草业学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (10): 87-98.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2021409
陈林1,2,3(), 陈高路4, 宋乃平1,2,3(), 李学斌1,2, 万红云1,2,3, 何文强1,2,3
收稿日期:
2021-11-09
修回日期:
2022-01-10
出版日期:
2022-10-20
发布日期:
2022-09-14
通讯作者:
宋乃平
作者简介:
E-mail: songnp@163.com基金资助:
Lin CHEN1,2,3(), Gao-lu CHEN4, Nai-ping SONG1,2,3(), Xue-bin LI1,2, Hong-yun WAN1,2,3, Wen-qiang HE1,2,3
Received:
2021-11-09
Revised:
2022-01-10
Online:
2022-10-20
Published:
2022-09-14
Contact:
Nai-ping SONG
摘要:
荒漠草原植物的生长和生存受降水影响很大,本研究以宁夏东部荒漠草原猪毛蒿种群为研究对象,2017-2020年连续4年监测了降水改变条件下土壤水分特征,测定了猪毛蒿净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度和胞间CO2浓度等光合特征,并对其内禀水分利用效率和瞬时水分利用效率进行了分析。研究表明:4年中无效降水事件(<5 mm)发生次数较多,占当年降水频次的60.00%~82.54%;大雨(≥25 mm且≤49.9 mm)和暴雨等级(≥50 mm)降水事件较少,平均单次降水事件的降水量仅为3.3~6.5 mm·次-1。不同处理各土层的土壤含水量存在较大差异,表层(10 cm)土壤含水量较次表层(20 cm)和深层(60 cm)的变幅大;次表层(20 cm)土壤平均含水量低于表层,与小降水事件发生频次较高无法入渗补给以及植物吸收消耗有关;深层(60 cm)土壤含水量变化小,较稳定。净光合速率随着光合有效辐射的增加而增大,当光合有效辐射在400~1600 μmol·m-2·s-1时,增雨处理提高了猪毛蒿的净光合速率;在光合有效辐射>1600 μmol·m-2·s-1时,猪毛蒿净光合速率有下降趋势,且增雨处理下降幅度最大。光合有效辐射在>400 μmol·m-2·s-1时,胞间CO2浓度呈直线下降,达到1600 μmol·m-2·s-1时,胞间CO2浓度最小。蒸腾速率和气孔导度随着光照强度的增加未有显著变化,但增雨处理下猪毛蒿的蒸腾速率和气孔导度均大于其他处理。气孔限制值随着光合有效辐射的增加呈上升趋势,同时降水的增加减小了气孔限制值。猪毛蒿的内禀水分利用效率和瞬时水分利用效率均在较低的光照强度时(<400 μmol·m-2·s-1)随着光强的增加而迅速增大,之后增速减缓。各处理中猪毛蒿最大内禀水分利用效率和最大瞬时水分利用效率在1600~2000 μmol·m-2·s-1时达到最大。随着干旱程度的增加,猪毛蒿最大水分利用效率对应的光照强度由2000减小至1600 μmol·m-2·s-1。在荒漠草原,当光照强度>400 μmol·m-2·s-1时,适度干旱提高了猪毛蒿的水分利用效率。
陈林, 陈高路, 宋乃平, 李学斌, 万红云, 何文强. 宁夏东部荒漠草原猪毛蒿光合特征和水分利用效率对降水变化的响应[J]. 草业学报, 2022, 31(10): 87-98.
Lin CHEN, Gao-lu CHEN, Nai-ping SONG, Xue-bin LI, Hong-yun WAN, Wen-qiang HE. Response of photosynthetic characteristics and water use efficiency of Artemisia scoparia to rainfall changes in Eastern Ningxia desert steppe[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2022, 31(10): 87-98.
图4 2017-2020年生长季不同处理土壤水分的空间差异***为极显著差异(P<0.001), *** means highly significant difference (P<0.001); NS为无显著差异, NS means no significant difference.
Fig. 4 The spatial difference of soil moisture content in different treatments during the growing season from 2017 to 2020
图7 光照强度<400 μmol·m-2·s-1时土壤水分与猪毛蒿光合特征和水分利用效率的Pearson相关性*表示相关性水平, * meant the relevant level. *: P<0.05; **: P<0.01; ***: P<0.001。Pn: 净光合速率Net photosynthetic rate,Gs: 气孔导度Stomatal conductance,Ci: 胞间CO2浓度Intercellular CO2 concentration,Tr: 蒸腾速率Transpiration rate,Ls: 气孔限制值Stomatal limitation value,WUEi: 内禀水分利用效率Intrinsic water use efficiency,WUEinst: 瞬时水分利用效率Instant water use efficiency,SM.average: 土壤平均含水量Average of soil moisture。下同。The same below.
Fig. 7 Pearson’s correlation for photosynthetic characteristics, water use efficiency and average soil moisture of A. scoparia when the light intensity is less than 400 μmol·m-2·s-1
图8 光照强度≥400 μmol·m-2·s-1时土壤水分与猪毛蒿光合特征和水分利用效率的Pearson相关性
Fig. 8 Pearson’s correlation for photosynthetic characteristics, water use efficiency and average soil moisture of A. scoparia when the light intensity is ≥400 μmol·m-2·s-1
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