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草业学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (3): 73-84.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2023155

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

高寒区氮添加和间作种植互作对燕麦和豌豆根系构型影响的研究

鲍根生1,2(), 李媛1,3, 冯晓云1,3, 张鹏1,3, 孟思宇1,3   

  1. 1.青海省畜牧兽医科学院,青海 西宁 810016
    2.青海省青藏高原优良牧草种质资源利用重点实验室,青海 西宁 810016
    3.青海大学畜牧兽医科学院,青海 西宁 810003
  • 收稿日期:2023-05-09 修回日期:2023-08-28 出版日期:2024-03-20 发布日期:2023-12-27
  • 通讯作者: 鲍根生
  • 作者简介:鲍根生(1980-),男,青海乐都人,副研究员,博士。E-mail: E-mail: baogensheng2008@hotmail.com
    鲍根生(1980-),男,青海乐都人,副研究员,博士。E-mail: baogensheng2008@hotmail.com
  • 基金资助:
    青海省科技厅应用基础研究(2022-ZJ-715);国家自然科学基金项目(32060398)

Interactive effects of intercropping patterns and nitrogen addition on root architectural characteristics of oat and pea in an alpine region

Gen-sheng BAO1,2(), Yuan LI1,3, Xiao-yun FENG1,3, Peng ZHANG1,3, Si-yu MENG1,3   

  1. 1.Qinghai Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,Xining 810016,China
    2.Key Laboratory of Superior Forage Germplasm in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,Xining 810016,China
    3.Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,Qinghai University,Xining 810003,China
  • Received:2023-05-09 Revised:2023-08-28 Online:2024-03-20 Published:2023-12-27
  • Contact: Gen-sheng BAO

摘要:

种间根系的相互作用是禾豆间作体系系统生产力提升的关键途径,外源氮素添加也能显著改变植物根系构型。然而,有关氮添加和间作种植方式对燕麦和豌豆根系构型影响的研究鲜有报道。基于此,本研究以燕麦和豌豆为对象,比较氮添加和不同间作种植方式对燕麦和豌豆生物量、根系形态及构型的影响。结果表明:1)高氮隔行间作燕麦地上和地下生物量最高,而高氮单播豌豆生物量最高;2)高氮隔行间作燕麦除根体积和根尖数外,其他根系形态参数显著高于单播燕麦,高氮单播豌豆的根表面积、根体积和根尖数最高,而未添加氮单播豌豆的分叉数、内部和外部连接数最高;3)高氮间作燕麦拓扑指数和分形维数较高,未添加氮单播豌豆分形维数较高;4)氮添加和间作种植可增加燕麦根体积、根表面积、外部连接数和促进侧根生长,而间作种植和氮添加却降低豌豆根系连接数、根尖数、内部连接数和抑制侧根发育。由此可见,氮添加和间作种植通过增加燕麦根系与土壤接触面积强化燕麦获取土壤的能力,进而使间作燕麦生物量快速增加,这将为燕麦和豌豆间作体系中燕麦常表现出强竞争力和积累高生物量提供直接证据。

关键词: 燕麦, 豌豆, 间作, 根系形态, 拓扑结构

Abstract:

Interspecific interactions among plant roots are a crucial pathway to improve the productivity of intercropping systems, and the addition of exogenous nitrogen also plays an important role in altering the architectural characteristics of plant roots. However, few studies have explored the interactive effects of intercropping patterns and nitrogen addition on the architectural characteristics of roots in intercropping systems. We conducted a field experiment to examine the effect of intercropping patterns and nitrogen addition on plant biomass and on the morphological and architectural characteristics of roots in oat-pea intercropping systems. We found that the highest values of above- and belowground biomass for oat were in the alternate-row intercropping system with high nitrogen addition, whereas the maximum biomass of pea was in a monoculture with no nitrogen addition. The root morphological traits of oat in the alternate-row intercropping system with high nitrogen addition were superior to those of monocultured oat. In contrast, in pea, the maximum root area, root volume, and number of root tips were in a monoculture with high nitrogen addition, while the highest number of root forks and maximum altitude and magnitude of roots was in a monoculture with no added nitrogen. The maximum values for the altitude and magnitude of oat roots were in an alternate-row intercropping system, while the maximum value for the altitude of pea roots was in a monoculture with no nitrogen addition. Furthermore, nitrogen addition and intercropping simultaneously had positive effects on oat roots through increasing the root area, volume, and magnitude, and promoting lateral root growth, but had negative effects on pea roots by decreasing the number of connections and tips, reducing the root altitude, and suppressing the growth of lateral root growth. Our findings suggest that both nitrogen addition and intercropping can strengthen the nutrient absorption capacity of roots by increasing the contact area between roots and soil, leading to greater accumulation of biomass. These findings support the hypothesis that oat shows stronger competitiveness and higher productivity than pea when grown in oat-pea intercropping systems.

Key words: oat, pea, intercropping, root morphology, topological structure