperature (℃) | 菌剂Inoculation | 干物质DM(%FW) | 干物质损失DM loss (%) | 灰分Ash (%DM) | 中性洗涤纤维NDF (%DM) | 酸性洗涤纤维ADF (%DM) | 粗蛋白CP (%DM) | 水溶性碳水化合物WSC (%DM) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
20 | 对照CK | 28.35f | 1.22a | 8.09a | 54.28cd | 29.76bc | 9.05abcd | 4.84def |
LP157 | 28.67ef | 0.09e | 7.99a | 48.36e | 23.01e | 9.18abc | 4.64efg | |
LP160 | 29.18ef | 0.39cde | 7.96a | 46.24e | 21.26e | 9.15abcd | 5.36cde | |
LB248 | 28.61ef | 0.24de | 7.98a | 54.21cd | 26.75d | 9.67a | 4.00fg | |
LPE260 | 28.53ef | 0.07e | 8.00a | 53.53d | 27.84cd | 9.24ab | 7.70b | |
MIX | 29.20ef | 0.12de | 8.38a | 56.61bcd | 30.01bc | 8.71bcd | 6.93b | |
COM | 28.60ef | 0.19de | 7.25a | 56.35bcd | 29.26bcd | 8.82bcd | 3.73g | |
20/-5 | 对照CK | 31.38b | 0.89abc | 7.84a | 58.45bc | 31.76ab | 8.78bcd | 5.85c |
LP157 | 30.60bc | 0.43cde | 7.46a | 59.06b | 31.01b | 8.55cde | 5.73cd | |
LP160 | 29.58de | 0.52cde | 7.98a | 55.28bcd | 30.44bc | 8.48de | 4.59efg | |
LB248 | 31.03bc | 0.37cde | 7.88a | 56.22bcd | 31.73ab | 9.36ab | 4.20fg | |
LPE260 | 32.49a | 0.67bcd | 7.38a | 56.48bcd | 29.25bcd | 8.91bcd | 5.92c | |
MIX | 32.70a | 1.13ab | 8.13a | 63.82a | 34.10a | 7.76f | 10.39a | |
COM | 30.31cd | 0.49cde | 7.97a | 56.77bcd | 30.68bc | 8.06ef | 5.38cde | |
标准误SEM | 0.090 | 0.045 | 0.370 | 1.340 | 0.930 | 0.050 | 0.300 | |
菌剂Inoculation (I) | ** | ** | NS | ** | ** | ** | ** | |
温度Temperature (T) | ** | ** | NS | ** | ** | ** | ** | |
I×T | ** | * | NS | ** | ** | NS | ** |
温度 Temperature (℃) | 菌剂 Inoculation | pH | NH3-N (mg·g-1 DM) | 乳酸LA (mg·g-1 DM) | 乙酸AA (mg·g-1 DM) | 丙酸PA (mg·g-1 DM) | 丁酸BA (mg·g-1 DM) | LA/AA |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
20 | 对照CK | 8.68ab | 3.38bc | 23.65de | 13.59bc | ND | ND | 1.74g |
LP157 | 4.24e | 2.79d | 41.56b | 14.27b | ND | ND | 2.91cd | |
LP160 | 4.01e | 1.35f | 25.68d | 7.36f | ND | ND | 3.49b | |
LB248 | 4.33e | 1.60f | 79.29a | 31.92a | ND | ND | 2.49e | |
LPE260 | 8.06b | 2.84d | 20.31f | 12.77c | ND | ND | 1.59g | |
MIX | 8.99a | 3.48bc | 20.19f | 9.29e | ND | ND | 2.17f | |
COM | 8.97a | 4.39a | 11.00h | 6.50f | ND | ND | 1.69g | |
20/-5 | 对照CK | 8.79ab | 4.54a | 13.14gh | 5.59g | ND | ND | 2.35e |
LP157 | 6.62c | 3.03cd | 25.41d | 9.21e | ND | ND | 2.76d | |
LP160 | 5.70d | 2.22e | 35.73c | 5.47g | ND | ND | 6.54a | |
LB248 | 7.07c | 2.59de | 21.68ef | 7.27f | ND | ND | 2.99c | |
LPE260 | 6.86c | 3.41bc | 42.24b | 11.60d | ND | ND | 3.64b | |
MIX | 8.76ab | 3.53b | 41.81b | 11.76d | ND | ND | 3.56b | |
COM | 8.44ab | 4.30a | 15.15g | 5.27g | ND | ND | 2.87cd | |
标准误SEM | 0.277 | 0.040 | 0.253 | 0.076 | ND | ND | 0.016 | |
菌剂Inoculation (I) | ** | ** | ** | ** | ND | ND | ** | |
温度Temperature (T) | ** | ** | ** | ** | ND | ND | ** | |
I×T | ** | ** | ** | ** | ND | ND | ** |
Table 7 Content of organic acid and ammonia nitrogen of oat silage aerobically exposed for 5 days
温度 Temperature (℃) | 菌剂 Inoculation | pH | NH3-N (mg·g-1 DM) | 乳酸LA (mg·g-1 DM) | 乙酸AA (mg·g-1 DM) | 丙酸PA (mg·g-1 DM) | 丁酸BA (mg·g-1 DM) | LA/AA |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
20 | 对照CK | 8.68ab | 3.38bc | 23.65de | 13.59bc | ND | ND | 1.74g |
LP157 | 4.24e | 2.79d | 41.56b | 14.27b | ND | ND | 2.91cd | |
LP160 | 4.01e | 1.35f | 25.68d | 7.36f | ND | ND | 3.49b | |
LB248 | 4.33e | 1.60f | 79.29a | 31.92a | ND | ND | 2.49e | |
LPE260 | 8.06b | 2.84d | 20.31f | 12.77c | ND | ND | 1.59g | |
MIX | 8.99a | 3.48bc | 20.19f | 9.29e | ND | ND | 2.17f | |
COM | 8.97a | 4.39a | 11.00h | 6.50f | ND | ND | 1.69g | |
20/-5 | 对照CK | 8.79ab | 4.54a | 13.14gh | 5.59g | ND | ND | 2.35e |
LP157 | 6.62c | 3.03cd | 25.41d | 9.21e | ND | ND | 2.76d | |
LP160 | 5.70d | 2.22e | 35.73c | 5.47g | ND | ND | 6.54a | |
LB248 | 7.07c | 2.59de | 21.68ef | 7.27f | ND | ND | 2.99c | |
LPE260 | 6.86c | 3.41bc | 42.24b | 11.60d | ND | ND | 3.64b | |
MIX | 8.76ab | 3.53b | 41.81b | 11.76d | ND | ND | 3.56b | |
COM | 8.44ab | 4.30a | 15.15g | 5.27g | ND | ND | 2.87cd | |
标准误SEM | 0.277 | 0.040 | 0.253 | 0.076 | ND | ND | 0.016 | |
菌剂Inoculation (I) | ** | ** | ** | ** | ND | ND | ** | |
温度Temperature (T) | ** | ** | ** | ** | ND | ND | ** | |
I×T | ** | ** | ** | ** | ND | ND | ** |
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