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草业学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (4): 12-21.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2023207

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同利用方式对大针茅草原植被群落特征的影响

索晓晶1(), 项磊1, 高贺1, 运向军2(), 哈斯巴根2, 吴金蕊2, 董文成1, 滑博伟1, 牟金燚1, 王琪2   

  1. 1.中国地质调查局呼和浩特自然资源综合调查中心,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010013
    2.中国农业科学院草原研究所,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010010
  • 收稿日期:2023-06-23 修回日期:2023-09-19 出版日期:2024-04-20 发布日期:2024-01-15
  • 通讯作者: 运向军
  • 作者简介:E-mail: yunxiangjun@126.com
    索晓晶(1990-),男,内蒙古丰镇人,硕士。E-mail: suoxiaojingboy@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2021GG0058);全国草原资源调查监测专项任务(呼和浩特中心)(DD20211599);内蒙古自治区自然科学基金(2023MS03012);内蒙古自治区自然科学基金(2021MS03076)

Effects of different utilization methods on community characteristics of primary vegetation of Stipa grandis steppe, Inner Mongolia, China

Xiao-jing SUO1(), Lei XIANG1, He GAO1, Xiang-jun YUN2(), Ba-gen HASI2, Jin-rui WU2, Wen-cheng DONG1, Bo-wei HUA1, Jin-yi MOU1, Qi WANG2   

  1. 1.Hohhot Natural Resources Comprehensive Survey Center,China Geological Survey,Hohhot 010013,China
    2.Institute of Grassland Research,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science,Hohhot 010010,China
  • Received:2023-06-23 Revised:2023-09-19 Online:2024-04-20 Published:2024-01-15
  • Contact: Xiang-jun YUN

摘要:

探究不同利用方式对大针茅典型草原群落植被特征的影响,可为大针茅草原制定合理科学的利用制度提供理论依据。本试验将大针茅典型草原作为研究对象,基于入户调查在打草场、全年放牧及季节轮牧3种利用方式的草地上进行植物群落调查,计算重要值以及多样性指数,分析植物多样性与生物量的关系。结果表明:1)3种利用方式下大针茅草原的优势植物类群一致;2)3种利用方式下群落物种多样性无显著差异,但功能群的物种多样性差异显著,多年生禾草的物种多样性在打草场和季节轮牧下高于全年放牧,灌木半灌木的物种多样性则在全年放牧下高于打草场和季节轮牧;3)打草场和季节轮牧的地上现存量显著高于全年放牧,多年生禾草的相对地上现存量在打草场中高于季节轮牧,多年生杂类草则与之相反;4)在打草场和季节轮牧下,植物多样性与地上现存量呈显著正相关关系。综上,打草场和季节轮牧在维持较高的物种多样性的同时能保持较高的地上现存量,更加有利于大针茅草原的可持续利用,但两者维持生态系统功能的群落结构有所不同。

关键词: 利用方式, 典型草原, 生产力, 多样性

Abstract:

This study explored the effects of different utilization methods on community plant characteristics of Stipa grandis steppe, in order to provide scientific data to assist with the formulation of an optimal utilization system for this grassland. Together with a household survey, plant communities were investigated in S. grandis steppe with three utilization modes: annual mowing, annual grazing and seasonal rotational grazing. We calculated important values and diversity indices to analyze the relationship between plant diversity and biomass. It was found that, 1) The dominant plant groups of S. grandis grassland under the three utilization modes were consistent. 2) There was no significant difference in community species diversity among the three utilization methods, but there was significant difference in functional group species diversity. The species diversity of perennial grasses under mowing was higher than that under annual grazing and seasonal rotation grazing; the species diversity of shrubs and subshrubs under annual grazing was higher than that of annual grazing and seasonal rotation grazing. 3) Above-ground standing crop of annual mowing and seasonal rotation grazing was significantly higher than that of annual grazing. 4) There was a significant positive correlation between plant diversity and biomass under annual mowing and seasonal rotation grazing. In conclusion, mowing and seasonal rotation grazing maintained high species diversity while maintaining high above-ground standing crop, which is conducive to the sustainable use of S. grandis steppe, but the community structure of the two was different and therefore would support different ecosystem functions.

Key words: mode of utilization, typical steppe, productivity, diversity