草业学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (6): 89-104.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2023282
张俊豪(), 柴雪茹, 马嵩科, 张冬霞, 张静, 乔唱唱, 李爽, 黄明, 王贺正()
收稿日期:
2023-08-09
修回日期:
2023-09-21
出版日期:
2024-06-20
发布日期:
2024-03-20
通讯作者:
王贺正
作者简介:
E-mail: wanghezh@163.com基金资助:
Jun-hao ZHANG(), Xue-ru CHAI, Song-ke MA, Dong-xia ZHANG, Jing ZHANG, Chang-chang QIAO, Shuang LI, Ming HUANG, He-zheng WANG()
Received:
2023-08-09
Revised:
2023-09-21
Online:
2024-06-20
Published:
2024-03-20
Contact:
He-zheng WANG
摘要:
为明确秸秆还田配施磷肥对豫西旱地小麦碳同化物积累特性和产量的影响,2021-2022年度,以洛旱22为材料,采用裂区试验设计,主区为玉米秸秆还田处理,分别为秸秆不还田(S0)、秸秆全量还田(S1),副区为施磷量处理,分别为0 kg·hm-2 (P0)、75 kg·hm-2 (P1)、112.5 kg·hm-2 (P2)、150 kg·hm-2 (P3)、187.5 kg·hm-2 (P4),测定了不同处理下小麦干物质积累特性和产量及其构成因素,以及花后旗叶净光合速率、相对叶绿素含量(SPAD值),旗叶和籽粒的可溶性糖、蔗糖含量及蔗糖酶活性。结果表明,同一施磷水平下,与秸秆不还田相比,秸秆还田提高了小麦旗叶SPAD值和净光合速率,增加了旗叶和籽粒中的可溶性糖、蔗糖含量、蔗糖合成酶和磷酸蔗糖合成酶活性,最终使成熟期干物质积累量和籽粒产量分别显著增加9.25%~14.60%和2.17%~6.31%。同一秸秆处理下,随施磷量的增加,旗叶SPAD值、净光合速率,旗叶和籽粒中的可溶性糖、蔗糖含量、蔗糖合成酶和磷酸蔗糖合成酶及干物质积累量呈先上升后下降趋势。从互作效应看,S1P3处理下旗叶SPAD值和净光合速率,旗叶和籽粒中的可溶性糖和蔗糖含量,蔗糖合成酶和磷酸蔗糖合成酶活性等各指标均最高,从而获得最高产量,较S0P0处理增产35.70%。因此,秸秆还田配施磷150 kg·hm-2是本试验条件下的最适宜种植方式,可在豫西旱地小麦栽培上推广。
张俊豪, 柴雪茹, 马嵩科, 张冬霞, 张静, 乔唱唱, 李爽, 黄明, 王贺正. 秸秆还田配施磷肥对豫西旱地小麦碳同化物积累的影响及其生理机制[J]. 草业学报, 2024, 33(6): 89-104.
Jun-hao ZHANG, Xue-ru CHAI, Song-ke MA, Dong-xia ZHANG, Jing ZHANG, Chang-chang QIAO, Shuang LI, Ming HUANG, He-zheng WANG. Effects of straw return combined with phosphorus fertilizer on carbon assimilate accumulation in dryland wheat and the associated physiological mechanisms[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2024, 33(6): 89-104.
项目 Item | 处理 Treatment | 产量 Yield (kg·hm-2) | 穗数 Spikes (×104·hm-2) | 穗粒数 Grains per spike | 千粒重 1000-grain weight (g) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
S0 | P0 | 5372.07±113.72f | 445.86±12.83e | 32.49±0.75g | 41.28±0.10c |
P1 | 6146.39±63.71e | 487.52±13.92d | 33.78±0.20f | 45.06±0.43b | |
P2 | 6589.81±174.07cd | 514.96±8.04bc | 36.00±0.17bc | 46.76±1.35ab | |
P3 | 6975.86±148.71b | 524.20±10.10b | 35.78±0.50cd | 47.50±1.10ab | |
P4 | 6847.51±341.78bc | 510.86±5.20bc | 35.30±0.36cde | 46.65±1.36ab | |
S1 | P0 | 5638.46±117.42f | 462.52±12.50e | 34.70±0.36e | 42.24±0.99c |
P1 | 6443.56±108.05d | 495.86±19.10cd | 35.52±0.54cde | 45.39±1.20b | |
P2 | 7005.55±189.68b | 531.70±14.22b | 36.63±0.32b | 45.52±1.22a | |
P3 | 7290.14±149.25a | 571.70±12.33a | 37.66±0.35a | 48.08±1.92a | |
P4 | 6996.43±245.90b | 519.19±8.62b | 34.93±0.64de | 46.70±1.78ab | |
方差分析和F值Variance analysis and F value | S | 24.18** | 18.34** | 49.94** | 2.40 |
P | 98.44** | 47.67** | 42.91** | 21.91** | |
S×P | 0.54 | 2.48 | 7.63** | 0.39 |
表1 秸秆还田配施磷肥对小麦产量及其构成因素的影响
Table 1 Effects of straw return combined with phosphorus fertilizer on wheat yield and components factors
项目 Item | 处理 Treatment | 产量 Yield (kg·hm-2) | 穗数 Spikes (×104·hm-2) | 穗粒数 Grains per spike | 千粒重 1000-grain weight (g) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
S0 | P0 | 5372.07±113.72f | 445.86±12.83e | 32.49±0.75g | 41.28±0.10c |
P1 | 6146.39±63.71e | 487.52±13.92d | 33.78±0.20f | 45.06±0.43b | |
P2 | 6589.81±174.07cd | 514.96±8.04bc | 36.00±0.17bc | 46.76±1.35ab | |
P3 | 6975.86±148.71b | 524.20±10.10b | 35.78±0.50cd | 47.50±1.10ab | |
P4 | 6847.51±341.78bc | 510.86±5.20bc | 35.30±0.36cde | 46.65±1.36ab | |
S1 | P0 | 5638.46±117.42f | 462.52±12.50e | 34.70±0.36e | 42.24±0.99c |
P1 | 6443.56±108.05d | 495.86±19.10cd | 35.52±0.54cde | 45.39±1.20b | |
P2 | 7005.55±189.68b | 531.70±14.22b | 36.63±0.32b | 45.52±1.22a | |
P3 | 7290.14±149.25a | 571.70±12.33a | 37.66±0.35a | 48.08±1.92a | |
P4 | 6996.43±245.90b | 519.19±8.62b | 34.93±0.64de | 46.70±1.78ab | |
方差分析和F值Variance analysis and F value | S | 24.18** | 18.34** | 49.94** | 2.40 |
P | 98.44** | 47.67** | 42.91** | 21.91** | |
S×P | 0.54 | 2.48 | 7.63** | 0.39 |
图1 秸秆还田配施磷肥对小麦干物质积累的影响S0:秸秆不还田处理;S1:秸秆还田处理;P0~P4:施磷量分别为0 kg·hm-2 (P0)、75 kg·hm-2 (P1)、112.5 kg·hm-2 (P2)、150 kg·hm-2 (P3)、187.5 kg·hm-2 (P4)。图中不同小写字母表示不同处理在0.05水平差异显著。下同。 S0: Without straw return treatment; S1: Straw return treatment; P0 to P4: The phosphorus application levels were 0 kg·ha-1 (P0), 75 kg·ha-1 (P1), 112.5 kg·ha-1 (P2), 150 kg·ha-1 (P3), and 187.5 kg·ha-1 (P4), respectively. Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences at the 0.05 level among different treatments in the Figure. The same below.
Fig. 1 Effects of straw return combined with phosphorus fertilizer on dry matter accumulation of wheat
项目 Item | 处理 Treatment | TSSBA (kg·hm-2) | CRSSTBA (%) | TRSSBA (%) | MSDM (kg·hm-2) | ADMAA (kg·hm-2) | CRSSTAA (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
S0 | P0 | 1860.09±38.78ef | 34.63±0.90a | 24.95±0.47a | 10967.10±67.06h | 3511.98±111.42g | 65.37±0.90e |
P1 | 1954.56±30.84bcd | 31.80±0.80b | 23.44±1.04b | 12528.97±125.57f | 4191.83±91.72e | 68.20±0.80d | |
P2 | 2060.27±15.14a | 31.26±0.37bc | 22.97±0.50bc | 13499.34±16.82e | 4529.54±53.04d | 68.74±0.37cd | |
P3 | 2060.65±27.73a | 29.54±0.95cd | 20.50±0.44d | 14966.61±105.13c | 4915.21±169.94bc | 70.46±0.95bc | |
P4 | 2028.09±67.36ab | 29.62±1.37cd | 22.11±0.98c | 13993.65±221.49d | 4819.43±184.15c | 70.38±1.37bc | |
S1 | P0 | 1798.18±37.72f | 31.89±1.13b | 22.09±0.32c | 11981.54±226.26g | 3840.28±139.36f | 68.11±1.13d |
P1 | 1915.48±48.73cde | 29.73±1.25cd | 20.29±0.42de | 13966.93±59.46d | 4528.08±156.06d | 70.27±1.25bc | |
P2 | 1875.76±20.29def | 26.78±0.67e | 18.14±0.48f | 15470.65±214.06b | 5129.79±182.18ab | 73.22±0.67a | |
P3 | 2067.00±15.41a | 28.35±0.69de | 18.28±0.44f | 16529.64±186.64a | 5223.14±155.74a | 71.65±0.69ab | |
P4 | 1979.48±85.80abc | 28.29±1.49de | 19.13±1.07ef | 15362.66±204.86b | 5016.95±150.52abc | 71.71±1.49ab | |
方差分析和F值Variance analysis and F value | S | 15.02** | 38.44** | 167.13** | 652.10** | 48.48** | 38.44** |
P | 21.33** | 19.59** | 31.89** | 642.91** | 99.09** | 19.59** | |
S×P | 3.55* | 2.47 | 3.09** | 7.21** | 1.70 | 2.47 |
表2 秸秆还田配施磷肥对小麦干物质转运的影响
Table 2 Effects of straw return combined with phosphorus fertilizer on dry matter transport of wheat
项目 Item | 处理 Treatment | TSSBA (kg·hm-2) | CRSSTBA (%) | TRSSBA (%) | MSDM (kg·hm-2) | ADMAA (kg·hm-2) | CRSSTAA (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
S0 | P0 | 1860.09±38.78ef | 34.63±0.90a | 24.95±0.47a | 10967.10±67.06h | 3511.98±111.42g | 65.37±0.90e |
P1 | 1954.56±30.84bcd | 31.80±0.80b | 23.44±1.04b | 12528.97±125.57f | 4191.83±91.72e | 68.20±0.80d | |
P2 | 2060.27±15.14a | 31.26±0.37bc | 22.97±0.50bc | 13499.34±16.82e | 4529.54±53.04d | 68.74±0.37cd | |
P3 | 2060.65±27.73a | 29.54±0.95cd | 20.50±0.44d | 14966.61±105.13c | 4915.21±169.94bc | 70.46±0.95bc | |
P4 | 2028.09±67.36ab | 29.62±1.37cd | 22.11±0.98c | 13993.65±221.49d | 4819.43±184.15c | 70.38±1.37bc | |
S1 | P0 | 1798.18±37.72f | 31.89±1.13b | 22.09±0.32c | 11981.54±226.26g | 3840.28±139.36f | 68.11±1.13d |
P1 | 1915.48±48.73cde | 29.73±1.25cd | 20.29±0.42de | 13966.93±59.46d | 4528.08±156.06d | 70.27±1.25bc | |
P2 | 1875.76±20.29def | 26.78±0.67e | 18.14±0.48f | 15470.65±214.06b | 5129.79±182.18ab | 73.22±0.67a | |
P3 | 2067.00±15.41a | 28.35±0.69de | 18.28±0.44f | 16529.64±186.64a | 5223.14±155.74a | 71.65±0.69ab | |
P4 | 1979.48±85.80abc | 28.29±1.49de | 19.13±1.07ef | 15362.66±204.86b | 5016.95±150.52abc | 71.71±1.49ab | |
方差分析和F值Variance analysis and F value | S | 15.02** | 38.44** | 167.13** | 652.10** | 48.48** | 38.44** |
P | 21.33** | 19.59** | 31.89** | 642.91** | 99.09** | 19.59** | |
S×P | 3.55* | 2.47 | 3.09** | 7.21** | 1.70 | 2.47 |
项目 Item | 处理 Treatment | 花后天数Days after flowering (d) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0 | 7 | 14 | 21 | 28 | ||
S0 | P0 | 11.31±0.47e | 9.19±0.29e | 8.63±0.49e | 6.45±0.41f | 4.31±0.43e |
P1 | 12.34±0.26e | 10.59±0.28d | 9.54±0.36d | 7.53±0.39e | 6.56±0.56d | |
P2 | 14.68±0.40d | 11.55±0.45c | 10.64±0.25c | 8.71±0.24d | 7.27±0.01cd | |
P3 | 17.58±0.37b | 13.99±0.14ab | 12.42±0.02a | 10.43±0.33b | 9.06±0.10ab | |
P4 | 16.40±0.44c | 13.69±0.16b | 11.49±0.27b | 9.17±0.28cd | 8.64±0.04b | |
S1 | P0 | 12.17±0.57e | 10.62±0.50d | 8.73±0.20e | 7.63±0.38e | 6.61±0.02d |
P1 | 14.50±0.40d | 11.47±0.29cd | 10.53±0.36c | 8.69±0.39d | 7.60±0.58c | |
P2 | 17.96±0.76b | 13.89±0.90ab | 11.69±0.03b | 10.87±0.43ab | 8.77±0.48b | |
P3 | 20.15±0.87a | 14.76±0.60a | 12.61±0.22a | 11.13±0.50a | 9.60±0.43a | |
P4 | 18.32±1.26b | 13.42±0.74b | 12.51±0.14a | 9.54±0.02c | 9.19±0.69ab | |
方差分析和F值Variance analysis and F value | S | 77.29** | 31.00** | 41.03** | 76.82** | 57.93** |
P | 112.81** | 78.53** | 177.08** | 106.03** | 78.77** | |
S×P | 2.63 | 5.43** | 4.21* | 5.67** | 4.45* |
表3 秸秆还田配施磷肥对小麦花后净光合速率的影响
Table 3 Effects of straw return combined with phosphorus fertilizer on net photosynthetic rate of wheat after flowering (μmol·m-2·s-1)
项目 Item | 处理 Treatment | 花后天数Days after flowering (d) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0 | 7 | 14 | 21 | 28 | ||
S0 | P0 | 11.31±0.47e | 9.19±0.29e | 8.63±0.49e | 6.45±0.41f | 4.31±0.43e |
P1 | 12.34±0.26e | 10.59±0.28d | 9.54±0.36d | 7.53±0.39e | 6.56±0.56d | |
P2 | 14.68±0.40d | 11.55±0.45c | 10.64±0.25c | 8.71±0.24d | 7.27±0.01cd | |
P3 | 17.58±0.37b | 13.99±0.14ab | 12.42±0.02a | 10.43±0.33b | 9.06±0.10ab | |
P4 | 16.40±0.44c | 13.69±0.16b | 11.49±0.27b | 9.17±0.28cd | 8.64±0.04b | |
S1 | P0 | 12.17±0.57e | 10.62±0.50d | 8.73±0.20e | 7.63±0.38e | 6.61±0.02d |
P1 | 14.50±0.40d | 11.47±0.29cd | 10.53±0.36c | 8.69±0.39d | 7.60±0.58c | |
P2 | 17.96±0.76b | 13.89±0.90ab | 11.69±0.03b | 10.87±0.43ab | 8.77±0.48b | |
P3 | 20.15±0.87a | 14.76±0.60a | 12.61±0.22a | 11.13±0.50a | 9.60±0.43a | |
P4 | 18.32±1.26b | 13.42±0.74b | 12.51±0.14a | 9.54±0.02c | 9.19±0.69ab | |
方差分析和F值Variance analysis and F value | S | 77.29** | 31.00** | 41.03** | 76.82** | 57.93** |
P | 112.81** | 78.53** | 177.08** | 106.03** | 78.77** | |
S×P | 2.63 | 5.43** | 4.21* | 5.67** | 4.45* |
图2 秸秆还田配施磷对小麦旗叶SPAD值的影响不同小写字母表示花后同天不同处理下差异显著(P<0.05)。*: P<0.05;**: P<0.01。下同。Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences at the P<0.05 level among different treatments in the same day after flowering. *: P<0.05; **: P<0.01. The same below.
Fig. 2 Effects of straw return combined with phosphorus fertilizer on SPAD value in flag leaves of wheat
项目 Item | 处理 Treatment | 花后天数Days after flowering (d) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
5 | 10 | 15 | 20 | 25 | 30 | ||
S0 | P0 | 2.98±0.07g | 3.22±0.01g | 7.07±0.19d | 5.11±0.09g | 3.71±0.16f | 2.03±0.02e |
P1 | 3.27±0.08f | 3.43±0.14f | 7.13±0.16d | 5.39±0.06f | 3.74±0.18f | 2.63±0.11c | |
P2 | 3.48±0.06de | 3.72±0.01de | 7.69±0.09c | 5.89±0.18de | 3.96±0.01de | 2.77±0.14c | |
P3 | 3.90±0.10b | 4.15±0.04bc | 8.10±0.27b | 6.29±0.08b | 4.32±0.05b | 3.06±0.01ab | |
P4 | 3.65±0.01c | 4.02±0.06c | 7.80±0.02bc | 6.02±0.15cd | 4.18±0.02bc | 2.93±0.01b | |
S1 | P0 | 3.36±0.02ef | 3.56±0.03ef | 7.18±0.02d | 5.41±0.02f | 3.85±0.01ef | 2.40±0.04d |
P1 | 3.59±0.01cd | 3.76±0.03d | 7.64±0.21c | 5.71±0.09e | 4.05±0.05cd | 2.75±0.04c | |
P2 | 3.96±0.12b | 4.24±0.13b | 8.11±0.30b | 6.12±0.14bc | 4.20±0.08bc | 2.98±0.08b | |
P3 | 4.27±0.05a | 4.61±0.08a | 8.72±0.18a | 6.69±0.03a | 4.57±0.02a | 3.16±0.04a | |
P4 | 3.97±0.15b | 4.25±0.19b | 8.00±0.35bc | 6.17±0.18bc | 4.24±0.10b | 3.01±0.04b | |
方差分析和F值Variance analysis and F value | S | 142.86** | 118.76** | 21.40** | 45.81** | 34.72** | 40.84** |
P | 103.69** | 106.27** | 31.05** | 111.69** | 47.65** | 146.37** | |
S×P | 0.97 | 2.18 | 1.36 | 1.27 | 1.53 | 4.91** |
表4 秸秆还田配施磷对旗叶蔗糖合成酶活性的影响
Table 4 Effects of straw return combined with phosphorus fertilizer on sucrose synthetase activity of flag leaves (mg·g-1·min-1)
项目 Item | 处理 Treatment | 花后天数Days after flowering (d) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
5 | 10 | 15 | 20 | 25 | 30 | ||
S0 | P0 | 2.98±0.07g | 3.22±0.01g | 7.07±0.19d | 5.11±0.09g | 3.71±0.16f | 2.03±0.02e |
P1 | 3.27±0.08f | 3.43±0.14f | 7.13±0.16d | 5.39±0.06f | 3.74±0.18f | 2.63±0.11c | |
P2 | 3.48±0.06de | 3.72±0.01de | 7.69±0.09c | 5.89±0.18de | 3.96±0.01de | 2.77±0.14c | |
P3 | 3.90±0.10b | 4.15±0.04bc | 8.10±0.27b | 6.29±0.08b | 4.32±0.05b | 3.06±0.01ab | |
P4 | 3.65±0.01c | 4.02±0.06c | 7.80±0.02bc | 6.02±0.15cd | 4.18±0.02bc | 2.93±0.01b | |
S1 | P0 | 3.36±0.02ef | 3.56±0.03ef | 7.18±0.02d | 5.41±0.02f | 3.85±0.01ef | 2.40±0.04d |
P1 | 3.59±0.01cd | 3.76±0.03d | 7.64±0.21c | 5.71±0.09e | 4.05±0.05cd | 2.75±0.04c | |
P2 | 3.96±0.12b | 4.24±0.13b | 8.11±0.30b | 6.12±0.14bc | 4.20±0.08bc | 2.98±0.08b | |
P3 | 4.27±0.05a | 4.61±0.08a | 8.72±0.18a | 6.69±0.03a | 4.57±0.02a | 3.16±0.04a | |
P4 | 3.97±0.15b | 4.25±0.19b | 8.00±0.35bc | 6.17±0.18bc | 4.24±0.10b | 3.01±0.04b | |
方差分析和F值Variance analysis and F value | S | 142.86** | 118.76** | 21.40** | 45.81** | 34.72** | 40.84** |
P | 103.69** | 106.27** | 31.05** | 111.69** | 47.65** | 146.37** | |
S×P | 0.97 | 2.18 | 1.36 | 1.27 | 1.53 | 4.91** |
项目 Item | 处理 Treatment | 花后天数Days after flowering (d) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
5 | 10 | 15 | 20 | 25 | 30 | ||
S0 | P0 | 3.31±0.05g | 4.68±0.28f | 8.00±0.16g | 5.83±0.30g | 4.65±0.43g | 1.81±0.12f |
P1 | 5.57±0.38f | 5.89±0.49e | 8.88±0.02f | 6.67±0.22f | 5.91±0.08f | 2.64±0.34de | |
P2 | 6.64±0.03de | 6.33±0.33e | 9.50±0.47e | 7.60±0.22e | 6.72±0.09de | 3.66±0.25c | |
P3 | 7.87±0.01b | 7.45±0.22d | 11.74±0.34b | 8.31±0.28cd | 7.58±0.09bc | 5.10±0.43b | |
P4 | 7.13±0.42cd | 7.03±0.18d | 10.63±0.14c | 7.86±0.12de | 7.17±0.05cd | 4.79±0.19b | |
S1 | P0 | 5.70±0.03f | 6.27±0.12e | 8.78±0.32f | 6.66±0.33f | 5.40±0.30f | 2.28±0.10ef |
P1 | 6.48±0.46e | 6.97±0.05d | 9.39±0.19e | 7.36±0.28e | 6.50±0.40e | 2.96±0.30d | |
P2 | 7.24±0.25c | 8.28±0.44c | 10.12±0.10d | 8.68±0.53c | 7.14±0.07cd | 3.97±0.22c | |
P3 | 8.50±0.03a | 10.11±0.60a | 12.46±0.24a | 10.62±0.61a | 8.78±0.49a | 6.00±0.54a | |
P4 | 7.86±0.56b | 9.19±0.54b | 11.58±0.36b | 9.72±0.64b | 8.08±0.44b | 5.22±0.31b | |
方差分析和F值Variance analysis and F value | S | 88.75** | 206.45** | 49.23** | 105.15** | 45.30** | 18.56** |
P | 130.68** | 79.92** | 172.23** | 77.94** | 92.01** | 136.20** | |
S×P | 9.22** | 4.08* | 0.52 | 5.62** | 1.35 | 0.94 |
表5 秸秆还田配施磷肥对旗叶磷酸蔗糖合成酶活性的影响
Table 5 Effects of straw return combined with phosphorus fertilizer on sucrose phosphate synthetase activity of flag leaves (mg·g-1·min-1)
项目 Item | 处理 Treatment | 花后天数Days after flowering (d) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
5 | 10 | 15 | 20 | 25 | 30 | ||
S0 | P0 | 3.31±0.05g | 4.68±0.28f | 8.00±0.16g | 5.83±0.30g | 4.65±0.43g | 1.81±0.12f |
P1 | 5.57±0.38f | 5.89±0.49e | 8.88±0.02f | 6.67±0.22f | 5.91±0.08f | 2.64±0.34de | |
P2 | 6.64±0.03de | 6.33±0.33e | 9.50±0.47e | 7.60±0.22e | 6.72±0.09de | 3.66±0.25c | |
P3 | 7.87±0.01b | 7.45±0.22d | 11.74±0.34b | 8.31±0.28cd | 7.58±0.09bc | 5.10±0.43b | |
P4 | 7.13±0.42cd | 7.03±0.18d | 10.63±0.14c | 7.86±0.12de | 7.17±0.05cd | 4.79±0.19b | |
S1 | P0 | 5.70±0.03f | 6.27±0.12e | 8.78±0.32f | 6.66±0.33f | 5.40±0.30f | 2.28±0.10ef |
P1 | 6.48±0.46e | 6.97±0.05d | 9.39±0.19e | 7.36±0.28e | 6.50±0.40e | 2.96±0.30d | |
P2 | 7.24±0.25c | 8.28±0.44c | 10.12±0.10d | 8.68±0.53c | 7.14±0.07cd | 3.97±0.22c | |
P3 | 8.50±0.03a | 10.11±0.60a | 12.46±0.24a | 10.62±0.61a | 8.78±0.49a | 6.00±0.54a | |
P4 | 7.86±0.56b | 9.19±0.54b | 11.58±0.36b | 9.72±0.64b | 8.08±0.44b | 5.22±0.31b | |
方差分析和F值Variance analysis and F value | S | 88.75** | 206.45** | 49.23** | 105.15** | 45.30** | 18.56** |
P | 130.68** | 79.92** | 172.23** | 77.94** | 92.01** | 136.20** | |
S×P | 9.22** | 4.08* | 0.52 | 5.62** | 1.35 | 0.94 |
项目 Item | 处理 Treatment | 花后天数Days after flowering (d) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
5 | 10 | 15 | 20 | 25 | 30 | ||
S0 | P0 | 5.68±0.20g | 7.95±0.21h | 9.13±0.23e | 4.51±0.35g | 2.36±0.08h | 1.17±0.12g |
P1 | 6.28±0.40f | 8.79±0.38fg | 10.18±0.57de | 5.48±0.31f | 2.64±0.12g | 1.31±0.02fg | |
P2 | 6.91±0.14e | 9.46±0.21e | 10.65±0.43cd | 5.89±0.17f | 3.31±0.07e | 1.41±0.04ef | |
P3 | 8.28±0.50bc | 11.03±0.23b | 12.92±1.18b | 6.91±0.09cd | 4.04±0.11b | 1.67±0.12bc | |
P4 | 7.38±0.30de | 10.12±0.43d | 11.67±0.42c | 6.37±0.20e | 3.54±0.11d | 1.52±0.02cde | |
S1 | P0 | 6.35±0.27f | 8.53±0.19g | 10.95±0.13cd | 5.59±0.30f | 2.65±0.11g | 1.35±0.05ef |
P1 | 7.11±0.17e | 9.32±0.05ef | 11.23±0.98cd | 6.51±0.35de | 2.84±0.08f | 1.46±0.07def | |
P2 | 8.13±0.19cd | 10.28±0.43cd | 13.09±0.89ab | 7.08±0.11c | 3.77±0.10c | 1.59±0.11cd | |
P3 | 9.47±0.42a | 11.98±0.52a | 14.21±0.07a | 8.52±0.46a | 4.64±0.08a | 2.10±0.06a | |
P4 | 8.43±0.21b | 10.80±0.36bc | 13.66±0.08ab | 7.60±0.18b | 3.95±0.09b | 1.83±0.18b | |
方差分析和F值Variance analysis and F value | S | 66.89** | 34.07** | 53.36** | 170.70** | 120.27** | 56.47** |
P | 74.96** | 86.47** | 29.62** | 91.90** | 349.67** | 43.92** | |
S×P | 0.98 | 0.39 | 1.12 | 1.15 | 3.72* | 2.55 |
表6 秸秆还田配施磷肥对籽粒蔗糖合成酶活性的影响
Table 6 Effects of straw return combined with phosphorus fertilizer on sucrose synthase activity of grain (mg·g-1·min-1)
项目 Item | 处理 Treatment | 花后天数Days after flowering (d) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
5 | 10 | 15 | 20 | 25 | 30 | ||
S0 | P0 | 5.68±0.20g | 7.95±0.21h | 9.13±0.23e | 4.51±0.35g | 2.36±0.08h | 1.17±0.12g |
P1 | 6.28±0.40f | 8.79±0.38fg | 10.18±0.57de | 5.48±0.31f | 2.64±0.12g | 1.31±0.02fg | |
P2 | 6.91±0.14e | 9.46±0.21e | 10.65±0.43cd | 5.89±0.17f | 3.31±0.07e | 1.41±0.04ef | |
P3 | 8.28±0.50bc | 11.03±0.23b | 12.92±1.18b | 6.91±0.09cd | 4.04±0.11b | 1.67±0.12bc | |
P4 | 7.38±0.30de | 10.12±0.43d | 11.67±0.42c | 6.37±0.20e | 3.54±0.11d | 1.52±0.02cde | |
S1 | P0 | 6.35±0.27f | 8.53±0.19g | 10.95±0.13cd | 5.59±0.30f | 2.65±0.11g | 1.35±0.05ef |
P1 | 7.11±0.17e | 9.32±0.05ef | 11.23±0.98cd | 6.51±0.35de | 2.84±0.08f | 1.46±0.07def | |
P2 | 8.13±0.19cd | 10.28±0.43cd | 13.09±0.89ab | 7.08±0.11c | 3.77±0.10c | 1.59±0.11cd | |
P3 | 9.47±0.42a | 11.98±0.52a | 14.21±0.07a | 8.52±0.46a | 4.64±0.08a | 2.10±0.06a | |
P4 | 8.43±0.21b | 10.80±0.36bc | 13.66±0.08ab | 7.60±0.18b | 3.95±0.09b | 1.83±0.18b | |
方差分析和F值Variance analysis and F value | S | 66.89** | 34.07** | 53.36** | 170.70** | 120.27** | 56.47** |
P | 74.96** | 86.47** | 29.62** | 91.90** | 349.67** | 43.92** | |
S×P | 0.98 | 0.39 | 1.12 | 1.15 | 3.72* | 2.55 |
项目 Item | 处理 Treatment | 花后天数Days after flowering (d) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
5 | 10 | 15 | 20 | 25 | 30 | ||
S0 | P0 | 11.90±0.48h | 8.83±0.26h | 7.42±0.33h | 5.22±0.38g | 2.52±0.43g | 1.39±0.07g |
P1 | 13.37±0.44g | 10.37±0.75g | 8.44±0.47g | 6.17±0.29ef | 3.37±0.40f | 1.74±0.11fg | |
P2 | 14.55±0.31f | 11.37±0.76f | 9.46±0.45ef | 7.10±0.16d | 4.17±0.19e | 1.90±0.03ef | |
P3 | 18.31±0.53c | 13.24±0.65cd | 10.90±0.66c | 8.08±0.06c | 5.53±0.13c | 2.35±0.16d | |
P4 | 15.91±0.68e | 12.28±0.61e | 9.87±0.33de | 6.74±0.65de | 4.74±0.37d | 2.07±0.19def | |
S1 | P0 | 13.03±0.15g | 10.45±0.41g | 8.38±0.44g | 5.98±0.35f | 3.07±0.14f | 1.89±0.08ef |
P1 | 14.69±0.57f | 12.66±0.60de | 9.23±0.13f | 7.07±0.12d | 4.76±0.15d | 2.25±0.12de | |
P2 | 17.41±0.92d | 13.82±0.60c | 10.33±0.41cd | 8.20±0.55c | 5.83±0.16bc | 3.05±0.13c | |
P3 | 26.05±0.11a | 17.25±0.68a | 12.96±0.43a | 10.34±0.23a | 7.44±0.34a | 4.24±0.40a | |
P4 | 20.13±0.17b | 15.03±0.12b | 11.59±0.11b | 9.13±0.30b | 6.20±0.17b | 3.62±0.40b | |
方差分析和F值Variance analysis and F value | S | 366.35** | 351.15** | 108.69** | 121.19** | 187.31** | 201.67** |
P | 351.46** | 184.31** | 132.08** | 82.72** | 152.11** | 56.01** | |
S×P | 45.35** | 7.89** | 4.35* | 6.74** | 5.07** | 12.50** |
表7 秸秆还田配施磷肥对籽粒磷酸蔗糖合成酶活性的影响
Table 7 Effects of straw return combined with phosphorus fertilizer on the activity of sucrose phosphate synthetase in grain (mg·g-1·min-1)
项目 Item | 处理 Treatment | 花后天数Days after flowering (d) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
5 | 10 | 15 | 20 | 25 | 30 | ||
S0 | P0 | 11.90±0.48h | 8.83±0.26h | 7.42±0.33h | 5.22±0.38g | 2.52±0.43g | 1.39±0.07g |
P1 | 13.37±0.44g | 10.37±0.75g | 8.44±0.47g | 6.17±0.29ef | 3.37±0.40f | 1.74±0.11fg | |
P2 | 14.55±0.31f | 11.37±0.76f | 9.46±0.45ef | 7.10±0.16d | 4.17±0.19e | 1.90±0.03ef | |
P3 | 18.31±0.53c | 13.24±0.65cd | 10.90±0.66c | 8.08±0.06c | 5.53±0.13c | 2.35±0.16d | |
P4 | 15.91±0.68e | 12.28±0.61e | 9.87±0.33de | 6.74±0.65de | 4.74±0.37d | 2.07±0.19def | |
S1 | P0 | 13.03±0.15g | 10.45±0.41g | 8.38±0.44g | 5.98±0.35f | 3.07±0.14f | 1.89±0.08ef |
P1 | 14.69±0.57f | 12.66±0.60de | 9.23±0.13f | 7.07±0.12d | 4.76±0.15d | 2.25±0.12de | |
P2 | 17.41±0.92d | 13.82±0.60c | 10.33±0.41cd | 8.20±0.55c | 5.83±0.16bc | 3.05±0.13c | |
P3 | 26.05±0.11a | 17.25±0.68a | 12.96±0.43a | 10.34±0.23a | 7.44±0.34a | 4.24±0.40a | |
P4 | 20.13±0.17b | 15.03±0.12b | 11.59±0.11b | 9.13±0.30b | 6.20±0.17b | 3.62±0.40b | |
方差分析和F值Variance analysis and F value | S | 366.35** | 351.15** | 108.69** | 121.19** | 187.31** | 201.67** |
P | 351.46** | 184.31** | 132.08** | 82.72** | 152.11** | 56.01** | |
S×P | 45.35** | 7.89** | 4.35* | 6.74** | 5.07** | 12.50** |
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