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草业学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (8): 65-83.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2025381

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

江淮地区不同秋眠性紫花苜蓿品种的生产性能比较研究

王霞1(), 颜梦雨1, 王千禧1, 魏臻武1, 魏佳1, 曹正锋1, 吕燕燕2, 张传杰1, 闵学阳1()   

  1. 1.扬州大学动物科学与技术学院,扬州大学草业科学研究所,江苏 扬州 225009
    2.南通大学地理科学学院,江苏 南通 226007
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-22 修回日期:2025-11-10 出版日期:2026-08-20 发布日期:2026-06-22
  • 通讯作者: 闵学阳
  • 作者简介:Corresponding author. E-mail: minxy@yzu.edu.cn
    王霞(1996-),女,贵州遵义人,在读硕士。E-mail: mz120231540@stu.yzu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    2024年江苏省研究生科研创新计划(SJCX24-2294);国家自然科学基金(32301474);江苏省基础研究计划自然科学基金青年基金(BK20220583);江苏省基础研究计划自然科学基金青年基金(BK20230606)

A comparative study of the yield of alfalfa Medicago sativa varieties with different fall dormancy in the Yangtze-Huaihe region

Xia WANG1(), Meng-yu YAN1, Qian-xi WANG1, Zhen-wu WEI1, Jia WEI1, Zheng-feng CAO1, Yan-yan LV2, Chuan-jie ZHANG1, Xue-yang MIN1()   

  1. 1.College of Animal Science and Technology,Institute of Grassland Science,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China
    2.School of Geographic Science,Nantong University,Nantong 226007,China
  • Received:2025-09-22 Revised:2025-11-10 Online:2026-08-20 Published:2026-06-22
  • Contact: Xue-yang MIN

摘要:

针对江淮地区夏季高温高湿胁迫制约苜蓿优质高产的关键问题,于2023-2024年在扬州地区以42个不同秋眠性紫花苜蓿品种为材料,系统比较了其生育期、株高、草产量、叶茎比、再生速度、越夏率及粗蛋白等指标,并采用灰色关联分析法进行综合评价。结果表明,参试品种在返青期、再生速度、各茬次产量及越夏表现上存在显著差异(P<0.05);品种间叶粗蛋白含量在各季节间相对稳定,而叶茎比季节波动显著。相关性分析显示,秋眠级与返青期株高(r=0.69)、秋季自然株高(r=0.68)、再生速度(r=0.68)、夏季第2茬草产量(r=0.44)、秋季草产量(r=0.37)呈正相关,而与夏季相对减产率呈显著负相关(r=-0.5)。灰色关联分析进一步明确WL525HQ、淮扬4号、巨能801、WL656HQ和赛迪10为关联度较高的优选品种,兼具高产潜力和夏季逆境适应能力。综上,秋眠性可作为江淮地区苜蓿引种与适应性评价的有效参考,结合全生育期综合评价,可为该地区苜蓿品种选育与推广提供可靠的种质资源与理论依据。

关键词: 苜蓿, 秋眠级, 生产性能, 耐热性, 江淮地区

Abstract:

Summer stress characterized by high temperature and humidity is a major constraint to achieving high yield and quality in alfalfa production in the Yangtze-Huaihe region. To identify stress-adapted germplasm, a field experiment was conducted in Yangzhou from 2023 to 2024, evaluating 42 alfalfa varieties with contrasting fall dormancy (FD) ratings. We investigated a range of agronomic and physiological traits, including phenology, plant height, forage yield, leaf∶stem ratio, regrowth capacity, summer survival, and crude protein content. Grey relational analysis (GRA) was employed for an overall performance assessment. Significant varietal differences (P<0.05) were observed at regreening time, and for regrowth vigor, cumulative seasonal yield, and summer persistence. While leaf crude protein content remained stable across seasons, the leaf∶stem ratio showed considerable seasonal variation. A significant negative correlation was found between FD rating and the summer relative yield reduction rate (r=-0.50), indicating that less dormant varieties exhibit superior heat tolerance and summer survival. GRA identified WL525HQ, Huaiyang No.4, Magnum No.801, WL656HQ, and Saidi 10 as top-performing varieties, combining high yield potential with exceptional resilience to summer adversity. This study establishes fall dormancy as a valuable proxy for selecting alfalfa varieties suitable for the Yangtze-Huaihe region, and the top-performing varieties provide a reliable genetic resource for breeding programs aimed at enhancing alfalfa productivity in this challenging environment.

Key words: alfalfa, fall dormancy rating, production performance, heat resistance, Yangtze-Huaihe region