草业学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (5): 212-224.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2025205
• 综合评述 • 上一篇
收稿日期:2025-05-21
修回日期:2025-07-07
出版日期:2026-05-20
发布日期:2026-03-11
通讯作者:
高英志
作者简介:Corresponding author. E-mail: gaoyz108@nenu.edu.cn基金资助:
Meng YAN1(
), Ying-zhi GAO1,2(
)
Received:2025-05-21
Revised:2025-07-07
Online:2026-05-20
Published:2026-03-11
Contact:
Ying-zhi GAO
摘要:
植物根瘤共生固氮对维持草地氮循环平衡和生态系统稳定至关重要。放牧作为常见的草地利用方式,对植物根瘤共生固氮有着复杂且深远的影响。本研究全面梳理放牧对植物根瘤共生固氮的影响机制,发现其主要通过生物和非生物因子多维度影响固氮过程。生物因素主要通过食草动物的啃食、践踏以及小型无脊椎动物的活动,改变了植物群落结构、微生物栖息地与土壤微生态,进而促进或抑制根瘤的共生固氮过程。放牧改变非生物因子如土壤温湿度、酸碱度、土壤养分等,重塑根瘤与植物共生的外部环境,进而影响共生固氮过程。大多数研究表明适度放牧可促进根瘤的形成与固氮效率的提升,过度放牧则导致根瘤的结构功能受损、固氮效能降低。本研究从植物根瘤共生固氮的全新视角,解析了放牧对其影响的机理,结果能为草地放牧科学管理提供理论依据,助力优化放牧策略,实现草地资源的可持续利用。
闫蒙, 高英志. 放牧对植物根瘤共生固氮影响的研究进展[J]. 草业学报, 2026, 35(5): 212-224.
Meng YAN, Ying-zhi GAO. Progress in research on the impact of grazing on symbiotic nitrogen fixation of plant root nodules[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2026, 35(5): 212-224.
图1 放牧对植物-微生物共生固氮系统的作用路径框架家畜啃食、践踏等改变植物光合及土壤紧实度;家畜排泄物等改变微生物网络,进而影响根瘤菌等,改变共生固氮效率。Livestock gnawing and trampling alter plant photosynthesis and soil compaction, while livestock excrement modify microbial networks, thereby influencing rhizobia communities and ultimately modulating the efficiency of symbiotic nitrogen fixation.
Fig.1 Schematic diagram of the action pathway of grazing on the plant microbe symbiotic nitrogen fixation system
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