干旱胁迫下ALA对羊草生长、内源激素及转录组的影响

doi:10.11686/cyxb2017482

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 由于气候的变化,我国羊草分布区受到干旱等环境胁迫,对其生产力的提高有很大影响。本研究采用盆栽人工控水的方法,研究5-氨基乙酰丙酸(ALA)处理缓解羊草干旱胁迫及其与物质积累、相关酶活性、激素变化和转录组的关系。结果表明,干旱显著抑制植株的生长,而适当浓度的ALA可缓解干旱胁迫对植株的不利效应,其中以50 mg·L^-1处理效果最好,可提高羊草株高、鲜重,增强根系活力,促进糖、蛋白、氮磷钾等物质积累,减轻干旱胁迫对羊草幼苗造成的伤害,这与ALA调控植株营养代谢相关酶活性、内源激素含量及其比值等生理效应密切相关,也与ALA在分子水平影响相关代谢的基因表达有直接联系。相关机理值得进一步研究。

关键词: 羊草, 5-氨基乙酰丙酸(ALA), 干旱胁迫, 激素, 转录组

Abstract: Drought stress is an environmental constraint with many ramifications, restricting Leymus chinensis growth and productivity. A pot experiment was undertaken to investigate the influence of foliar applied 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA), on dry matter accumulation, enzyme activities, hormone concentrations and the transcriptome of L. chinensis under drought (soil water content 50% of field capacity) and well-watered conditions (soil water content 80% of field capacity). Concentrations of ALA tested were: 10, 50, and 100 mg·L^-1, with a pure water treatment as a control. Healthy and uniform-sized seeds of L. chinensis were collected and germinated in a biochemical incubator, and then the seedlings were transferred to pots after one week. When seedlings attained a height of 18-21 cm, ALA was applied at the concentrations indicated above, with a repeat application 7 days later to exploit the full potential of ALA application. The sampling for morphological, physiological, and biochemical attributes was conducted 7 days after the second application. As expected, it was found that drought stress caused a reduction in growth and development of the plant as compared to well-watered conditions. Nonetheless, application of ALA improved plant height, fresh weight, and root activity, and effectively alleviated the damage of drought stress to L. chinensis. The most effective concentration of ALA was 50 mg·L^-1. Furthermore, production of sugars, proteins and N, P and K concentrations in plant tissues were enhanced. These changes might reflect increased activities of metabolic enzymes, such as nitrate reductase, malate dehydrogenase and acid phosphatase. Endogenous hormone concentrations (indole acetic acid, gibberellins, zeatin riboside and abscisic acid) were also increased. The effect of the plant growth regulator ALA on the drought resistance of L. chinensis, and the changes in the physiological indices were mirrored by changes in gene expression. Under drought stress 1373 genes exhibited significantly different expression compared to well-watered plants, with 733 genes down-regulated, and 640 genes upregulated. Comparing the drought stressed control plants with drought stress + ALA treatment, 1315 genes displayed significantly different expression, among which 676 genes were up-regulated. The mechanism of ALA modulation of L. chinensis growth, physiological processes and gene expression needs further research.

Key words: Leymus chinensis, 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA), drought stress, hormone, transcriptome

宋吉轩, 吕俊, 宗学凤, 何秀娟, 徐宇, 吴潇, 王三根. 干旱胁迫下ALA对羊草生长、内源激素及转录组的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2018, 27(7): 73-83.

SONG Ji-xuan, LÜ Jun, ZONG Xue-feng, HE Xiu-juan, XU Yu, WU Xiao, WANG San-gen. Effects of ALA application on plant growth, hormone levels, and transcriptome in Leymus chinensis under drought stress[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2018, 27(7): 73-83.

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