草业学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (6): 24-34.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2025262
收稿日期:2025-06-26
修回日期:2025-07-21
出版日期:2026-06-20
发布日期:2026-04-13
通讯作者:
南丽丽
作者简介:Corresponding author. E-mail: nanll@gsau.edu.cn基金资助:
Meng-yu REN(
), Li-qun WANG, Li-li NAN(
), Jia-yu GUO
Received:2025-06-26
Revised:2025-07-21
Online:2026-06-20
Published:2026-04-13
Contact:
Li-li NAN
摘要:
为探讨紫花苜蓿新品系在盐胁迫下的变化及响应机制,以5份苜蓿新品系(P1、P2、P3、P4、P5)及中苜1号紫花苜蓿(ZM)为研究对象,在盐胁迫(200?mmol·L-1 NaCl)下分别处理0(CK)、8与16?d后测定其开花期形态、生理等指标。结果表明:随盐胁迫时间的延长,供试苜蓿的株高、叶面积、地上生物量、地下生物量和地上部及地下部K+含量呈降低趋势。同时,盐胁迫也抑制了供试苜蓿根系的生长,根总长、根总表面积、根平均直径、根体积和根尖数均降低。而总黄酮含量,苯丙氨酸解氨酶、肉桂酸-4-羟基化酶、4-香豆酸辅酶A连接酶活性和地上部及地下部Na+含量均增加。主成分分析表明,地下部K+及Na+含量、根尖数、株高与叶面积可视为评估苜蓿开花期耐盐性的关键指标。隶属函数综合评价表明,供试苜蓿耐盐性排名为P3>P4>P5>ZM>P2>P1。综上所述,P3为耐盐胁迫品系,P1为盐胁迫敏感品系。
任孟雨, 王利群, 南丽丽, 郭佳雨. 紫花苜蓿新品系对盐胁迫的响应[J]. 草业学报, 2026, 35(6): 24-34.
Meng-yu REN, Li-qun WANG, Li-li NAN, Jia-yu GUO. Responses of new alfalfa lines to salt stress[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2026, 35(6): 24-34.
图1 盐胁迫下苜蓿新品系形态指标变化不同小写字母表示同一时间处理下各苜蓿种质间差异显著(P<0.05);不同大写字母表示相同苜蓿种质在不同时间处理下差异显著(P<0.05)。下同。The lowercase letters indicate significant differences among different alfalfa germplasms under the same time treatment (P<0.05), and different capital letters indicate significant differences in alfalfa germplasm under different time treatments (P<0.05). The same below.
Fig.1 Changes of morphological indexes of new alfalfa lines under salt stress
指标 Index | 主成分 Principal component | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | ||
| 株高 Plant height | 0.844 | 0.102 | 0.067 | 0.061 | |
| 叶面积 Leaf area | 0.861 | 0.081 | 0.315 | 0.098 | |
| 叶长 Leaf length | 0.792 | -0.066 | -0.350 | -0.079 | |
| 叶宽 Leaf width | 0.670 | 0.166 | 0.609 | 0.181 | |
| 地上干重 Aboveground dry weight | 0.774 | -0.148 | -0.038 | 0.537 | |
| 地下干重 Belowground dry weight | 0.775 | 0.565 | -0.041 | 0.077 | |
| 根冠比 Root-shoot ratio | 0.449 | 0.812 | 0.042 | -0.246 | |
| 总黄酮 Total flavonoid | -0.719 | 0.246 | 0.247 | -0.242 | |
| 苯丙氨酸解氨酶 Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) | -0.516 | -0.035 | -0.665 | 0.303 | |
| 肉桂酸-4-羟基化酶 Cinnamic acid-4-hydroxylase (C4H) | -0.814 | -0.284 | 0.036 | 0.189 | |
| 4-香豆酸辅酶A连接酶 4-coumarate CoA ligase (4CL) | -0.761 | 0.169 | 0.133 | 0.282 | |
| 地上部K+含量 Aboveground K+ content | 0.775 | 0.311 | -0.256 | 0.172 | |
| 地下部K+含量Belowground K+ content | 0.916 | 0.097 | -0.157 | -0.127 | |
| 地上部Na+含量Aboveground Na+ content | -0.874 | -0.203 | 0.227 | 0.032 | |
| 地下部Na+含量Belowground Na+ content | -0.905 | 0.046 | 0.177 | 0.138 | |
| 根总长 Total root length | 0.775 | -0.495 | -0.019 | -0.222 | |
| 根总表面积 Total root surface area | 0.625 | -0.597 | 0.011 | -0.407 | |
| 根平均直径 Average root diameter | 0.807 | -0.114 | 0.058 | 0.008 | |
| 根体积 Root volume | 0.756 | -0.416 | 0.341 | 0.234 | |
| 根尖数 Root tip numbers | 0.877 | -0.171 | -0.053 | 0.193 | |
| 特征值 Eigenvalue | 11.964 | 2.185 | 1.420 | 1.045 | |
| 贡献率 Contributive rate (%) | 59.819 | 10.927 | 7.101 | 5.226 | |
| 累积贡献率 Cumulative contributive rate (%) | 59.819 | 70.746 | 77.847 | 83.073 | |
表1 各因子载荷矩阵和累积贡献率
Table 1 Matrix of factor loading and cumulative contribution rate
指标 Index | 主成分 Principal component | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | ||
| 株高 Plant height | 0.844 | 0.102 | 0.067 | 0.061 | |
| 叶面积 Leaf area | 0.861 | 0.081 | 0.315 | 0.098 | |
| 叶长 Leaf length | 0.792 | -0.066 | -0.350 | -0.079 | |
| 叶宽 Leaf width | 0.670 | 0.166 | 0.609 | 0.181 | |
| 地上干重 Aboveground dry weight | 0.774 | -0.148 | -0.038 | 0.537 | |
| 地下干重 Belowground dry weight | 0.775 | 0.565 | -0.041 | 0.077 | |
| 根冠比 Root-shoot ratio | 0.449 | 0.812 | 0.042 | -0.246 | |
| 总黄酮 Total flavonoid | -0.719 | 0.246 | 0.247 | -0.242 | |
| 苯丙氨酸解氨酶 Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) | -0.516 | -0.035 | -0.665 | 0.303 | |
| 肉桂酸-4-羟基化酶 Cinnamic acid-4-hydroxylase (C4H) | -0.814 | -0.284 | 0.036 | 0.189 | |
| 4-香豆酸辅酶A连接酶 4-coumarate CoA ligase (4CL) | -0.761 | 0.169 | 0.133 | 0.282 | |
| 地上部K+含量 Aboveground K+ content | 0.775 | 0.311 | -0.256 | 0.172 | |
| 地下部K+含量Belowground K+ content | 0.916 | 0.097 | -0.157 | -0.127 | |
| 地上部Na+含量Aboveground Na+ content | -0.874 | -0.203 | 0.227 | 0.032 | |
| 地下部Na+含量Belowground Na+ content | -0.905 | 0.046 | 0.177 | 0.138 | |
| 根总长 Total root length | 0.775 | -0.495 | -0.019 | -0.222 | |
| 根总表面积 Total root surface area | 0.625 | -0.597 | 0.011 | -0.407 | |
| 根平均直径 Average root diameter | 0.807 | -0.114 | 0.058 | 0.008 | |
| 根体积 Root volume | 0.756 | -0.416 | 0.341 | 0.234 | |
| 根尖数 Root tip numbers | 0.877 | -0.171 | -0.053 | 0.193 | |
| 特征值 Eigenvalue | 11.964 | 2.185 | 1.420 | 1.045 | |
| 贡献率 Contributive rate (%) | 59.819 | 10.927 | 7.101 | 5.226 | |
| 累积贡献率 Cumulative contributive rate (%) | 59.819 | 70.746 | 77.847 | 83.073 | |
指标 Index | P1 | P2 | P3 | P4 | P5 | ZM | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fij | Wij | Fij | Wij | Fij | Wij | Fij | Wij | Fij | Wij | Fij | Wij | |
| L1 | 0.447 | 0.052 | 0.330 | 0.054 | 0.470 | 0.050 | 0.359 | 0.053 | 0.473 | 0.054 | 0.418 | 0.054 |
| L2 | 0.133 | 0.056 | 0.202 | 0.056 | 0.411 | 0.053 | 0.545 | 0.056 | 0.480 | 0.055 | 0.371 | 0.053 |
| L3 | 0.160 | 0.075 | 0.475 | 0.056 | 0.610 | 0.062 | 0.507 | 0.066 | 0.267 | 0.070 | 0.677 | 0.057 |
| L4 | 0.138 | 0.087 | 0.383 | 0.066 | 0.345 | 0.088 | 0.311 | 0.075 | 0.450 | 0.103 | 0.205 | 0.084 |
| L5 | 0.296 | 0.055 | 0.387 | 0.060 | 0.275 | 0.068 | 0.298 | 0.058 | 0.622 | 0.076 | 0.099 | 0.076 |
| L6 | 0.509 | 0.048 | 0.399 | 0.051 | 0.412 | 0.048 | 0.383 | 0.048 | 0.735 | 0.049 | 0.244 | 0.051 |
| L7 | 0.609 | 0.042 | 0.592 | 0.049 | 0.699 | 0.048 | 0.316 | 0.047 | 0.172 | 0.050 | 0.318 | 0.049 |
| L8 | 0.429 | 0.036 | 0.741 | 0.041 | 0.464 | 0.041 | 0.665 | 0.036 | 0.434 | 0.043 | 0.644 | 0.048 |
| L9 | 0.400 | 0.045 | 0.673 | 0.033 | 0.815 | 0.026 | 0.349 | 0.034 | 0.852 | 0.024 | 0.542 | 0.047 |
| L10 | 0.232 | 0.056 | 0.311 | 0.055 | 0.572 | 0.055 | 0.073 | 0.076 | 0.314 | 0.061 | 0.049 | 0.065 |
| L11 | 0.633 | 0.006 | 0.519 | 0.004 | 0.513 | 0.006 | 0.809 | 0.008 | 0.551 | 0.001 | 0.617 | 0.004 |
| L12 | 0.271 | 0.117 | 0.285 | 0.131 | 0.143 | 0.173 | 0.315 | 0.111 | 0.220 | 0.111 | 0.165 | 0.095 |
| L13 | 0.545 | 0.004 | 0.739 | 0.008 | 0.640 | 0.010 | 0.804 | 0.003 | 0.729 | 0.004 | 0.543 | 0.004 |
| L14 | 0.398 | 0.051 | 0.037 | 0.073 | 0.207 | 0.055 | 0.348 | 0.070 | 0.150 | 0.059 | 0.395 | 0.065 |
| L15 | 0.423 | 0.049 | 0.148 | 0.058 | 0.104 | 0.053 | 0.333 | 0.064 | 0.226 | 0.053 | 0.372 | 0.059 |
| L16 | 0.119 | 0.073 | 0.247 | 0.062 | 0.249 | 0.057 | 0.323 | 0.059 | 0.246 | 0.056 | 0.145 | 0.068 |
| L17 | 0.295 | 0.086 | 0.203 | 0.070 | 0.537 | 0.052 | 0.601 | 0.064 | 0.288 | 0.063 | 0.600 | 0.062 |
| L18 | 0.429 | 0.061 | 0.172 | 0.073 | 0.642 | 0.054 | 0.271 | 0.072 | 0.189 | 0.067 | 0.530 | 0.059 |
| D值D value | 0.307 | 0.322 | 0.385 | 0.365 | 0.361 | 0.340 | ||||||
| 排序Order | 6 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | ||||||
表2 供试苜蓿隶属值、权重、D值及排序
Table 2 Membership value, weight, D value and ranking of tested alfalfa
指标 Index | P1 | P2 | P3 | P4 | P5 | ZM | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fij | Wij | Fij | Wij | Fij | Wij | Fij | Wij | Fij | Wij | Fij | Wij | |
| L1 | 0.447 | 0.052 | 0.330 | 0.054 | 0.470 | 0.050 | 0.359 | 0.053 | 0.473 | 0.054 | 0.418 | 0.054 |
| L2 | 0.133 | 0.056 | 0.202 | 0.056 | 0.411 | 0.053 | 0.545 | 0.056 | 0.480 | 0.055 | 0.371 | 0.053 |
| L3 | 0.160 | 0.075 | 0.475 | 0.056 | 0.610 | 0.062 | 0.507 | 0.066 | 0.267 | 0.070 | 0.677 | 0.057 |
| L4 | 0.138 | 0.087 | 0.383 | 0.066 | 0.345 | 0.088 | 0.311 | 0.075 | 0.450 | 0.103 | 0.205 | 0.084 |
| L5 | 0.296 | 0.055 | 0.387 | 0.060 | 0.275 | 0.068 | 0.298 | 0.058 | 0.622 | 0.076 | 0.099 | 0.076 |
| L6 | 0.509 | 0.048 | 0.399 | 0.051 | 0.412 | 0.048 | 0.383 | 0.048 | 0.735 | 0.049 | 0.244 | 0.051 |
| L7 | 0.609 | 0.042 | 0.592 | 0.049 | 0.699 | 0.048 | 0.316 | 0.047 | 0.172 | 0.050 | 0.318 | 0.049 |
| L8 | 0.429 | 0.036 | 0.741 | 0.041 | 0.464 | 0.041 | 0.665 | 0.036 | 0.434 | 0.043 | 0.644 | 0.048 |
| L9 | 0.400 | 0.045 | 0.673 | 0.033 | 0.815 | 0.026 | 0.349 | 0.034 | 0.852 | 0.024 | 0.542 | 0.047 |
| L10 | 0.232 | 0.056 | 0.311 | 0.055 | 0.572 | 0.055 | 0.073 | 0.076 | 0.314 | 0.061 | 0.049 | 0.065 |
| L11 | 0.633 | 0.006 | 0.519 | 0.004 | 0.513 | 0.006 | 0.809 | 0.008 | 0.551 | 0.001 | 0.617 | 0.004 |
| L12 | 0.271 | 0.117 | 0.285 | 0.131 | 0.143 | 0.173 | 0.315 | 0.111 | 0.220 | 0.111 | 0.165 | 0.095 |
| L13 | 0.545 | 0.004 | 0.739 | 0.008 | 0.640 | 0.010 | 0.804 | 0.003 | 0.729 | 0.004 | 0.543 | 0.004 |
| L14 | 0.398 | 0.051 | 0.037 | 0.073 | 0.207 | 0.055 | 0.348 | 0.070 | 0.150 | 0.059 | 0.395 | 0.065 |
| L15 | 0.423 | 0.049 | 0.148 | 0.058 | 0.104 | 0.053 | 0.333 | 0.064 | 0.226 | 0.053 | 0.372 | 0.059 |
| L16 | 0.119 | 0.073 | 0.247 | 0.062 | 0.249 | 0.057 | 0.323 | 0.059 | 0.246 | 0.056 | 0.145 | 0.068 |
| L17 | 0.295 | 0.086 | 0.203 | 0.070 | 0.537 | 0.052 | 0.601 | 0.064 | 0.288 | 0.063 | 0.600 | 0.062 |
| L18 | 0.429 | 0.061 | 0.172 | 0.073 | 0.642 | 0.054 | 0.271 | 0.072 | 0.189 | 0.067 | 0.530 | 0.059 |
| D值D value | 0.307 | 0.322 | 0.385 | 0.365 | 0.361 | 0.340 | ||||||
| 排序Order | 6 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | ||||||
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