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草业学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (6): 151-161.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2020248

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同精粗比日粮对山羊生产性能、血清生化指标和瘤胃发酵的影响

霍俊宏1(), 詹康2, 黄秋生3, 钟小军1, 占今舜1(), 严学兵2()   

  1. 1.江西省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所,江西 南昌 330200
    2.扬州大学动物科学与技术学院,江苏 扬州 225009
    3.修水县畜牧水产局,江西 修水 332400
  • 收稿日期:2020-05-27 修回日期:2020-06-29 出版日期:2021-05-21 发布日期:2021-05-21
  • 通讯作者: 占今舜,严学兵
  • 作者简介:yxbbjzz@163.com
    E-mail: zhanjinshun1985@163.com
    霍俊宏(1975-),男,山西沁县人,副研究员,硕士。 E-mail: hjh_0222@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0502104);江西省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(JXARS-13-肉羊岗位),江西现代农业科研协同创新专项(JXXTCX201702-04);江西省草地畜牧业重大技术协同推广计划项目(2018-2020)资助

Effects of different concentration∶roughage ratios on growth performance, serum biochemical indices and ruminal fermentation of Nubian goats

Jun-hong HUO1(), Kang ZHAN2, Qiu-sheng HUANG3, Xiao-jun ZHONG1, Jin-shun ZHAN1(), Xue-bing YAN2()   

  1. 1.Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary,Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanchang 330200,China
    2.College of Animal Science and Technology,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China
    3.Animal husbandry and Aquatic Products Bureau of Xiushui County,Xiushui 332400,China
  • Received:2020-05-27 Revised:2020-06-29 Online:2021-05-21 Published:2021-05-21
  • Contact: Jin-shun ZHAN,Xue-bing YAN

摘要:

在相同蛋能比和钙磷比下,研究不同精粗比全混合日粮对努比亚山羊生长性能、血清生化指标和瘤胃发酵的影响。选择健康、体重相近的2月龄努比亚山羊母羊36只,随机分为3组,每组12只羊,分别饲喂精粗比为40∶60(L)、50∶50(M)和60∶40(H)的全混合日粮。试验期70 d。结果表明:1)正试期第14天,L组山羊的平均日采食量显著高于其他两组(P<0.01)。正试期第35天,L组山羊的平均日采食量显著高于H组(P<0.05),而料重比则相反。正试期第56天,L组山羊的平均日增重显著高于其他两组(P<0.05),而料重比则相反。2)正试期第14天,L组山羊血清白蛋白(albumin,ALB)和尿素氮(urea nitrogen,BUN)浓度显著高于H组(P<0.05)。正试期第56天,L组山羊血清ALB和血糖(glucose,GLU)含量以及M组山羊血清甘油三酯(triglyceride,TG)含量显著高于H组(P<0.05)。3)正试期第14天,M组山羊血清瘦素(leptin,LEP)和三碘甲状腺原氨酸(triiodothyronine,T3)浓度分别显著低于H组和L组(P<0.05)。正试期第35天,L组山羊血清LEP和胰岛素(insulin,INS)浓度显著高于其他两组(P<0.05)。正试期第56天,L组山羊血清生长激素(growth hormone,GH)浓度显著高于H组(P<0.05)。4)M组山羊的后腿重和屠宰率显著高于L组(P<0.05)。5)L组的乙酸、丙酸、丁酸、戊酸和总挥发性脂肪酸浓度均显著低于其他两组(P<0.05),而pH则相反。6)L组山羊瘤胃的黄色瘤胃球菌、溶纤维丁酸弧菌、白色瘤胃球菌和产琥珀酸丝状杆菌数量显著高于H组(P<0.05),而乳酸菌数量和嗜淀粉瘤胃杆菌则相反。M组山羊瘤胃的栖瘤胃普雷沃菌数量显著高于其他两组(P<0.05)。综上所述,努比亚山羊饲喂精粗比40∶60全混合日粮能够获得最佳的生产性能。

关键词: 山羊, 血清生化指标, 生长性能, 激素, 瘤胃发酵

Abstract:

This research evaluated the effects of total mixed rations with different concentration∶roughage ratios on growth performance, serum biochemical indices and ruminal fermentation of Nubian goats. The work was carried out with identical same ratios of protein∶energy and calcium∶phosphorus across treatments. Thirty-six healthy Nubian goats with similar body weight were chosen and divided into three groups with 12 goats per group. Goats in the three groups were fed total mixed rations with concentration∶roughage ratios of 40∶60 (L), 50∶50 (M) and 60∶40 (H), for an experimental period of 70 days. It was found that: 1) On day 14 of the formal experiment, the average daily feed intake of goats in group L was significantly higher (P<0.05) than that in the other two groups. On day 35 of the formal experiment, the average daily feed intake of goats in group L was significantly higher (P<0.05) than that in group H, but the ratio of feed to gain was lower. On day 56 of the formal experiment, the average daily gain of goats in group L was significantly higher (P<0.05) than that in other two groups, but the ratio of feed to gain was lower. 2) On day 14 of the formal experiment, levels of albumin and urea nitrogen in group L were significantly higher (P<0.05) than those in group H. On day 56 of the formal experiment, the levels of albumin and urea nitrogen in group L and the contents of triglyceride in group M were significantly higher (P<0.05) than those in group H. 3) The concentrations of serum leptin and triiodothyronine in group M were significantly lower (P<0.05) than those in groups H and L, respectively, on day 14 of the formal experiment. The concentrations of serum leptin and insulin in group L were significantly higher (P<0.05) than those in the other two groups on day 35 of the formal experiment. The concentration of growth hormone in group L was significantly higher (P<0.05) than that in group H on day 56 of the formal experiment. 4) The hind leg weight and dressing percentage of goats in group M were significantly higher (P<0.05) than in group L. 5) The concentrations of acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, pentanoic acid and total volatile fatty acids and the ratio of acetic acid to propionic acid in group L were significantly lower (P<0.05) than those in other two groups, and pH values were significantly higher (P<0.05). 6) The counts of Ruminococcus flavefaciensButyrivibrio fibrisolvens Ruminococcus albus and Fibrobacter succinogenes of goats in group L were significantly higher (P<0.05) than those in group H, and the counts of Lactobacillus spp. and Ruminobacter amylophilus were lower (P<0.05). The occurrence of Prevotella ruminicola in goats in group M was significantly higher (P<0.05) than that in the other two groups. In conclusion, the concentration∶roughage ratio of 40∶60 optimised the productive performance of Nubian goats fed total mixed rations under the conditions in this experiment.

Key words: goat, serum biochemical indices, growth performance, hormone, ruminal fermentation