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草业学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (6): 17-28.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2023243

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同放牧时间对荒漠草原土壤颗粒组成及分形维数的影响

姜海鑫1,2,3(), 周瑶1,2,3,4, 胡科5, 丁占胜5, 马红彬1,2,3,4()   

  1. 1.宁夏大学农业农村部饲草高效生产模式创新重点实验室,宁夏 银川 750021
    2.宁夏大学宁夏草牧业工程技术研究中心,宁夏 银川 750021
    3.宁夏大学林业与草业学院,宁夏 银川 750021
    4.宁夏大学西北土地退化与生态恢复省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地,宁夏 银川 750021
    5.宁夏吴忠市利通区林业和草原局,宁夏 吴忠 751100
  • 收稿日期:2023-07-13 修回日期:2023-09-11 出版日期:2024-06-20 发布日期:2024-03-20
  • 通讯作者: 马红彬
  • 作者简介:E-mail: ma_hb@nxu.edu.cn
    姜海鑫(1998-),男,山西长治人,在读硕士。 E-mail: 12022131412@stu.nxu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(32060406);宁夏重点研发计划项目(2020BBF02003);宁夏中央引导地方科技发展专项(2023FRD05035);宁夏高等学校一流学科建设(草学学科)资助项目(NXYLXK2017A01);宁夏自然科学基金项目(2023AAC05020)

Effects of different grazing times on soil particle composition and fractal dimension in the desert steppe

Hai-xin JIANG1,2,3(), Yao ZHOU1,2,3,4, Ke HU5, Zhan-sheng DING5, Hong-bin MA1,2,3,4()   

  1. 1.Key Laboratory for Model Innovation in Forage Production Efficiency,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,P. R. China,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China
    2.Ningxia Grassland and Animal Husbandry Engineering Technology Research Center,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China
    3.College of Forestry and Prataculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China
    4.Breeding Base for State Key Laboratory of Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration of Northwest China,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China
    5.Ningxia Wuzhong City Litong District Forestry and Grassland Administration,Wuzhong 751100,China
  • Received:2023-07-13 Revised:2023-09-11 Online:2024-06-20 Published:2024-03-20
  • Contact: Hong-bin MA

摘要:

研究放牧时间对草原土壤颗粒组成和分形维数的影响,有助于了解放牧干扰下草地土壤质量和草地生态状况,为草地适时放牧提供理论依据。以宁夏荒漠草原为对象,设置禁牧封育(FY)、传统时间轮牧(FG)、延迟开始轮牧(YG)、提前结束轮牧(TG)、延迟开始并提前结束轮牧(YT)5种不同时间放牧处理,研究了不同放牧时间下荒漠草原土壤颗粒组成及分形维数的变化及其影响因素。结果表明:各处理下荒漠草原土壤质地以粉粒、极细砂粒和细砂粒为主,0~40 cm土层处理间土壤颗粒组成差异显著(P<0.05),土壤颗粒分形维数变化范围为2.11~2.75,且随土层加深逐渐增大。总体上土壤YG粉粒含量、分形维数最高;0~10 cm土层除FY最低外,其余土层粉粒含量与分形维数均以FG处理最低。土壤分形维数与粉粒含量呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),与极细砂粒和细砂粒含量呈显著或极显著负相关(P<0.01,P<0.05),土壤颗粒分形维数与有机碳、总孔隙度呈正相关,与容重、速效钾、毛管孔隙度呈负相关。研究认为,分形维数可表征荒漠草原土壤质地变化,延迟放牧改善了土壤颗粒组成及分形维数,有利于土壤质量发展,可作为荒漠草原适时放牧的参考依据。

关键词: 颗粒组成, 分形维数, 放牧时间, 荒漠草原

Abstract:

Studying the impact of the timing of grazing on soil particle composition and fractal dimension in grasslands is crucial for understanding how grazing disturbances affect soil quality and the ecological conditions of grasslands. The overall aim of this research, therefore, was to provide a theoretical foundation for determining the most suitable timing of grazing in grassland ecosystems. This study was conducted on the desert steppe of Ningxia, and five grazing treatments were implemented: forbidden grazing (FY), traditional time rotational grazing (FG), delayed start rotational grazing (YG), early end rotational grazing (TG), and delayed start and early end rotational grazing (YT). We collected soil samples from all of these treatments. Then, we determined how different grazing timing influenced changes in soil particle composition and fractal dimension on the desert steppe and identified the factors driving these changes. The results clearly demonstrate that across all treatments, the primary components of soil texture in desert steppe were silt, very fine sand, and fine sand particles. We observed significant variations in soil particle composition among treatments within the 0-40 cm soil depth range (P<0.05). The soil particle fractal dimension ranged from 2.11 to 2.75, with a gradual increase with increasing soil depth. Notably, YG had the highest silt content and fractal dimension. The silt content and fractal dimension FY of 0-10 cm soil layer were the lowest, and the FG treatment was the lowest in the other soil layers. The soil fractal dimension was significantly positively correlated with silt content (P<0.01), and significantly negatively correlated with very fine sand and fine sand contents (P<0.01, P<0.05). The soil particle fractal dimension was positively correlated with organic carbon content and total porosity, and negatively correlated with bulk density, available potassium content, and capillary porosity. In conclusion, our results suggest that the fractal dimension can effectively serve as an indicator of changes in soil texture on the desert steppe. Delayed grazing practices positively influence soil particle composition and fractal dimension, ultimately improving soil quality. These findings offer valuable insights for determining the optimal timing of grazing on the desert steppe.

Key words: particle composition, fractal dimension, grazing time, desert steppe