草业学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (2): 182-191.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2020545
• 研究论文 • 上一篇
王循刚1(), 张晓玲1,2, 徐田伟1, 耿远月1,2, 胡林勇1, 赵娜1, 刘宏金1, 康生萍1,2, 徐世晓1()
收稿日期:
2020-12-08
修回日期:
2021-03-04
出版日期:
2022-02-20
发布日期:
2021-12-22
通讯作者:
徐世晓
作者简介:
Corresponding author. E-mail: sxxu@nwipb.cas.cn基金资助:
Xun-gang WANG1(), Xiao-ling ZHANG1,2, Tian-wei XU1, Yuan-yue GENG1,2, Lin-yong HU1, Na ZHAO1, Hong-jin LIU1, Sheng-ping KANG1,2, Shi-xiao XU1()
Received:
2020-12-08
Revised:
2021-03-04
Online:
2022-02-20
Published:
2021-12-22
Contact:
Shi-xiao XU
摘要:
本研究旨在探究饲粮蛋白质水平对藏系绵羊瘤胃真菌菌群结构及功能的影响。试验选取18只12月龄健康、平均体重为(31.71±0.72) kg的藏系绵羊羯羊,随机分为3组,每组6只,分别饲喂代谢能相近而蛋白质含量不同(LP组,10.06%CP;MP组,12.10%CP;HP组,14.12%CP)的饲粮,试验为期120 d,包括15 d的预饲期和105 d的正试期。结果表明:1)LP组藏系绵羊的终末体重、平均日增重和平均日采食量均显著低于MP组和HP组(P<0.05),而料重比显著高于MP组和HP组(P<0.05)。2)3组18个瘤胃液样品共产生1547415条有效序列,聚类后共得到4073个OTUs。饲粮蛋白质水平并没有对藏系绵羊瘤胃真菌多样性指数产生显著性影响(P>0.05)。3)在门分类水平上,藏系绵羊瘤胃真菌优势菌门为子囊菌门、担子菌门、被孢霉亚门和新美鞭菌门等;在属分类水平上,瘤胃真菌优势菌属为青霉属、无茎真菌属、枝孢属、镰孢霉属和链格孢属等。4)采用LEfSe方法对各个分类水平上丰度有显著差异的微生物进行比较分析,共筛选到33个符合生物标记物的真菌菌群。5)基于FUNGuid对藏系绵羊瘤胃真菌群落的营养型进行功能预测,发现腐生营养型是最主要的营养型。以上结果表明,适当提高饲粮中蛋白质水平可以显著提高藏系绵羊的生长性能,但对瘤胃真菌菌群的多样性和结构组成并未产生明显的影响。
王循刚, 张晓玲, 徐田伟, 耿远月, 胡林勇, 赵娜, 刘宏金, 康生萍, 徐世晓. 饲粮蛋白质水平对藏系绵羊瘤胃真菌菌群结构及功能的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2022, 31(2): 182-191.
Xun-gang WANG, Xiao-ling ZHANG, Tian-wei XU, Yuan-yue GENG, Lin-yong HU, Na ZHAO, Hong-jin LIU, Sheng-ping KANG, Shi-xiao XU. Effects of dietary protein levels on ruminal fungal community structure and function in Tibetan sheep[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2022, 31(2): 182-191.
项目 Items | 组别 Groups | ||
---|---|---|---|
LP | MP | HP | |
原料Ingredients | |||
玉米Corn (%) | 21.00 | 16.50 | 12.00 |
小麦Wheat (%) | 13.50 | 12.00 | 10.50 |
麦麸Wheat bran (%) | 7.00 | 7.50 | 8.00 |
豆粕Soybean meal (%) | 3.50 | 5.50 | 7.50 |
菜籽饼Rapeseed meal (%) | 2.50 | 6.00 | 9.50 |
氯化钠NaCl (%) | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.50 |
磷酸氢钙CaHPO4·2H2O (%) | 0.30 | 0.30 | 0.30 |
膨润土Bentonite (%) | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.50 |
碳酸钙CaCO3 (%) | 0.45 | 0.45 | 0.45 |
碳酸氢钠NaHCO? (%) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
预混料Premix1) (%) | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.50 |
燕麦草Oat hay (%) | 50.00 | 50.00 | 50.00 |
合计Total (%) | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 |
营养水平Nutrient levels2) | |||
粗蛋白质Crude protein (%) | 10.06 | 12.10 | 14.12 |
代谢能Metabolizable energy (MJ·kg-1) | 10.14 | 10.12 | 10.10 |
粗脂肪Ether extract (%) | 2.72 | 2.85 | 2.98 |
中性洗涤纤维Neutral detergent fiber (%) | 37.47 | 38.50 | 39.52 |
酸性洗涤纤维Acid detergent fiber (%) | 19.14 | 20.12 | 21.10 |
钙Ca (%) | 0.64 | 0.66 | 0.69 |
磷P (%) | 0.42 | 0.45 | 0.48 |
表1 饲粮组成及营养水平(干物质基础)
Table 1 Composition and nutrient levels of diets (dry matter basis)
项目 Items | 组别 Groups | ||
---|---|---|---|
LP | MP | HP | |
原料Ingredients | |||
玉米Corn (%) | 21.00 | 16.50 | 12.00 |
小麦Wheat (%) | 13.50 | 12.00 | 10.50 |
麦麸Wheat bran (%) | 7.00 | 7.50 | 8.00 |
豆粕Soybean meal (%) | 3.50 | 5.50 | 7.50 |
菜籽饼Rapeseed meal (%) | 2.50 | 6.00 | 9.50 |
氯化钠NaCl (%) | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.50 |
磷酸氢钙CaHPO4·2H2O (%) | 0.30 | 0.30 | 0.30 |
膨润土Bentonite (%) | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.50 |
碳酸钙CaCO3 (%) | 0.45 | 0.45 | 0.45 |
碳酸氢钠NaHCO? (%) | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.25 |
预混料Premix1) (%) | 0.50 | 0.50 | 0.50 |
燕麦草Oat hay (%) | 50.00 | 50.00 | 50.00 |
合计Total (%) | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 |
营养水平Nutrient levels2) | |||
粗蛋白质Crude protein (%) | 10.06 | 12.10 | 14.12 |
代谢能Metabolizable energy (MJ·kg-1) | 10.14 | 10.12 | 10.10 |
粗脂肪Ether extract (%) | 2.72 | 2.85 | 2.98 |
中性洗涤纤维Neutral detergent fiber (%) | 37.47 | 38.50 | 39.52 |
酸性洗涤纤维Acid detergent fiber (%) | 19.14 | 20.12 | 21.10 |
钙Ca (%) | 0.64 | 0.66 | 0.69 |
磷P (%) | 0.42 | 0.45 | 0.48 |
项目 Items | 组别 Groups | 标准误 SEM | P值 P-value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
LP | MP | HP | |||
初始体重Initial weight (kg) | 31.63 | 32.17 | 31.33 | 0.17 | 0.12 |
终末体重Final weight (kg) | 47.83b | 55.67a | 52.83a | 1.00 | 0.00 |
平均日增重Average daily gains (G, g·d-1) | 154.30b | 223.80a | 204.80a | 9.51 | 0.00 |
平均日采食量Average daily feed intakes (F, g·d-1) | 1195.00c | 1424.00a | 1314.00b | 23.31 | 0.00 |
料重比Feed conversion ratio, F/G | 7.87a | 6.33b | 6.53b | 0.27 | 0.03 |
表2 饲粮蛋白质水平对藏系绵羊生长性能的影响
Table 2 Effects of dietary protein levels on growth performance of Tibetan sheep
项目 Items | 组别 Groups | 标准误 SEM | P值 P-value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
LP | MP | HP | |||
初始体重Initial weight (kg) | 31.63 | 32.17 | 31.33 | 0.17 | 0.12 |
终末体重Final weight (kg) | 47.83b | 55.67a | 52.83a | 1.00 | 0.00 |
平均日增重Average daily gains (G, g·d-1) | 154.30b | 223.80a | 204.80a | 9.51 | 0.00 |
平均日采食量Average daily feed intakes (F, g·d-1) | 1195.00c | 1424.00a | 1314.00b | 23.31 | 0.00 |
料重比Feed conversion ratio, F/G | 7.87a | 6.33b | 6.53b | 0.27 | 0.03 |
项目 Items | 组别 Groups | 标准误SEM | P值 P-value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
LP | MP | HP | |||
Shannon指数Shannon index | 5.54 | 5.02 | 5.05 | 0.24 | 0.63 |
Simpson指数Simpson index | 0.90 | 0.85 | 0.84 | 0.02 | 0.47 |
ACE指数ACE index | 1189.00 | 872.40 | 972.20 | 68.82 | 0.16 |
Chao 1指数Chao 1 index | 1078.00 | 850.20 | 940.60 | 58.26 | 0.29 |
表3 饲粮蛋白质水平对藏系绵羊瘤胃真菌菌群Alpha多样性指数的影响
Table 3 Effects of dietary protein levels on Alpha diversity index in rumen fungi flora of Tibetan sheep
项目 Items | 组别 Groups | 标准误SEM | P值 P-value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
LP | MP | HP | |||
Shannon指数Shannon index | 5.54 | 5.02 | 5.05 | 0.24 | 0.63 |
Simpson指数Simpson index | 0.90 | 0.85 | 0.84 | 0.02 | 0.47 |
ACE指数ACE index | 1189.00 | 872.40 | 972.20 | 68.82 | 0.16 |
Chao 1指数Chao 1 index | 1078.00 | 850.20 | 940.60 | 58.26 | 0.29 |
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