草业学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (10): 28-36.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2023470
收稿日期:
2023-12-04
修回日期:
2024-01-31
出版日期:
2024-10-20
发布日期:
2024-07-15
通讯作者:
吴静
作者简介:
Corresponding author. E-mail: wujing@gsau.edu.cn基金资助:
Li-jing LIU(), Jing WU(
), Chun-bin LI, Xiu-hong CHANG
Received:
2023-12-04
Revised:
2024-01-31
Online:
2024-10-20
Published:
2024-07-15
Contact:
Jing WU
摘要:
基于MODIS实际蒸散量(ET)和潜在蒸散量(PET)反演作物缺水指数(CWSI),研究黄土高原生长季干旱时空变化特征,并用CWSI和植被归一化指数(NDVI)进行偏相关分析以探究生长季内最干旱月份对NDVI的影响。结果表明:1)黄土高原生长季CWSI多年平均值为0.777,处于中度干旱状态,空间分布表现为东南部较轻,西北部较严重的特征,且高程在1200~1700 m区域内的干旱程度最高;2)2001-2020年多年生长季CWSI整体呈显著下降趋势,其中2001年干旱程度最高,2018年干旱程度最低;在整个生长季内,黄土高原在4月的干旱程度最高;8月的干旱程度最低。具体表现为:4-10月,干旱等级从重旱过渡到中旱和轻旱,又从轻旱演变成中旱;3)从植被类型角度分析,荒漠、草原的分布区域属于重旱;草甸、栽培植被、灌丛的分布区域属于中旱;针叶林、阔叶林的分布区域属于轻旱,且不同植被类型在植被生长季的CWSI均呈波动下降趋势。研究结果可为黄土高原地区的生态预警和旱灾预估提供科学依据。
刘立靖, 吴静, 李纯斌, 常秀红. 2001-2020年黄土高原植被生长季干旱的时空分布[J]. 草业学报, 2024, 33(10): 28-36.
Li-jing LIU, Jing WU, Chun-bin LI, Xiu-hong CHANG. Spatial and temporal distributions of drought on the Loess Plateau during the growing seasons of 2001-2020[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2024, 33(10): 28-36.
图1 黄土高原植被类型该图基于自然资源部标准地图服务网站GS(2019)1822号标准地图制作,底图边界无修改。Produced based on the Department of Natural Resources standard map service website, standard map No. GS (2019) 1822, with no modifications to the base map boundaries.
Fig. 1 Vegetation types on the Loess Plateau
等级 Grade | 作物缺水指数 CWSI | 类型 Type |
---|---|---|
1 | 0.0~0.6 | 无旱 No drought |
2 | 0.6~0.7 | 轻旱 Light drought |
3 | 0.7~0.8 | 中旱 Mid-drought |
4 | 0.8~0.9 | 重旱 Heavy drought |
5 | 0.9~1.0 | 特旱 Extraordinary drought |
表1 干旱等级划分
Table 1 Drought classification
等级 Grade | 作物缺水指数 CWSI | 类型 Type |
---|---|---|
1 | 0.0~0.6 | 无旱 No drought |
2 | 0.6~0.7 | 轻旱 Light drought |
3 | 0.7~0.8 | 中旱 Mid-drought |
4 | 0.8~0.9 | 重旱 Heavy drought |
5 | 0.9~1.0 | 特旱 Extraordinary drought |
图2 黄土高原干旱等级分布该图基于自然资源部标准地图服务网站GS(2019)1822号标准地图制作,底图边界无修改。Produced based on the Department of Natural Resources standard map service website, standard map No. GS (2019) 1822, with no modifications to the base map boundaries.
Fig. 2 Distribution of drought levels on the Loess Plateau
图3 黄土高原高程分级示意图该图基于自然资源部标准地图服务网站GS(2019)1822号标准地图制作,底图边界无修改。Produced based on the Department of Natural Resources standard map service website, standard map No. GS (2019) 1822, with no modifications to the base map boundaries.
Fig. 3 Schematic diagram of the elevation classification of the Loess Plateau
高程Altitude (m) | 范围Range | 平均值Average |
---|---|---|
83~700 | 0.48~0.89 | 0.74 |
700~1200 | 0.40~0.96 | 0.79 |
1200~1700 | 0.39~0.95 | 0.81 |
1700~2300 | 0.43~0.95 | 0.75 |
2300~2800 | 0.45~0.94 | 0.71 |
2800~4885 | 0.50~0.85 | 0.67 |
表2 CSWI在不同高程区间内的分布
Table 2 Distribution of CSWI in different elevation intervals
高程Altitude (m) | 范围Range | 平均值Average |
---|---|---|
83~700 | 0.48~0.89 | 0.74 |
700~1200 | 0.40~0.96 | 0.79 |
1200~1700 | 0.39~0.95 | 0.81 |
1700~2300 | 0.43~0.95 | 0.75 |
2300~2800 | 0.45~0.94 | 0.71 |
2800~4885 | 0.50~0.85 | 0.67 |
图4 黄土高原2001-2020年CWSI年均变化(a)和黄土高原4-10月CWSI月均变化(b)
Fig. 4 Annual mean changes of CWSI in 2001-2020 (a) and monthly mean changes of CWSI in April-October (b) on the Loess Plateau
图7 4月CWSI与4 (a)、5 (b)和6 (c)月NDVI的偏相关系数该图基于自然资源部标准地图服务网站GS(2019)1822号标准地图制作,底图边界无修改。Produced based on the Department of Natural Resources standard map service website, standard map No. GS (2019)1822, with no modifications to the base map boundaries.
Fig. 7 Bias correlation coefficients between CWSI in April and NDVI in April (a), May (b) and June (c)
植被类型 Vegetation type | 偏相关系数平均值 Mean partial correlation coefficient | ||
---|---|---|---|
4月 April | 5月 May | 6月 June | |
栽培植被 Cultural vegetation | -0.098 | -0.110 | -0.056 |
草甸 Meadow | -0.106 | -0.125 | -0.088 |
草原 Grassland | -0.155 | -0.173 | -0.104 |
灌丛 Bush-wood | -0.145 | -0.153 | -0.093 |
荒漠 Desert | -0.069 | -0.035 | 0.116 |
阔叶林Broad-leaved forest | -0.139 | -0.126 | -0.034 |
针叶林Soft-wood forest | -0.121 | -0.121 | -0.046 |
表3 4-6月不同植被类型的CWSI和NDVI偏相关系数平均值
Table 3 Mean partial correlation coefficients of CWSI and NDVI of different vegetation types in April, May and June
植被类型 Vegetation type | 偏相关系数平均值 Mean partial correlation coefficient | ||
---|---|---|---|
4月 April | 5月 May | 6月 June | |
栽培植被 Cultural vegetation | -0.098 | -0.110 | -0.056 |
草甸 Meadow | -0.106 | -0.125 | -0.088 |
草原 Grassland | -0.155 | -0.173 | -0.104 |
灌丛 Bush-wood | -0.145 | -0.153 | -0.093 |
荒漠 Desert | -0.069 | -0.035 | 0.116 |
阔叶林Broad-leaved forest | -0.139 | -0.126 | -0.034 |
针叶林Soft-wood forest | -0.121 | -0.121 | -0.046 |
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