不同供磷水平对宽叶雀稗形态及生理的影响

doi:10.11686/cyxb2019471

草业学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (8): 58-69.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2019471

不同供磷水平对宽叶雀稗形态及生理的影响

孙小富¹, 黄莉娟¹, 王普昶^{2, 3}, 赵丽丽^{1, 3, *}, 刘芳¹

1. 贵州大学动物科学学院草业科学系,贵州贵阳 550025;
2. 贵州省草业研究所,贵州贵阳 550006;
3. 山地植物资源保护与种质创新教育部重点实验室,贵州贵阳 550025

收稿日期:2019-10-30 修回日期:2019-12-20 出版日期:2020-08-20 发布日期:2020-08-20
通讯作者: *. E-mail:zhaolili_0508@163.com
作者简介:孙小富(1994-),男,贵州盘县人,在读硕士。E-mail:sxfgxk@163.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0502607-04),山地植物资源保护与种质创新教育部重点实验室开放课题(MOELP-201701),贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合重大专项字[2016]3002号)和贵州省高层次创新型人才(黔财教[2017]45号)资助

Effects of different phosphorus supply levels on morphology and physiology of Paspalum wettsteinii

SUN Xiao-fu¹, HUANG Li-juan¹, WANG Pu-chang^{2, 3}, ZHAO Li-li^{1, 3, *}, LIU Fang¹

1. Department of Pratacultural Science, Institute of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China;
2. Institute of Grass Industry, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550006, China;
3. Key Laboratory of Mountain Plant Resources Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education, Guiyang 550025, China

Received:2019-10-30 Revised:2019-12-20 Online:2020-08-20 Published:2020-08-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探讨宽叶雀稗在不同供磷水平条件下的形态及生理变化,了解宽叶雀稗对磷胁迫的适应策略,以期为宽叶雀稗的磷养分管理和生理调控提供理论依据。试验采用砂培法,设置极低磷(2 μmol·L^-1)、低磷(20 μmol·L^-1)、适磷(200 μmol·L^-1,对照)、高磷(600 μmol·L^-1)、极高磷(1000 μmol·L^-1) 5个供磷水平处理,分别在胁迫10、20、30 d后测定幼苗生长状况、根系形态、保护酶活性的变化。结果表明,低磷和极度低磷胁迫显著降低了宽叶雀稗植株高度和地上生物量,同时,叶面积和叶周长均有降低的趋势;根系生物量、总根长、根表面积、根体积、根尖数目、根冠比均高于适磷处理,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、酸性磷酸酶(ACP)活性均显著增强(P<0.05),叶片电导率和根部电导率显著提高(P<0.05);主成分分析表明,CAT活性、POD活性和根系磷酸酶活性、根尖数目和根膜透性受磷胁迫的影响较大,供磷水平为600 μmol·L^-1时表现较好;偏最小二乘回归分析表明,根表面积、根系磷酸酶活性和叶周长是影响宽叶雀稗产量的重要指标。综合表明,宽叶雀稗可通过降低地上生物量、增加根系数量和根表面积、提高保护酶活性来适应低磷胁迫。

关键词: 宽叶雀稗, 磷胁迫, 根系形态, 生理特性, 生物量

Abstract: This research explored the morphological and physiological changes of Paspalum wettsteinii under different phosphorus supply levels, to understand the adaptation strategies to low phosphorus stress, and to provide a theoretical foundation for understanding phosphorus nutrient management and physiological regulation in P. wettsteinii. The experiment was carried out using a sand culture method, and treatments comprised 5 levels of phosphorus: 2, 20, 200, 600 and 1000 μmol·L^-1, with 200 μmol·L^-1 regarded as the control. The changes in seedling growth, root morphology and protective enzyme activity were measured at 10, 20 and 30 days after the imposition of stress. It was found that under low phosphorus supply, the height and aboveground biomass were significantly decreased (P<0.05), with leaf area and leaf perimeter also showing a decreasing trend. Meanwhile, the root biomass, total root length, root surface area, root volume, number of root tips and root∶shoot ratio were all higher at the low phosphorus supply than in the control. Superoxide dismutase, peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT) and acid phosphatase (ACP) activities were significantly enhanced (P<0.05), and leaf lamina and root conductivity were significantly improved (P<0.05) under low phosphorus supply levels. Principal component analysis showed that CAT activity, POD activity, root acid phosphatase activity, number of root tips and root membrane permeability were significantly affected by phosphorus stress, and better performance when the phosphorus supply level is 600 μmol·L^-1 than others. At the phosphorus supply level of 200 μmol·L^-1, the multi-trait performance of P. wettsteinii was ranked second, and was exceeded only at the high phosphorus level. Partial least squares regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship between each index parameter and plant biomass under different phosphorus supply levels of P. wettsteinii, and it was concluded that root surface area, root acid phosphatase activity (ACP) and leaf perimeter were crucial indexes affecting the biomass of P. wettsteinii. In summary, these results show that P. wettsteinii adapted to low-phosphorus stress through reducing above-ground biomass, increasing root weight and root surface area, and promoting protective enzyme activity.

Key words: Paspalum wellsteinii, phosphorus stress, root morphology, physiological property, biomass

孙小富, 黄莉娟, 王普昶, 赵丽丽, 刘芳. 不同供磷水平对宽叶雀稗形态及生理的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2020, 29(8): 58-69.

SUN Xiao-fu, HUANG Li-juan, WANG Pu-chang, ZHAO Li-li, LIU Fang. Effects of different phosphorus supply levels on morphology and physiology of Paspalum wettsteinii[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2020, 29(8): 58-69.

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不同供磷水平对宽叶雀稗形态及生理的影响

Effects of different phosphorus supply levels on morphology and physiology of Paspalum wettsteinii

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