草业学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (6): 99-109.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2024280
收稿日期:2024-07-16
修回日期:2024-09-18
出版日期:2025-06-20
发布日期:2025-04-03
作者简介:王玉琴(1988-),女,甘肃兰州人,副研究员,博士。E-mail: qhuyuqinw@126.com
基金资助:
Yu-qin WANG(
), Mei-ling SONG, Rui ZHOU, Hong-sheng WANG
Received:2024-07-16
Revised:2024-09-18
Online:2025-06-20
Published:2025-04-03
摘要:
土壤微生物与植物间存在紧密复杂的交互作用,了解草地生态系统中植物与土壤微生物群落之间的关系十分必要。本研究以不同密度的黄帚橐吾斑块为对象,根据密度等级设置6个斑块梯度(D0,D1,D2,D3,D4和D5),通过高通量测序技术分析不同密度斑块的细菌和真菌群落结构变化特征,探讨黄帚橐吾密度对高寒草地土壤微生物群落结构的影响。结果表明:黄帚橐吾斑块的存在显著影响了土壤微生物群落的多样性和丰度。细菌菌群中变形菌门是优势菌门;真菌菌群中子囊菌门、担子菌门和被孢霉菌门等成为主导群落,其相对丰度在斑块间存在明显差异。土壤细菌群落α-多样性指数在不同斑块间差异不显著,而真菌群落的Chao1和ACE指数在D2斑块显著高于D5(P<0.05),Shannon和Simpson指数在D2和D5斑块显著高于D3(P<0.05),真菌群落在D2斑块表现出较高的多样性。黄帚橐吾密度能够影响土壤微生物群落结构和多样性,改变土壤微生物优势类群的丰富度,该结果不仅揭示了黄帚橐吾斑块对土壤微生物群落物种组成及多样性的影响,而且丰富了对高寒草地微生物多样性的认识,对于高寒草地生态系统的保护和可持续利用具有重要的指导意义。
王玉琴, 宋梅玲, 周睿, 王宏生. 黄帚橐吾密度对土壤微生物群落特征的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2025, 34(6): 99-109.
Yu-qin WANG, Mei-ling SONG, Rui ZHOU, Hong-sheng WANG. Response of soil microbial community diversity to patch density of Ligularia virgaurea[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2025, 34(6): 99-109.
| 斑块Patch | 物种数Number of species | 主要优势植物(重要值) The main dominant plants (importance value) |
|---|---|---|
| D0 | 22.25±0.75a | 高原早熟禾P. alpigena (13.65%)、矮嵩草 C. alatauensis (12.81%)、线叶嵩草C. capillifolia(7.96%)、钝裂银莲花A. obtusiloba (4.95%) |
| D1 | 24.25±1.25a | 高原早熟禾P. alpigena (10.85%)、矮嵩草 C. alatauensis (9.96%)、黄帚橐吾L. virgaurea(8.74%)、线叶嵩草 C. capillifolia (7.97%) |
| D2 | 23.50±1.50a | 高原早熟禾P. alpigena (13.74%)、矮嵩草 C. alatauensis (10.60%)、黄帚橐吾L. virgaurea(9.47%)、线叶嵩草 C. capillifolia (6.30%) |
| D3 | 24.25±1.25a | 黄帚橐吾L. virgaurea (15.98%)、矮嵩草 C. alatauensis (10.70%)、高原早熟禾P. alpigena(10.03%)、线叶嵩草 C. capillifolia (9.38%) |
| D4 | 25.00±0.82a | 黄帚橐吾L. virgaurea (25.75%)、高原早熟禾P. alpigena (10.19%)、矮嵩草 C. alatauensis(9.53%)、线叶嵩草 C. capillifolia (5.96%) |
| D5 | 22.25±0.48a | 黄帚橐吾L. virgaurea (34.74%)、高原早熟禾P. alpigena (8.21%)、矮嵩草 C. alatauensis(6.56%)、线叶嵩草 C. capillifolia (5.31%) |
表1 黄帚橐吾斑块基本植被概况
Table 1 Basic vegetation condition of L. virgaurea patch
| 斑块Patch | 物种数Number of species | 主要优势植物(重要值) The main dominant plants (importance value) |
|---|---|---|
| D0 | 22.25±0.75a | 高原早熟禾P. alpigena (13.65%)、矮嵩草 C. alatauensis (12.81%)、线叶嵩草C. capillifolia(7.96%)、钝裂银莲花A. obtusiloba (4.95%) |
| D1 | 24.25±1.25a | 高原早熟禾P. alpigena (10.85%)、矮嵩草 C. alatauensis (9.96%)、黄帚橐吾L. virgaurea(8.74%)、线叶嵩草 C. capillifolia (7.97%) |
| D2 | 23.50±1.50a | 高原早熟禾P. alpigena (13.74%)、矮嵩草 C. alatauensis (10.60%)、黄帚橐吾L. virgaurea(9.47%)、线叶嵩草 C. capillifolia (6.30%) |
| D3 | 24.25±1.25a | 黄帚橐吾L. virgaurea (15.98%)、矮嵩草 C. alatauensis (10.70%)、高原早熟禾P. alpigena(10.03%)、线叶嵩草 C. capillifolia (9.38%) |
| D4 | 25.00±0.82a | 黄帚橐吾L. virgaurea (25.75%)、高原早熟禾P. alpigena (10.19%)、矮嵩草 C. alatauensis(9.53%)、线叶嵩草 C. capillifolia (5.96%) |
| D5 | 22.25±0.48a | 黄帚橐吾L. virgaurea (34.74%)、高原早熟禾P. alpigena (8.21%)、矮嵩草 C. alatauensis(6.56%)、线叶嵩草 C. capillifolia (5.31%) |
图1 不同黄帚橐吾密度斑块土壤细菌(a)和真菌(b)序列OTUs Venn 分析
Fig. 1 The OTUs Venn analysis of soil bacteria (a) and fungi (b) under different density patches of L. virgaurea
图2 不同黄帚橐吾密度斑块土壤细菌(a)和真菌(b)门水平物种组成
Fig. 2 Soil bacteria (a) and fungi (b) species composition of phylum level in different density patches of L. virgaurea
图3 不同黄帚橐吾密度斑块土壤细菌(a)和真菌(b)属水平物种组成
Fig. 3 Soil bacteria (a) and fungi (b) species composition of genus level in different density patches of L. virgaurea
图4 不同黄帚橐吾密度斑块土壤细菌群落α-多样性不同字母表示差异显著(P<0.05)。Different letters meant significant difference at P<0.05 level. 下同The same below.
Fig. 4 α-diversity of soil bacterial communities in different density patches of L. virgaurea
指标 Index | 微生物 Microorganism | Shannon指数 Shannon index | Simpson指数 Simpson index | ACE指数 ACE index | Chaol指数 Chaol index |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
黄帚橐吾密度 Density of L. virgaurea | 细菌 Bacteria | 0.251 | 0.282 | -0.362* | -0.321 |
| 真菌 Fungi | 0.197 | 0.096 | -0.403* | -0.359* |
表2 黄帚橐吾密度与微生物多样性的相关系数
Table 2 Correlation coefficients between L. virgaurea density and microbial diversity
指标 Index | 微生物 Microorganism | Shannon指数 Shannon index | Simpson指数 Simpson index | ACE指数 ACE index | Chaol指数 Chaol index |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
黄帚橐吾密度 Density of L. virgaurea | 细菌 Bacteria | 0.251 | 0.282 | -0.362* | -0.321 |
| 真菌 Fungi | 0.197 | 0.096 | -0.403* | -0.359* |
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