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草业学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (3): 101-113.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2021294

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    

镉暴露条件下玉米生长及根系构型分级特征研究

魏畅1(), 焦秋娟1, 柳海涛1(), 张静静1, 申凤敏1, 姜瑛1(), 张雪海2, 孙娈姿3, 杨芳4, 刘振5   

  1. 1.河南农业大学资源与环境学院,河南 郑州 450002
    2.河南农业大学农学院,省部共建小麦玉米作物学国家重点实验室,河南 郑州 450002
    3.西北农林科技大学草业与草原学院,陕西 咸阳 712100
    4.吉林农业大学资源与环境学院,吉林 长春 130118
    5.山东省黄河三角洲生态环境重点实验室,滨州学院,山东 滨州 256603
  • 收稿日期:2021-07-27 修回日期:2021-10-08 出版日期:2022-03-20 发布日期:2022-01-15
  • 通讯作者: 柳海涛,姜瑛
  • 作者简介:Corresponding author. E-mail: liuhaitaoky@henau.edu.cnjy27486@163.com
    魏畅(1997-),女,河南驻马店人,在读硕士。E-mail: wyjyl1009@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金青年基金(31901090);国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0800304);河南农业大学青年英才专项基金项目(30500671);山东农业大学作物生物学国家重点实验室开放课题项目基金(2018KF05);河南省留学人员科研择优资助项目(30602340)

Physiological effects of different Cd concentrations on maize root architecture and classification

Chang WEI1(), Qiu-juan JIAO1, Hai-tao LIU1(), Jing-jing ZHANG1, Feng-min SHEN1, Ying JIANG1(), Xue-hai ZHANG2, Luan-zi SUN3, Fang YANG4, Zhen LIU5   

  1. 1.College of Resources and Environment,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China
    2.College of Agronomy,Henan Agricultural University,Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crops Science,Zhengzhou 450002,China
    3.College of Grassland Agriculture,Northwest A&F University,Xianyang 712100,China
    4.College of Resources and Environment,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China
    5.Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Environmental Science for Yellow River Delta,Binzhou University,Binzhou 256603,China
  • Received:2021-07-27 Revised:2021-10-08 Online:2022-03-20 Published:2022-01-15
  • Contact: Hai-tao LIU,Ying JIANG

摘要:

为探究不同镉(Cd)浓度对玉米幼苗生长、Cd吸收动力学特征、根系构型及分级变化特征的影响,采用水培模拟方法,待玉米生长至两叶一心,施加不同浓度CdCl2·2.5H2O (0, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, 200 μmol·L-1),胁迫5 d后采样并测定株高、主根长、地上地下部生物量、Cd含量和光合以及根系相关指标。结果表明,随着Cd胁迫程度的升高,玉米的株高、主根长、生物量、耐受指数、总根长、根表面积、根体积、分枝数和根尖数均显著下降,根平均直径和根冠比显著升高(P<0.05);Ⅰ~Ⅲ级(0~1.5 mm)根系分级下的根系参数(根长、根表面积和根体积)呈下降趋势,且与地下部Cd浓度呈显著负相关(P<0.05),处于0~0.5 mm径级区间的根长、根表面积和根体积所占的比例在Cd胁迫下有所降低。玉米幼苗地上地下部的Cd浓度及含量在Cd胁迫下显著提高,叶绿素含量降低,光合作用受到抑制。研究表明,Cd主要通过抑制细根的生长从而影响根系的形态发育,并抑制了光合作用的进行以及玉米地上和地下部的伸长和生物量的积累。

关键词: 玉米, 镉暴露, 根系构型, 根系分级

Abstract:

In this research, a hydroponics experiment was conducted to apply different concentrations of cadmium (Cd) (0, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, 200 μmol·L-1) to maize seedlings with two leaves and one new leaf, in order to explore the effects of the different Cd concentrations on the maize seedling growth, Cd absorption kinetics and root morphology and classification. After 5 days of Cd stress, the maize seedings were sampled, the plant height, main root length, aboveground and underground biomass, root architecture, Cd content and photosynthesis and related parameters were measured. It was found that with increasing Cd stress, the plant height, main root length, biomass and tolerance index of shoots and roots, total root length, root surface area, root volume, root forks and root tips all decreased significantly; Root average diameter and root∶shoot increased significantly (P<0.05). Meanwhile root parameters (root length, root surface area and root volume) of root diameter classes designated Ⅰ-Ⅲ (0-1.5 mm) showed a decreasing trend, which had a significant (P<0.05) negative correlation with root Cd concentration. The proportion of root length, root surface area and root volume with diameter between 0-0.5 mm showed a downward trend under Cd stress. Under Cd stress, Cd concentration and accumulation in underground and aboveground parts of maize seedlings increased significantly, chlorophyll content decreased, and photosynthesis was inhibited. This study has shown that Cd affected root development mainly by inhibiting the growth and morphology of fine roots, and inhibited photosynthesis, elongation and biomass accumulation of the aboveground and underground parts of the maize seedings.

Key words: maize, Cd exposure, root architecture, root classification