草业学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (11): 94-104.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2021443
李强1,2(), 丛山1,2,3, 赵成振1,2,3, 黄迎新1,2, 周道玮1,2
收稿日期:
2021-11-30
修回日期:
2022-02-24
出版日期:
2022-11-20
发布日期:
2022-10-01
通讯作者:
李强
作者简介:
李强(1984-),男,吉林农安人,副研究员,博士。E-mail: liqiang@iga.ac.cn基金资助:
Qiang LI1,2(), Shan CONG1,2,3, Cheng-zhen ZHAO1,2,3, Ying-xin HUANG1,2, Dao-wei ZHOU1,2
Received:
2021-11-30
Revised:
2022-02-24
Online:
2022-11-20
Published:
2022-10-01
Contact:
Qiang LI
摘要:
为揭示播期、播前刈割及其交互作用对补播紫花苜蓿建植的影响,选取轻度退化羊草草甸,在不同日期(5月1日、6月1日、7月1日、8月1日)和补播前2个刈割(刈割、不刈割)交互处理下进行紫花苜蓿补播,研究紫花苜蓿建植表现的变化及其生态学机制。结果发现:7月1日补播后苜蓿出苗期间土壤含水量最高,刈割降低了苜蓿出苗和幼苗生长期的羊草植被高度。播期和刈割对苜蓿建植的影响存在显著交互作用。刈割通过降低羊草植被高度显著提高苜蓿出苗率,刈割后,受土壤水分季节变化影响,7月1日补播的苜蓿出苗率(20%)显著高于其他播期。通过降低植被高度和地上资源竞争,割草显著提高苜蓿幼苗存活率,割草处理下,7月1日补播的苜蓿存活幼苗数及幼苗存活率最高,分别为83株·m-2和53%。随播期延后生长时间缩短,苜蓿幼苗发育受到限制,越冬率显著降低。割草通过促进幼苗生长显著提高了苜蓿幼苗越冬率。割草处理下,7月1日补播返青苜蓿植株数量达22株·m-2,显著高于其他播期。翌年群落调查数据表明:播前刈割显著提高了草地中紫花苜蓿生物量,且7月1日刈割后补播草地的苜蓿生物量显著高于其他处理,播前割草也显著提升了饲草粗蛋白含量。综合各处理紫花苜蓿补播效果和饲草生产实际,研究建议羊草草甸的紫花苜蓿补播应在植被刈割后进行,补播时间选择在7月1日前后对紫花苜蓿成功建植较为有利。
李强, 丛山, 赵成振, 黄迎新, 周道玮. 播期和播前刈割对羊草草甸中紫花苜蓿建植的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2022, 31(11): 94-104.
Qiang LI, Shan CONG, Cheng-zhen ZHAO, Ying-xin HUANG, Dao-wei ZHOU. The influences of reseeding date and mowing prior to reseeding on establishment of alfalfa in Leymus chinensis meadows[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2022, 31(11): 94-104.
图2 不同播期和割草管理下苜蓿出苗期和幼苗生长期的土壤平均含水量D代表播期;D1: 5月1日; D2: 6月1日; D3: 7月1日; D4: 8月1日; C代表割草;D×C代表播期和割草交互作用;不同小写字母表示不同处理间差异显著。下同。D represents sowing date; D1: May 1; D2: June 1; D3: July 1; D4: August 1; C represents cutting; D×C represents the interaction effect between sowing date and cutting; Different lowercase letters indicated significant differences between different treatments. The same below.
Fig.2 Mean soil moisture during emergence and growth of alfalfa seedling under different sowing date and cutting managements
图3 不同播期和割草管理下苜蓿出苗期和幼苗生长期的羊草平均高度
Fig.3 Mean height of L. chinensis during emergence and growth of alfalfa seedling under different sowing date and cutting managements
图5 不同播期和割草管理下紫花苜蓿幼苗地上生物量、根生物量、根系可溶性糖含量及根系氮含量
Fig.5 Aboveground biomass, root biomass and root soluble sugar and nitrogen concentrations of M. sativa seedling under different sowing date and cutting managements
图6 苜蓿出苗率、存活率与土壤含水量、羊草高度的关系-·表示割草处理数据的回归线, -表示全部数据的回归线,下同。 -· shows regression line under cutting treatment, - shows regression line with all data. The same below.
Fig.6 Correlation between emergence rate, survival rate and soil water content and height of L. chinensis
图7 苜蓿越冬率与越冬前苜蓿根生物量及根可溶性糖含量的关系……表示不割草处理数据的回归线。…… shows regression line under no cutting treatment.
Fig.7 Correlation between overwintering rate of M. sativa and its root biomass and root soluble sugar concentration
图8 苜蓿补播次年不同播期和割草管理下草地紫花苜蓿地上生物量、总地上生物量及饲草粗蛋白含量
Fig.8 M. Sativa aboveground biomass, total aboveground biomass and crude protein concentration of forage in second year after reseeding under different sowing date and cutting managements
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