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草业学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (1): 122-130.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2021500

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

不同混合盐碱下藜麦幼苗的抗性研究

许浩宇1,2(), 赵颖1,2, 阮倩1,2, 朱晓林1,2, 王宝强1,2, 魏小红1,2()   

  1. 1.甘肃农业大学生命科学技术学院,甘肃 兰州 730070
    2.省部共建干旱生境作物学重点实验室,甘肃农业大学,甘肃 兰州 730070
  • 收稿日期:2021-12-28 修回日期:2022-03-28 出版日期:2023-01-20 发布日期:2022-11-07
  • 通讯作者: 魏小红
  • 作者简介:E-mail: weixh@gsau.edu.cn
    许浩宇(1998-),男,河北保定人,在读硕士。E-mail: 380370692@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    甘肃省自然科学基金(21JR7RA808);甘肃农业大学干旱生境作物学重点实验室开放基金课题(GSCS-2021-10)

Resistance of quinoa seedlings under different salt-alkali stress levels

Hao-yu XU1,2(), Ying ZHAO1,2, Qian RUAN1,2, Xiao-lin ZHU1,2, Bao-qiang WANG1,2, Xiao-hong WEI1,2()   

  1. 1.College of Life Science and Technology,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China
    2.State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China
  • Received:2021-12-28 Revised:2022-03-28 Online:2023-01-20 Published:2022-11-07
  • Contact: Xiao-hong WEI

摘要:

探究不同混合盐碱下藜麦幼苗的抗性机制,为藜麦品种选育和引种栽培提供参考依据,以期解决西北地区土地盐碱化对藜麦的种植限制。以白藜麦为试验材料,用中性盐NaCl、Na2SO4和碱性盐NaHCO3、Na2CO3按不同比例混合成浓度为200 mmol·L-1 的A(NaCl∶Na2SO4=1∶1)、B(NaCl∶Na2SO4∶NaHCO3=1∶2∶1)、C(NaCl∶Na2SO4∶NaHCO3∶Na2CO3=1∶9∶9∶1)、D(NaCl∶Na2SO4∶NaHCO3∶Na2CO3=1∶1∶1∶1)、E(NaCl∶Na2SO4∶NaHCO3∶Na2CO3=9∶1∶1∶9)5种pH逐渐递增的盐碱溶液进行胁迫处理,分析不同盐碱胁迫对白藜麦幼苗生长、渗透调节物质含量、抗氧化酶活性及Na+区隔化相关基因NHX1aNHX1b表达量的影响。结果表明,随着胁迫时间的增加,藜麦株高受到抑制,根长和根冠比得到促进;与CK相比,E处理下的株高最大降低15.39%,C处理下的根长最高增长35.97%和根冠比最高增加53.10%;叶片中丙二醛(MDA)含量先升高后降低且E处理下保持较低水平,可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白和脯氨酸(Pro)含量在A、B、C处理下先升后降,D和E处理下不断上升;叶片中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)活性先升后降,过氧化物酶(POD)活性不断下降,过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性先升后保持不变;叶片中Na+区隔化相关基因NHX1aNHX1b表达量先降后升,且基因表达量按大小排序均为E>D>B>C>A。说明随着盐碱溶液中碱性盐比例的增加,对藜麦幼苗的损害不断加深,但藜麦仍可通过渗透调节、抗氧化系统和抗盐相关基因表达等耐盐途径提高自身的耐受性。

关键词: 藜麦, 混合盐碱, 幼苗生长, 生理特性, 基因表达

Abstract:

This research explored the resistance mechanism of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) seedlings under different salt-alkali stress levels, to provide reference data for its breeding, introduction and cultivation. It was envisaged the research would overcome the planting limitation of quinoa arising from to land salinization in northwest China. In this study, neutral salts (NaCl, Na2SO4) and alkaline salts (NaHCO3, Na2CO3) mixed in different proportions with a concentration of 200 mmol·L-1 were used as stress treatments. These included: A) NaCl∶Na2SO4 =1∶1, B) NaCl∶Na2SO4∶NaHCO3 =1∶2∶1, C) NaCl∶Na2SO4∶NaHCO3∶Na2CO3 =1∶9∶9∶1, D) NaCl∶Na2SO4∶NaHCO3∶Na2CO3 =1∶1∶1∶1, E) NaCl∶Na2SO4∶NaHCO3∶Na2CO3 =9∶1∶1∶9. This series was designed to provide gradually increasing pH as stress treatments. There was also a control (CK) treatment. The effects of the different saline-alkali stress levels on the growth of white quinoa seedlings, the levels of osmotic regulators, the activity of antioxidant enzymes and the expression of NHX1a and NHX1b genes related to Na+ compartmentalization were analyzed. It was found that with increased stress time, the plant height of quinoa was suppressed, and the root length and root∶shoot were promoted. Compared with CK, the plant height under treatment E was decreased by 15.39%, and the root length under treatment C was increased by 35.97% and the root∶shoot was increased by 53.10%. Across the salt concentration series, the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in leaves increased initially and then decreased, and was low under treatment E. The contents of soluble sugar, soluble protein and proline (Pro) increased first and then decreased under the treatment of components A, B and C, and increased continuously under the treatment of components D and E. The superoxide dismutase and ascorbate peroxidase activities in the leaves initially increased and then decreased, peroxide enzyme activity progressively declined, catalase activity increased initially and then plateaued. The expression of Na+ compartmentalization-related genes NHX1a and NHX1b in leaves decreased initially and then increased, and the gene expression ranked in order treatment E>D>B>C>A. The results showed that as the proportion of alkaline salt in the saline solution was increased, the damage to quinoa seedlings progressively intensified, but quinoa has capacity to improve its own tolerance through salt tolerance mechanisms such as osmotic regulation, antioxidant production, and salt tolerance-related gene expression.

Key words: Chenopodium quinoa, mixed saline-alkali, seedling growth, physiological trait, gene expression