草业学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (6): 166-180.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2025246
• 研究论文 • 上一篇
张辉(
), 李慧玲, 王庆森, 刘丰静, 李金玉, 李良德, 钟秋生(
), 王定锋(
)
收稿日期:2025-06-23
修回日期:2025-08-18
出版日期:2026-06-20
发布日期:2026-04-13
通讯作者:
钟秋生,王定锋
作者简介:109259162@qq.com基金资助:
Hui ZHANG(
), Hui-ling LI, Qing-sen WANG, Feng-jing LIU, Jin-yu LI, Liang-de LI, Qiu-sheng ZHONG(
), Ding-feng WANG(
)
Received:2025-06-23
Revised:2025-08-18
Online:2026-06-20
Published:2026-04-13
Contact:
Qiu-sheng ZHONG,Ding-feng WANG
摘要:
茶园杂草管理是影响茶叶产量与品质的关键问题,长期使用化学除草剂已导致土壤生态系统恶化。本研究以茶园优势杂草野艾蒿为对象,通过Illumina Miseq高通量测序分析土壤细菌(16S rDNA)和真菌(ITS)群落结构,结合土壤理化性质测定,探究其与茶树间作对土壤微生物群落及肥力的影响,为野艾蒿的茶园利用提供理论依据。结果表明:间作野艾蒿显著提高茶树根际土壤有机质(18.66%)、全氮(23.08%)和速效钾(30.63%)含量。间作未显著改变细菌和真菌的α多样性(Shannon和Chao 1指数),但显著改变了群落组成。真菌优势属中,绿僵菌属在根际土壤的相对丰度增加8.22倍,间作茶行土壤增加93.92%;细菌中芽单胞菌属、纤维堆囊菌属和玫瑰弯菌属相对丰度在间作区显著增加,同时野艾蒿间作更易影响土壤中相对丰度较低的真菌和细菌类群。总之,茶树野艾蒿间作模式可提高茶树根际土壤有机质、全氮和速效钾含量,改变土壤微生物群落结构,增加有益菌绿僵菌属、芽单胞菌属、纤维堆囊菌属和玫瑰弯菌属的丰度。该研究结果为茶园生态控草和可持续管理提供了理论依据。
张辉, 李慧玲, 王庆森, 刘丰静, 李金玉, 李良德, 钟秋生, 王定锋. 茶园间作杂草野艾蒿对茶园土壤微生物结构及多样性的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2026, 35(6): 166-180.
Hui ZHANG, Hui-ling LI, Qing-sen WANG, Feng-jing LIU, Jin-yu LI, Liang-de LI, Qiu-sheng ZHONG, Ding-feng WANG. Effects of intercropping the weed Artemisia lavandulaefolia on soil microbial structure and diversity in tea gardens[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2026, 35(6): 166-180.
处理 Treatment | pH | 土壤有机质 Soil organic matter (g·kg-1) | 全氮 Total nitrogen (g·kg-1) | 有效磷 Available phosphorus (mg·kg-1) | 碱解氮 Available nitrogen (mg·kg-1) | 速效钾 Available potassium (mg·kg-1) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CK | 3.56±0.045bB | 47.90±1.50aA | 2.40±0.07aA | 20.85±0.87aA | 167.50±10.50aA | 251.50±5.48aA |
| TA | 3.67±0.040bB | 42.25±1.15bA | 2.16±0.02bB | 21.60±0.69aA | 156.00±0.00aA | 168.50±0.87bB |
| TC | 4.05±0.050aA | 31.80±0.70cB | 1.76±0.01cC | 12.05±0.38cB | 148.00±7.00abA | 217.50±7.79aA |
| CC | 4.15±0.040aA | 26.80±0.40dB | 1.43±0.01dD | 14.10±0.29bB | 126.50±7.50bA | 166.50±10.68bB |
表1 茶园间作野艾蒿对土壤理化性质的影响
Table 1 Effects of intercropping A. lavandulaefolia in tea garden on soil physicochemical properties
处理 Treatment | pH | 土壤有机质 Soil organic matter (g·kg-1) | 全氮 Total nitrogen (g·kg-1) | 有效磷 Available phosphorus (mg·kg-1) | 碱解氮 Available nitrogen (mg·kg-1) | 速效钾 Available potassium (mg·kg-1) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CK | 3.56±0.045bB | 47.90±1.50aA | 2.40±0.07aA | 20.85±0.87aA | 167.50±10.50aA | 251.50±5.48aA |
| TA | 3.67±0.040bB | 42.25±1.15bA | 2.16±0.02bB | 21.60±0.69aA | 156.00±0.00aA | 168.50±0.87bB |
| TC | 4.05±0.050aA | 31.80±0.70cB | 1.76±0.01cC | 12.05±0.38cB | 148.00±7.00abA | 217.50±7.79aA |
| CC | 4.15±0.040aA | 26.80±0.40dB | 1.43±0.01dD | 14.10±0.29bB | 126.50±7.50bA | 166.50±10.68bB |
| 处理 | 细菌Bacteria | 真菌Fungi | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Treatment | OTU数目 OTU number | Chao 1指数 Chao 1 index | Shannon指数 Shannon index | OTU数目 OTU number | Chao 1指数 Chao 1 index | Shannon指数 Shannon index |
| CK | 792.33±29.79Cc | 1113.89±84.45Bb | 6.73±0.12Bb | 455.67±13.53Aa | 558.22±8.40Aa | 5.28±0.17Aa |
| TA | 972.67±12.33Bb | 1340.70±62.13Bb | 7.10±0.22Bb | 476.00±43.59Aa | 567.90±69.89Aa | 5.76±0.22Aa |
| TC | 1381.67±22.30Aa | 1857.90±79.61Aa | 8.43±0.02Aa | 505.00±50.48Aa | 670.31±44.89Aa | 4.82±0.79Aa |
| CC | 1367.33±22.24Aa | 1818.12±23.41Aa | 8.40±0.04Aa | 546.00±13.89Aa | 714.16±34.03Aa | 5.60±0.17Aa |
表2 茶园间作野艾蒿对土壤微生物α多样性指数的影响
Table 2 Effect of intercropping A. lavandulaefolia in tea garden on soil microbial community α diversity index
| 处理 | 细菌Bacteria | 真菌Fungi | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Treatment | OTU数目 OTU number | Chao 1指数 Chao 1 index | Shannon指数 Shannon index | OTU数目 OTU number | Chao 1指数 Chao 1 index | Shannon指数 Shannon index |
| CK | 792.33±29.79Cc | 1113.89±84.45Bb | 6.73±0.12Bb | 455.67±13.53Aa | 558.22±8.40Aa | 5.28±0.17Aa |
| TA | 972.67±12.33Bb | 1340.70±62.13Bb | 7.10±0.22Bb | 476.00±43.59Aa | 567.90±69.89Aa | 5.76±0.22Aa |
| TC | 1381.67±22.30Aa | 1857.90±79.61Aa | 8.43±0.02Aa | 505.00±50.48Aa | 670.31±44.89Aa | 4.82±0.79Aa |
| CC | 1367.33±22.24Aa | 1818.12±23.41Aa | 8.40±0.04Aa | 546.00±13.89Aa | 714.16±34.03Aa | 5.60±0.17Aa |
图1 野艾蒿间作下的茶园土壤真菌和细菌群落主成分分析A代表土壤真菌群落主成分分析,B代表土壤细菌群落主成分分析。A represents the principal component analysis of soil fungal community, B represents the principal component analysis of soil bacterial community.
Fig.1 Principal component analysis of soil fungal and bacterial communities in tea garden under A. lavandulaefolia intercropping
图2 茶园间作野艾蒿土壤的真菌群落门和属水平上的相对丰度
Fig.2 Relative abundance of soil fungal community at phylum and genus levels of intercropping A. lavandulaefolia in tea garden
属 Genus | TC中的丰度The abundance in TC (%) | CC中的丰度The abundance in CC (%) | P值 P-value | 属 Genus | TA中的丰度The abundance in TA (%) | CK中的相对 丰度The abundance in CK (%) | P值 P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 绿僵菌属Metarhizium | 25.850 | 2.800 | 0.009 | Saitozyma | 9.900 | 25.850 | 0.001 |
| 大孢圆孢霉属Staphylotrichum | 3.090 | 12.330 | 0.029 | 粗糙孔菌属Trechispora | 6.760 | 0.230 | 0.007 |
| 毛壳菌属Chaetomium | 3.000 | 7.740 | 0.015 | 绿僵菌属Metarhizium | 3.940 | 2.030 | 0.036 |
| 白环蘑属Leucoagaricus | 0.650 | 0.024 | 0.004 | 木霉属 Trichoderma | 1.760 | 2.940 | 0.046 |
| Castanediella | 0.180 | 0.051 | 0.001 | Ramicandelaber | 0.960 | 0.370 | 0.020 |
| Cladophialophora | 0.170 | 0.340 | 0.003 | Xepicula | 0.450 | 0.170 | 0.034 |
| 瓶头霉属Phialocephala | 0.064 | 0.026 | 0.038 | 曲霉菌属Aspergillus | 0.360 | 0.630 | 0.048 |
| 粪壳菌属Sordaria | 0.037 | 0.096 | 0.044 | Phaeomoniella | 0.340 | 0.160 | 0.018 |
| 土赤壳属Ilyonectria | 0.032 | 0.170 | 0.003 | 螺旋聚孢霉属Clonostachys | 0.260 | 0.160 | 0.048 |
| 枝顶孢霉属Acremonium | 0.030 | 0.120 | 0.034 | 梨孢霉属Coniosporium | 0.230 | 0.019 | 0.026 |
| 山野壳菌 Paraphaeosphaeria | 0.019 | 0.150 | 0.027 | 斜盖伞属Clitopilus | 0.120 | 0.014 | 0.001 |
| 节丛孢属Arthrobotrys | 0.016 | 0.070 | 0.032 | Hebeloma | 0.097 | 0.003 | 0.028 |
| 星裂盤菌属Phacidium | 0.010 | 0.000 | 0.023 | Octaviania | 0.070 | 0.003 | 0.035 |
| Crustoderma | 0.008 | 0.048 | 0.028 | Thozetella | 0.062 | 0.000 | 0.024 |
| Phaeomoniella | 0.006 | 0.075 | 0.011 | 马德里齿梗孢属Scolecobasidium | 0.060 | 0.003 | 0.021 |
| 毛球壳属Lasiosphaeria | 0.006 | 0.000 | 0.013 | Pseudoproboscispora | 0.048 | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| 毛色二孢属Lasiodiplodia | 0.003 | 0.037 | 0.001 | Thermoascus | 0.048 | 0.005 | 0.030 |
| Chaetosphaeria | 0.003 | 0.070 | 0.030 | 根孢囊霉属Rhizophagus | 0.022 | 0.045 | 0.041 |
| Scleroderma | 0.002 | 0.034 | 0.036 | Pseudophialophora | 0.021 | 0.057 | 0.025 |
| 近明球囊霉属Claroideoglomus | 0.000 | 0.005 | 0.000 | 赤壳属Cosmospora | 0.019 | 0.005 | 0.006 |
| Requienella | 0.000 | 0.006 | 0.013 | Polyscytalum | 0.019 | 0.005 | 0.049 |
| Saccharomycopsis | 0.000 | 0.010 | 0.023 | 横断孢属Strelitziana | 0.013 | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Nephroma | 0.000 | 0.094 | 0.043 | 灵芝属Ganoderma | 0.011 | 0.000 | 0.045 |
| 伞菌属Agaricus | 0.000 | 0.120 | 0.048 | Umbelopsis | 0.010 | 0.061 | 0.044 |
| 柄孢壳菌属Podospora | 0.006 | 0.034 | 0.004 | ||||
| Arthrographis | 0.006 | 0.032 | 0.023 | ||||
| Coprinopsis | 0.005 | 0.026 | 0.030 | ||||
| Trichophaea | 0.003 | 0.035 | 0.017 | ||||
| 三毛孢属Robillarda | 0.003 | 0.029 | 0.022 | ||||
| Roussoella | 0.003 | 0.021 | 0.043 | ||||
| 山野壳菌 Paraphaeosphaeria | 0.002 | 0.081 | 0.000 | ||||
| 球毛壳菌属Chaetomidium | 0.000 | 0.024 | 0.002 | ||||
| 格孢腔菌属Pleospora | 0.000 | 0.011 | 0.004 | ||||
| 圆酵母属Torula | 0.000 | 0.014 | 0.006 | ||||
| 拟锁瑚菌属Clavulinopsis | 0.000 | 0.059 | 0.016 | ||||
| 拿逊酵母属Nadsoniomyces | 0.000 | 0.029 | 0.019 |
表3 通过metastats分析差异显著的真菌属
Table 3 Metastats was used to analyze the significantly different fungal genera
属 Genus | TC中的丰度The abundance in TC (%) | CC中的丰度The abundance in CC (%) | P值 P-value | 属 Genus | TA中的丰度The abundance in TA (%) | CK中的相对 丰度The abundance in CK (%) | P值 P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 绿僵菌属Metarhizium | 25.850 | 2.800 | 0.009 | Saitozyma | 9.900 | 25.850 | 0.001 |
| 大孢圆孢霉属Staphylotrichum | 3.090 | 12.330 | 0.029 | 粗糙孔菌属Trechispora | 6.760 | 0.230 | 0.007 |
| 毛壳菌属Chaetomium | 3.000 | 7.740 | 0.015 | 绿僵菌属Metarhizium | 3.940 | 2.030 | 0.036 |
| 白环蘑属Leucoagaricus | 0.650 | 0.024 | 0.004 | 木霉属 Trichoderma | 1.760 | 2.940 | 0.046 |
| Castanediella | 0.180 | 0.051 | 0.001 | Ramicandelaber | 0.960 | 0.370 | 0.020 |
| Cladophialophora | 0.170 | 0.340 | 0.003 | Xepicula | 0.450 | 0.170 | 0.034 |
| 瓶头霉属Phialocephala | 0.064 | 0.026 | 0.038 | 曲霉菌属Aspergillus | 0.360 | 0.630 | 0.048 |
| 粪壳菌属Sordaria | 0.037 | 0.096 | 0.044 | Phaeomoniella | 0.340 | 0.160 | 0.018 |
| 土赤壳属Ilyonectria | 0.032 | 0.170 | 0.003 | 螺旋聚孢霉属Clonostachys | 0.260 | 0.160 | 0.048 |
| 枝顶孢霉属Acremonium | 0.030 | 0.120 | 0.034 | 梨孢霉属Coniosporium | 0.230 | 0.019 | 0.026 |
| 山野壳菌 Paraphaeosphaeria | 0.019 | 0.150 | 0.027 | 斜盖伞属Clitopilus | 0.120 | 0.014 | 0.001 |
| 节丛孢属Arthrobotrys | 0.016 | 0.070 | 0.032 | Hebeloma | 0.097 | 0.003 | 0.028 |
| 星裂盤菌属Phacidium | 0.010 | 0.000 | 0.023 | Octaviania | 0.070 | 0.003 | 0.035 |
| Crustoderma | 0.008 | 0.048 | 0.028 | Thozetella | 0.062 | 0.000 | 0.024 |
| Phaeomoniella | 0.006 | 0.075 | 0.011 | 马德里齿梗孢属Scolecobasidium | 0.060 | 0.003 | 0.021 |
| 毛球壳属Lasiosphaeria | 0.006 | 0.000 | 0.013 | Pseudoproboscispora | 0.048 | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| 毛色二孢属Lasiodiplodia | 0.003 | 0.037 | 0.001 | Thermoascus | 0.048 | 0.005 | 0.030 |
| Chaetosphaeria | 0.003 | 0.070 | 0.030 | 根孢囊霉属Rhizophagus | 0.022 | 0.045 | 0.041 |
| Scleroderma | 0.002 | 0.034 | 0.036 | Pseudophialophora | 0.021 | 0.057 | 0.025 |
| 近明球囊霉属Claroideoglomus | 0.000 | 0.005 | 0.000 | 赤壳属Cosmospora | 0.019 | 0.005 | 0.006 |
| Requienella | 0.000 | 0.006 | 0.013 | Polyscytalum | 0.019 | 0.005 | 0.049 |
| Saccharomycopsis | 0.000 | 0.010 | 0.023 | 横断孢属Strelitziana | 0.013 | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Nephroma | 0.000 | 0.094 | 0.043 | 灵芝属Ganoderma | 0.011 | 0.000 | 0.045 |
| 伞菌属Agaricus | 0.000 | 0.120 | 0.048 | Umbelopsis | 0.010 | 0.061 | 0.044 |
| 柄孢壳菌属Podospora | 0.006 | 0.034 | 0.004 | ||||
| Arthrographis | 0.006 | 0.032 | 0.023 | ||||
| Coprinopsis | 0.005 | 0.026 | 0.030 | ||||
| Trichophaea | 0.003 | 0.035 | 0.017 | ||||
| 三毛孢属Robillarda | 0.003 | 0.029 | 0.022 | ||||
| Roussoella | 0.003 | 0.021 | 0.043 | ||||
| 山野壳菌 Paraphaeosphaeria | 0.002 | 0.081 | 0.000 | ||||
| 球毛壳菌属Chaetomidium | 0.000 | 0.024 | 0.002 | ||||
| 格孢腔菌属Pleospora | 0.000 | 0.011 | 0.004 | ||||
| 圆酵母属Torula | 0.000 | 0.014 | 0.006 | ||||
| 拟锁瑚菌属Clavulinopsis | 0.000 | 0.059 | 0.016 | ||||
| 拿逊酵母属Nadsoniomyces | 0.000 | 0.029 | 0.019 |
图3 茶园间作野艾蒿处理土壤的细菌群落门和属水平上的相对丰度
Fig. 3 Relative abundance of soil bacterial community at phylum and genus levels of intercropping A. lavandulaefolia in tea garden
属 Genus | TC中的 丰度The abundance in TC (%) | CC中的 丰度The abundance in CC (%) | P值P-value | 属 Genus | TA中的 丰度The abundance in TA (%) | CK中的 丰度The abundance in CK (%) | P值P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 芽单胞菌属Gemmatimonas | 1.630 | 1.14 0 | 0.049 | Burkholderia-paraburkholderia | 0.730 | 0.130 | 0.005 |
| Burkholderia-paraburkholderia | 1.380 | 2.630 | 0.019 | 纤维堆囊菌Sorangium | 0.640 | 0.210 | 0.025 |
| 玫瑰弯菌属Roseiarcus | 0.910 | 0.660 | 0.013 | 玫瑰弯菌属Roseiarcus | 0.610 | 1.180 | 0.016 |
| 纤维堆囊菌属Sorangium | 0.920 | 0.660 | 0.049 | 戴氏菌属Dyella | 0.340 | 0.040 | 0.024 |
| Variibacter | 0.600 | 0.400 | 0.048 | 芽单胞菌属Gemmatimonas | 0.310 | 0.070 | 0.032 |
| 硝化螺旋菌属Nitrospira | 0.160 | 0.280 | 0.019 | 鞘氨醇单胞菌属Sphingomonas | 0.290 | 0.050 | 0.030 |
| 厌氧菌属Anaeromyxobacter | 0.090 | 0.070 | 0.046 | 产黄杆菌属Rhodanobacter | 0.250 | 0.090 | 0.004 |
| Pseudolabrys | 0.090 | 0.040 | 0.049 | Conexibacter | 0.140 | 0.070 | 0.041 |
| Conexibacter | 0.080 | 0.030 | 0.027 | Haliangium | 0.060 | 0.010 | 0.027 |
| 吐鲁番长丝菌属Longimycelium | 0.060 | 0.000 | 0.034 | 吐鲁番长丝菌属Longimycelium | 0.060 | 0.010 | 0.006 |
| 贪噬菌属Variovorax | 0.050 | 0.090 | 0.002 | Jatrophihabitans | 0.060 | 0.010 | 0.006 |
| 盖氏菌属Gaiella | 0.040 | 0.130 | 0.040 | 中华单胞菌属Sinomonas | 0.050 | 0.000 | 0.025 |
| 全噬菌属Holophaga | 0.030 | 0.100 | 0.026 | 黏液杆菌属Mucilaginibacter | 0.040 | 0.010 | 0.003 |
| Candidatus_nitrosoarchaeum_limnia_SFB1 | 0.030 | 0.100 | 0.047 | 芽孢八叠球菌属Sporosarcina | 0.040 | 0.100 | 0.034 |
| 不粘柄菌属Asticcacaulis | 0.020 | 0.000 | 0.012 | Bauldia | 0.010 | 0.000 | 0.040 |
| Bacterium_enrichment_culture_clone_auto112_4W | 0.020 | 0.000 | 0.023 | 红游动菌属Rhodoplanes | 0.010 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| 雷夫松氏菌属Leifsonia | 0.010 | 0.010 | 0.000 | Groundwater_metagenome | 0.010 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| 八叠球菌属Sporosarcina | 0.010 | 0.050 | 0.039 | 马赛菌属Massilia | 0.010 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Perlucidibaca | 0.010 | 0.000 | 0.013 | ||||
| 木洞菌属Woodsholea | 0.000 | 0.010 | 0.013 | ||||
| 土生单胞菌属Terrimonas | 0.000 | 0.020 | 0.017 |
表4 通过metastats分析差异显著的细菌属
Table 4 Metastats was used to analyze the significantly different bacteria genera
属 Genus | TC中的 丰度The abundance in TC (%) | CC中的 丰度The abundance in CC (%) | P值P-value | 属 Genus | TA中的 丰度The abundance in TA (%) | CK中的 丰度The abundance in CK (%) | P值P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 芽单胞菌属Gemmatimonas | 1.630 | 1.14 0 | 0.049 | Burkholderia-paraburkholderia | 0.730 | 0.130 | 0.005 |
| Burkholderia-paraburkholderia | 1.380 | 2.630 | 0.019 | 纤维堆囊菌Sorangium | 0.640 | 0.210 | 0.025 |
| 玫瑰弯菌属Roseiarcus | 0.910 | 0.660 | 0.013 | 玫瑰弯菌属Roseiarcus | 0.610 | 1.180 | 0.016 |
| 纤维堆囊菌属Sorangium | 0.920 | 0.660 | 0.049 | 戴氏菌属Dyella | 0.340 | 0.040 | 0.024 |
| Variibacter | 0.600 | 0.400 | 0.048 | 芽单胞菌属Gemmatimonas | 0.310 | 0.070 | 0.032 |
| 硝化螺旋菌属Nitrospira | 0.160 | 0.280 | 0.019 | 鞘氨醇单胞菌属Sphingomonas | 0.290 | 0.050 | 0.030 |
| 厌氧菌属Anaeromyxobacter | 0.090 | 0.070 | 0.046 | 产黄杆菌属Rhodanobacter | 0.250 | 0.090 | 0.004 |
| Pseudolabrys | 0.090 | 0.040 | 0.049 | Conexibacter | 0.140 | 0.070 | 0.041 |
| Conexibacter | 0.080 | 0.030 | 0.027 | Haliangium | 0.060 | 0.010 | 0.027 |
| 吐鲁番长丝菌属Longimycelium | 0.060 | 0.000 | 0.034 | 吐鲁番长丝菌属Longimycelium | 0.060 | 0.010 | 0.006 |
| 贪噬菌属Variovorax | 0.050 | 0.090 | 0.002 | Jatrophihabitans | 0.060 | 0.010 | 0.006 |
| 盖氏菌属Gaiella | 0.040 | 0.130 | 0.040 | 中华单胞菌属Sinomonas | 0.050 | 0.000 | 0.025 |
| 全噬菌属Holophaga | 0.030 | 0.100 | 0.026 | 黏液杆菌属Mucilaginibacter | 0.040 | 0.010 | 0.003 |
| Candidatus_nitrosoarchaeum_limnia_SFB1 | 0.030 | 0.100 | 0.047 | 芽孢八叠球菌属Sporosarcina | 0.040 | 0.100 | 0.034 |
| 不粘柄菌属Asticcacaulis | 0.020 | 0.000 | 0.012 | Bauldia | 0.010 | 0.000 | 0.040 |
| Bacterium_enrichment_culture_clone_auto112_4W | 0.020 | 0.000 | 0.023 | 红游动菌属Rhodoplanes | 0.010 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| 雷夫松氏菌属Leifsonia | 0.010 | 0.010 | 0.000 | Groundwater_metagenome | 0.010 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| 八叠球菌属Sporosarcina | 0.010 | 0.050 | 0.039 | 马赛菌属Massilia | 0.010 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Perlucidibaca | 0.010 | 0.000 | 0.013 | ||||
| 木洞菌属Woodsholea | 0.000 | 0.010 | 0.013 | ||||
| 土生单胞菌属Terrimonas | 0.000 | 0.020 | 0.017 |
指标 Index | pH | 有机质 Soil organic matter | 全氮 | 有效磷 Available phosphorus | 碱解氮 Available nitrogen | 速效钾 Available potassium |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 真菌Fungi | ||||||
| OTU数目OTU number | 0.54 | -0.49 | -0.57 | -0.16 | -0.50 | -0.40 |
| Chao 1指数 Chao 1 index | 0.68* | -0.64* | -0.73** | -0.41 | -0.81** | -0.28 |
| Shannon指数 Shannon index | 0.35 | -0.23 | -0.29 | 0.27 | -0.10 | -0.59* |
| 细菌Bacterial | ||||||
| OTU数目OTU number | 0.82** | -0.82** | -0.83** | -0.77** | -0.83** | -0.46 |
| Chao 1指数 Chao 1 index | 0.81** | -0.81** | -0.78** | -0.83** | -0.80** | -0.41 |
| Shannon指数 Shannon index | 0.79** | -0.73** | -0.79** | -0.69* | -0.80** | -0.30 |
表5 土壤真菌和细菌的α多样性指数与土壤理化性质之间的Spearman相关性分析
Table 5 Spearman correlations analysis between soil fungal and bacterial α diversity and soil physical and chemical properties
指标 Index | pH | 有机质 Soil organic matter | 全氮 | 有效磷 Available phosphorus | 碱解氮 Available nitrogen | 速效钾 Available potassium |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 真菌Fungi | ||||||
| OTU数目OTU number | 0.54 | -0.49 | -0.57 | -0.16 | -0.50 | -0.40 |
| Chao 1指数 Chao 1 index | 0.68* | -0.64* | -0.73** | -0.41 | -0.81** | -0.28 |
| Shannon指数 Shannon index | 0.35 | -0.23 | -0.29 | 0.27 | -0.10 | -0.59* |
| 细菌Bacterial | ||||||
| OTU数目OTU number | 0.82** | -0.82** | -0.83** | -0.77** | -0.83** | -0.46 |
| Chao 1指数 Chao 1 index | 0.81** | -0.81** | -0.78** | -0.83** | -0.80** | -0.41 |
| Shannon指数 Shannon index | 0.79** | -0.73** | -0.79** | -0.69* | -0.80** | -0.30 |
指标 Index | pH | 有机质 Soil organic matter | 全氮 Total nitrogen | 有效磷 Available phosphorus | 碱解氮 Available nitrogen | 速效钾 Available potassium |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 真菌种类Fungi species | ||||||
| Saitozyma | -0.32 | 0.39 | 0.34 | 0.34 | 0.32 | 0.50 |
| 被孢霉属Mortierella | 0.32 | -0.40 | -0.20 | -0.19 | -0.15 | -0.29 |
| 大孢圆孢霉属Staphylotrichum | 0.79** | -0.78** | -0.78** | -0.64* | -0.77** | -0.22 |
| 镰刀菌属Fusarium | 0.34 | -0.38 | -0.45 | -0.21 | -0.44 | -0.20 |
| 粗糙孔菌属Trechispora | 0.26 | -0.26 | -0.22 | 0.00 | -0.24 | -0.62* |
| 绿僵菌属Metarhizium | 0.48 | -0.56 | -0.50 | -0.66* | -0.50 | -0.36 |
| 细菌种类Bacterial species | ||||||
| Candidatus-solibacter | 0.62* | -0.60* | -0.63* | -0.62* | -0.66* | -0.26 |
| 酸杆菌属Acidibacter | 0.70* | -0.66* | -0.66* | -0.77** | -0.59* | -0.15 |
| 嗜酸栖热菌属Acidothermus | -0.41 | 0.43 | 0.35 | 0.55 | 0.35 | 0.22 |
| 根霉菌属Rhizomicrobium | 0.76** | -0.74** | -0.79** | -0.73** | -0.79** | -0.23 |
| 慢生根瘤菌属Bradyrhizobium | 0.04 | -0.08 | 0.04 | -0.11 | -0.07 | -0.09 |
| 苔藓杆菌属Bryobacter | 0.73** | -0.68* | -0.70* | -0.61* | -0.65* | -0.38 |
表6 土壤优势真菌属、细菌属与土壤理化性质之间的Spearman相关性分析
Table 6 Spearman correlation analysis between dominant fungal genera, bacterial genera, and soil physical-chemical properties
指标 Index | pH | 有机质 Soil organic matter | 全氮 Total nitrogen | 有效磷 Available phosphorus | 碱解氮 Available nitrogen | 速效钾 Available potassium |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 真菌种类Fungi species | ||||||
| Saitozyma | -0.32 | 0.39 | 0.34 | 0.34 | 0.32 | 0.50 |
| 被孢霉属Mortierella | 0.32 | -0.40 | -0.20 | -0.19 | -0.15 | -0.29 |
| 大孢圆孢霉属Staphylotrichum | 0.79** | -0.78** | -0.78** | -0.64* | -0.77** | -0.22 |
| 镰刀菌属Fusarium | 0.34 | -0.38 | -0.45 | -0.21 | -0.44 | -0.20 |
| 粗糙孔菌属Trechispora | 0.26 | -0.26 | -0.22 | 0.00 | -0.24 | -0.62* |
| 绿僵菌属Metarhizium | 0.48 | -0.56 | -0.50 | -0.66* | -0.50 | -0.36 |
| 细菌种类Bacterial species | ||||||
| Candidatus-solibacter | 0.62* | -0.60* | -0.63* | -0.62* | -0.66* | -0.26 |
| 酸杆菌属Acidibacter | 0.70* | -0.66* | -0.66* | -0.77** | -0.59* | -0.15 |
| 嗜酸栖热菌属Acidothermus | -0.41 | 0.43 | 0.35 | 0.55 | 0.35 | 0.22 |
| 根霉菌属Rhizomicrobium | 0.76** | -0.74** | -0.79** | -0.73** | -0.79** | -0.23 |
| 慢生根瘤菌属Bradyrhizobium | 0.04 | -0.08 | 0.04 | -0.11 | -0.07 | -0.09 |
| 苔藓杆菌属Bryobacter | 0.73** | -0.68* | -0.70* | -0.61* | -0.65* | -0.38 |
图4 真菌属和细菌属水平的土壤微生物相对丰度与环境因子的冗余分析
Fig.4 Redundancy analysis (RDA) between the relative abundance of soil fungal and bacterial at genus levels and environmental factors
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