欢迎访问《草业学报》官方网站,今天是 分享到:

草业学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (6): 134-145.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2022388

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

豌豆土壤中潜在自毒物质的鉴定及自毒效应研究

马绍英1(), 陈桂平2,3, 王娜4, 马蕾2,3, 连荣芳5, 李胜2,4(), 张绪成6()   

  1. 1.甘肃农业大学基础实验教学中心,甘肃 兰州 730070
    2.省部共建干旱生境作物学国家重点实验室,甘肃 兰州 730070
    3.甘肃农业大学农学院,甘肃 兰州 730070
    4.甘肃农业大学生命科学技术学院,甘肃 兰州 730070
    5.定西市农业科学研究院,甘肃 定西 743000
    6.甘肃省农业科学院旱地农业科学研究所,甘肃 兰州 730070
  • 收稿日期:2022-09-27 修回日期:2022-10-31 出版日期:2023-06-20 发布日期:2023-04-21
  • 通讯作者: 李胜,张绪成
  • 作者简介:E-mail: gszhangxuch@163.com
    E-mail: lish@gsau.edu.cn
    马绍英(1975-),女,甘肃兰州人,高级实验师,硕士。E-mail: mashy@gsau.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    豌豆连作障碍的引发及反馈机理研究(21JR7RA822);寒旱区优势作物绿色提质生产技术研究与示范(20ZD7NA007);国家绿肥产业技术体系(CARS-22-G-12);国家自然基金(31460382);财政部、农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系-食用豆(CARS-08);国家自然科学基金(32260483)

Identification of potential autotoxic substances in pea soil and analysis of their autotoxic effects

Shao-ying MA1(), Gui-ping CHEN2,3, Na WANG4, Lei MA2,3, Rong-fang LIAN5, Sheng LI2,4(), Xu-cheng ZHANG6()   

  1. 1.Basic Experimental Teaching Center,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China
    2.State Key Laboratory of Arid Land Crop Science,Lanzhou 730070,China
    3.College of Agriculture,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China
    4.College of Life Science and Technology,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China
    5.Dingxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Dingxi 743000,China
    6.Dryland Agricultural Institute,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou 730070,China
  • Received:2022-09-27 Revised:2022-10-31 Online:2023-06-20 Published:2023-04-21
  • Contact: Sheng LI,Xu-cheng ZHANG

摘要:

自毒作用是引发连作障碍的重要原因之一。为明确大田种植豌豆土壤中潜在自毒物质并探究其自毒效应,采用气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GC-MS)鉴定大田种植的2种基因型豌豆(定豌10号、云豌8号)根际土壤中潜在的自毒物质。并通过水培的方式,研究了不同浓度的潜在自毒物质对豌豆(定豌10号、云豌8号)种子萌发、幼苗生长及生理指标的影响,以期为豌豆连作障碍的发生提供参考依据。结果表明,芥酸酰胺是2种基因型豌豆中共有的潜在自毒物质。0.1 mmol·L-1的芥酸酰胺可促进定豌10号种子的萌发,0.10、0.25、0.50 mmol·L-1的芥酸酰胺均可促进云豌8号种子的萌发。不同浓度芥酸酰胺显著降低了定豌10号植株体内超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性,增加了丙二醛(MDA)含量。高浓度的芥酸酰胺显著增加了云豌8号MDA含量,降低了脯氨酸(Pro)含量及根系POD活性。生长指标的综合化感效应结果表明,2种基因型豌豆植株的生长均受到抑制,且定豌10号的抑制程度大于云豌8号。说明,芥酸酰胺作为豌豆根际土壤中潜在化感物质,对豌豆种子的萌发具有低促高抑的浓度效应,对豌豆植株的生长产生抑制效应,且促进与抑制程度因豌豆基因型而异。

关键词: 豌豆, 自毒物质, 种子萌发, 幼苗生长, 自毒效应

Abstract:

Autotoxicity is one of the main problems in continuous cropping. The aims of this study were to identify potential autotoxins in soil where pea (Pisum sativum) had been cultivated and to explore their autotoxic effects. We collected rhizosphere soil from two pea genotypes (cultivars Ding wan 10 and Yun wan 8) in the field, and used gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to identify potential autotoxins in these soil samples. Then, the effects of potential autotoxins at different concentrations on the seed germination, seedling growth, and physiological indexes of pea (cultivars Ding wan 10 and Yun wan 8) were evaluated using a hydroponic system. Erucamide was detected as a potential autotoxin in both pea genotypes. Erucamide at a concentration of 0.1 mmol·L–1 promoted the germination of Ding wan 10 seeds, and erucamide at concentrations of 0.10, 0.25 and 0.50 mmol·L–1 promoted the germination of Yun wan 8 seeds. It was found that erucamide at different concentrations significantly decreased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD), and increased the malondialdehyde (MDA) content in Ding wan 10. A high concentration of erucamide significantly increased the MDA content in Yun wan 8, and decreased the proline (Pro) content and POD activity in pea roots. These analyses of the allelopathic effects of potential autotoxins on pea plants revealed that erucamide inhibited the growth of two pea genotypes, with a stronger inhibitory effect on Ding wan 10 than on Yun wan 8. Thus, erucamide is a potential autotoxin in pea rhizosphere soil, and its effects depend on its concentration. A low concentration can promote seed germination but higher concentrations can inhibit seed germination and plant growth. The degree of promotion and inhibition varies among different pea genotypes.

Key words: pea, autotoxins, seed germination, seedling growth, autotoxic effect