Acta Prataculturae Sinica ›› 2022, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (5): 144-155.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2021372
Xiao-lei ZHOU1(), Yue-e YAN2, Jing ZHANG3, Xu-jiao ZHOU4, Yong-qin YAN5, Fu-qiang YANG1, Xue-ping CAO1, An ZHAO1, Yan-li ZHAO1, Jing-yi SU1
Received:
2021-10-09
Revised:
2021-10-29
Online:
2022-05-20
Published:
2022-03-30
Contact:
Xiao-lei ZHOU
Xiao-lei ZHOU, Yue-e YAN, Jing ZHANG, Xu-jiao ZHOU, Yong-qin YAN, Fu-qiang YANG, Xue-ping CAO, An ZHAO, Yan-li ZHAO, Jing-yi SU. Vegetation community structure and diversity in a burned area of Picea asperata-Abies fabri forest on different aspects on the northeastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2022, 31(5): 144-155.
样地编号Sample number | 海拔Altitude (m) | 坡度Declivity | 坡向Slope | 纬度Latitude | 经度Longitude |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
NW1 | 2975 | 22° | 西北 294° Northwest 294° | 34°10′40.66″ | 103°12′54.46″ |
NW2 | 3045 | 38° | 西北 308° Northwest 308° | 34°10′43.38″ | 103°12′54.47″ |
NW3 | 3187 | 52° | 西北 332° Northwest 332° | 34°10′45.33″ | 103°12′54.46″ |
NW4 | 3285 | 43° | 西北 326° Northwest 326° | 34°10′46.26″ | 103°12′57.46″ |
NW5 | 3390 | 28° | 西北 314° Northwest 314° | 34°10′47.30″ | 103°12′54.47″ |
N1 | 2981 | 27° | 北351° North 351° | 34°10′40.66″ | 102°37′51.35″ |
N2 | 3075 | 41° | 北339° North 339° | 34°10′43.38″ | 103°37′52.38″ |
N3 | 3147 | 47° | 北 12° North 12° | 34°10′45.33″ | 103°37′51.36″ |
N4 | 3286 | 32° | 北 8° North 8° | 34°10′46.26″ | 103°37′51.28″ |
NE1 | 3045 | 30° | 东北62° Northeast 62° | 34°10′47.30″ | 103°37′52.62″ |
NE2 | 3125 | 24° | 东北 48° Northeast 48° | 34°10′40.66″ | 102°12′56.38″ |
NE3 | 3381 | 35° | 东北 65° Northeast 65° | 34°10′43.38″ | 102°12′57.43″ |
E1 | 2895 | 60° | 东 81° East 81° | 34°10′45.33″ | 102°12′57.36″ |
E2 | 3145 | 43° | 东 68° East 68° | 34°10′46.26″ | 102°12′57.44″ |
E3 | 3298 | 28° | 东 107° East 107° | 34°10′47.30″ | 102°12′57.37″ |
Table 1 Natural conditions of the sites
样地编号Sample number | 海拔Altitude (m) | 坡度Declivity | 坡向Slope | 纬度Latitude | 经度Longitude |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
NW1 | 2975 | 22° | 西北 294° Northwest 294° | 34°10′40.66″ | 103°12′54.46″ |
NW2 | 3045 | 38° | 西北 308° Northwest 308° | 34°10′43.38″ | 103°12′54.47″ |
NW3 | 3187 | 52° | 西北 332° Northwest 332° | 34°10′45.33″ | 103°12′54.46″ |
NW4 | 3285 | 43° | 西北 326° Northwest 326° | 34°10′46.26″ | 103°12′57.46″ |
NW5 | 3390 | 28° | 西北 314° Northwest 314° | 34°10′47.30″ | 103°12′54.47″ |
N1 | 2981 | 27° | 北351° North 351° | 34°10′40.66″ | 102°37′51.35″ |
N2 | 3075 | 41° | 北339° North 339° | 34°10′43.38″ | 103°37′52.38″ |
N3 | 3147 | 47° | 北 12° North 12° | 34°10′45.33″ | 103°37′51.36″ |
N4 | 3286 | 32° | 北 8° North 8° | 34°10′46.26″ | 103°37′51.28″ |
NE1 | 3045 | 30° | 东北62° Northeast 62° | 34°10′47.30″ | 103°37′52.62″ |
NE2 | 3125 | 24° | 东北 48° Northeast 48° | 34°10′40.66″ | 102°12′56.38″ |
NE3 | 3381 | 35° | 东北 65° Northeast 65° | 34°10′43.38″ | 102°12′57.43″ |
E1 | 2895 | 60° | 东 81° East 81° | 34°10′45.33″ | 102°12′57.36″ |
E2 | 3145 | 43° | 东 68° East 68° | 34°10′46.26″ | 102°12′57.44″ |
E3 | 3298 | 28° | 东 107° East 107° | 34°10′47.30″ | 102°12′57.37″ |
科 Family | 属 Genus | 物种 Species | 生活型 Life form | 重要值Important value (%) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
北坡N | 西北坡NW | 东北坡NE | 东坡E | ||||
菊科Compositae | 蒿属Artemisia | 艾Artemisia argyi | P | 2.94±1.05 | 3.73±0.34 | 3.47±3.47 | 4.39±0.06 |
青蒿Artemisia carvifolia | A | - | 2.38±0.02 | 1.97±0.14 | - | ||
风毛菊属Saussurea | 大耳叶风毛菊Saussurea macrota | P | 2.31±2.16 | - | 2.64±0.75 | - | |
毛连菜属Picris | 毛连菜Picris hieracioides | P | 0.37±0.24 | 1.14±0.07 | 0.39±0.13 | - | |
紫菀属Aster | 三脉紫菀Aster ageratoides | P | - | 0.41±0.38 | 0.87±0.87 | 1.23±1.00 | |
香青属Anaphalis | 香青Anaphalis sinica | P | - | 0.70±0.22 | 0.91±0.74 | 0.84±0.17 | |
天名精属Carpesium | 烟管头草Carpesium cernuum | P | 0.67±0.65 | - | - | - | |
蟹甲草属Parasenecio | 蟹甲草Parasenecio forrestii | P | 0.69±0.29 | 0.29±0.14 | - | - | |
蛛毛蟹甲草Parasenecio roborowskii | P | - | - | 2.92±2.92 | 3.10±0.32 | ||
橐吾属Ligularia | 掌叶橐吾Ligularia przewalskii | P | 1.21±0.73 | - | - | - | |
总状橐吾L. botryodes | P | 8.00±7.26 | 7.60±0.29 | 7.24±4.09 | 7.38±3.55 | ||
伞形科Apiaceae | 变豆菜属Sanicula | 变豆菜Sanicula chinensis | P | 0.51±0.41 | - | - | - |
窃衣属Torilis | 小窃衣Torilis japonica | A | 0.32±0.25 | 0.28±0.28 | 0.17±0.14 | 0.10±0.10 | |
独活属Heracleum | 短毛独活Heracleum moellendorffii | P | 5.89±2.02 | 2.44±0.59 | - | - | |
羌活属Notopterygium | 宽叶羌活Notopterygium franchetii | P | - | - | 0.85±0.43 | - | |
大戟科Euphorbiaceae | 大戟属Euphorbia | 大戟Euphorbia pekinensis | P | 1.11±0.55 | 2.43±0.07 | - | 2.52±1.49 |
唇形科Labiatae | 鼠尾草属Salvia | 丹参Salvia miltiorrhiza | P | 0.94±0.18 | 0.45±0.23 | 0.38±0.38 | 0.19±0.16 |
灯心草科Juncaceae | 灯心草属Juncus | 灯心草Juncus effusus | P | - | 0.17±0.04 | - | - |
冷蕨科 Cystopteridaceae | 冷蕨属Cystopteris | 高山冷蕨C. montana | A | 13.96±6.67 | 10.93±8.44 | 7.45±6.60 | 6.13±6.13 |
毛茛科Ranunculaceae | 毛茛属Ranunculus | 高原毛茛Ranunculus tanguticus | P | - | 1.88±0.97 | - | 2.69±0.57 |
唐松草属Thalictrum | 美花唐松草Thalictrum callianthum | P | 1.02±0.50 | - | - | - | |
铁线莲属Clematis | 铁线莲Clematis florida | V | 2.30±1.47 | 2.18±0.47 | 1.54±1.54 | 0.86±0.52 | |
银莲花属Anemone | 小银莲花Anemone exigua | P | 0.52±0.30 | 0.63±0.41 | 0.77±0.30 | 0.82±0.30 | |
唐松草属Thalictrum | 亚欧唐松草Thalictrum minus | P | 1.67±0.73 | - | - | - | |
升麻属Cimicifuga | 单穗升麻Cimicifuga simplex | P | - | 0.64±0.35 | 0.59±0.04 | 0.52±0.44 | |
禾本科Gramineae | 箭竹属Fargesia | 箭竹F. spathacea | P | - | - | 8.32±6.03 | 5.84±1.30 |
忍冬科Caprifoliaceae | 接骨木属Sambucus | 接骨草Sambucus chinensis | P | 0.79±0.79 | 0.65±0.14 | 0.51±0.27 | - |
血满草Sambucus adnata | P | 2.01±1.99 | 3.25±0.71 | - | 3.22±0.20 | ||
牻牛儿苗科Geraniaceae | 老鹳草属Geranium | 老鹳草Geranium wilfordii | P | 0.79±1.03 | 0.74±0.06 | 0.56±0.56 | - |
蔷薇科Rosaceae | 路边青属Geum | 路边青Geum aleppicum | P | - | - | 3.29±0.23 | 3.06±1.25 |
草莓属Fragaria | 野草莓F. vesca | P | 5.67±2.98 | 8.04±3.62 | 14.87±1.73 | 16.83±11.25 | |
莎草科Cyperaceae | 薹草属Carex | 密生薹草C. crebra | P | 13.34±10.72 | 26.21±5.51 | 30.57±7.07 | 33.27±2.73 |
蓼科Polygonaceae | 蓼属Polygonum | 尼泊尔蓼Polygonum nepalense | A | 0.08±0.06 | 0.96±0.24 | 0.67±0.67 | 2.55±0.74 |
腺点柔毛蓼Polygonum sparsipilosum | P | 0.59±0.59 | - | - | - | ||
珠芽蓼Polygonum viviparum | P | - | - | 0.69±0.08 | - | ||
车前科Plantaginaceae | 车前属Plantago | 平车前Plantago depressa | A | 1.41±0.25 | 0.85±0.24 | 0.80±0.75 | 1.90±0.80 |
茜草科Rubiaceae | 茜草属Rubia | 茜草Rubia cordifolia | V | 0.40±0.13 | - | - | 0.43±0.43 |
拉拉藤属Galium | 猪殃殃Galium spurium | A | 2.36±1.77 | 1.51±0.26 | 1.38±1.27 | 1.11±0.12 | |
龙胆科Gentianaceae | 龙胆属Gentiana | 秦艽Gentiana macrophylla | P | - | 0.25±0.02 | - | 0.26±0.06 |
花锚属Halenia | 椭圆叶花锚Halenia elliptica | A | 1.21±1.07 | - | 1.70±1.31 | - | |
玄参科Scrophulariaceae | 婆婆纳属Veronica | 唐古拉婆婆纳Veronica vandellioides | A | 1.24±1.24 | 1.15±0.47 | 1.95±1.46 | 1.35±1.12 |
景天科Crassulaceae | 八宝属Hylotelephium | 狭穗八宝Hylotelephium angustum | P | 1.96±0.22 | - | - | - |
柳叶菜科 Onagraceae | 柳叶菜属Epilobium | 长籽柳叶菜Epilobium pyrricholophum | P | - | - | - | 2.59±1.59 |
花荵科Polemoniaceae | 花荵属Polemonium | 中华花荵Polemonium chinense | P | - | - | 0.33±0.14 | 0.86±0.53 |
五加科Araliaceae | 人参属Panax | 珠子参Panax japonicus var. major | P | - | - | 0.51±0.21 | 0.78±0.39 |
酢浆草科 Oxalidaceae | 酢浆草属Oxalis | 酢浆草Oxalis corniculata | P | 0.32±0.25 | 0.26±0.17 | - | - |
植物种数Number of plant species | 46 | 31 | 27 | 30 | 27 |
Table 2 Species compositions and important values of different plots
科 Family | 属 Genus | 物种 Species | 生活型 Life form | 重要值Important value (%) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
北坡N | 西北坡NW | 东北坡NE | 东坡E | ||||
菊科Compositae | 蒿属Artemisia | 艾Artemisia argyi | P | 2.94±1.05 | 3.73±0.34 | 3.47±3.47 | 4.39±0.06 |
青蒿Artemisia carvifolia | A | - | 2.38±0.02 | 1.97±0.14 | - | ||
风毛菊属Saussurea | 大耳叶风毛菊Saussurea macrota | P | 2.31±2.16 | - | 2.64±0.75 | - | |
毛连菜属Picris | 毛连菜Picris hieracioides | P | 0.37±0.24 | 1.14±0.07 | 0.39±0.13 | - | |
紫菀属Aster | 三脉紫菀Aster ageratoides | P | - | 0.41±0.38 | 0.87±0.87 | 1.23±1.00 | |
香青属Anaphalis | 香青Anaphalis sinica | P | - | 0.70±0.22 | 0.91±0.74 | 0.84±0.17 | |
天名精属Carpesium | 烟管头草Carpesium cernuum | P | 0.67±0.65 | - | - | - | |
蟹甲草属Parasenecio | 蟹甲草Parasenecio forrestii | P | 0.69±0.29 | 0.29±0.14 | - | - | |
蛛毛蟹甲草Parasenecio roborowskii | P | - | - | 2.92±2.92 | 3.10±0.32 | ||
橐吾属Ligularia | 掌叶橐吾Ligularia przewalskii | P | 1.21±0.73 | - | - | - | |
总状橐吾L. botryodes | P | 8.00±7.26 | 7.60±0.29 | 7.24±4.09 | 7.38±3.55 | ||
伞形科Apiaceae | 变豆菜属Sanicula | 变豆菜Sanicula chinensis | P | 0.51±0.41 | - | - | - |
窃衣属Torilis | 小窃衣Torilis japonica | A | 0.32±0.25 | 0.28±0.28 | 0.17±0.14 | 0.10±0.10 | |
独活属Heracleum | 短毛独活Heracleum moellendorffii | P | 5.89±2.02 | 2.44±0.59 | - | - | |
羌活属Notopterygium | 宽叶羌活Notopterygium franchetii | P | - | - | 0.85±0.43 | - | |
大戟科Euphorbiaceae | 大戟属Euphorbia | 大戟Euphorbia pekinensis | P | 1.11±0.55 | 2.43±0.07 | - | 2.52±1.49 |
唇形科Labiatae | 鼠尾草属Salvia | 丹参Salvia miltiorrhiza | P | 0.94±0.18 | 0.45±0.23 | 0.38±0.38 | 0.19±0.16 |
灯心草科Juncaceae | 灯心草属Juncus | 灯心草Juncus effusus | P | - | 0.17±0.04 | - | - |
冷蕨科 Cystopteridaceae | 冷蕨属Cystopteris | 高山冷蕨C. montana | A | 13.96±6.67 | 10.93±8.44 | 7.45±6.60 | 6.13±6.13 |
毛茛科Ranunculaceae | 毛茛属Ranunculus | 高原毛茛Ranunculus tanguticus | P | - | 1.88±0.97 | - | 2.69±0.57 |
唐松草属Thalictrum | 美花唐松草Thalictrum callianthum | P | 1.02±0.50 | - | - | - | |
铁线莲属Clematis | 铁线莲Clematis florida | V | 2.30±1.47 | 2.18±0.47 | 1.54±1.54 | 0.86±0.52 | |
银莲花属Anemone | 小银莲花Anemone exigua | P | 0.52±0.30 | 0.63±0.41 | 0.77±0.30 | 0.82±0.30 | |
唐松草属Thalictrum | 亚欧唐松草Thalictrum minus | P | 1.67±0.73 | - | - | - | |
升麻属Cimicifuga | 单穗升麻Cimicifuga simplex | P | - | 0.64±0.35 | 0.59±0.04 | 0.52±0.44 | |
禾本科Gramineae | 箭竹属Fargesia | 箭竹F. spathacea | P | - | - | 8.32±6.03 | 5.84±1.30 |
忍冬科Caprifoliaceae | 接骨木属Sambucus | 接骨草Sambucus chinensis | P | 0.79±0.79 | 0.65±0.14 | 0.51±0.27 | - |
血满草Sambucus adnata | P | 2.01±1.99 | 3.25±0.71 | - | 3.22±0.20 | ||
牻牛儿苗科Geraniaceae | 老鹳草属Geranium | 老鹳草Geranium wilfordii | P | 0.79±1.03 | 0.74±0.06 | 0.56±0.56 | - |
蔷薇科Rosaceae | 路边青属Geum | 路边青Geum aleppicum | P | - | - | 3.29±0.23 | 3.06±1.25 |
草莓属Fragaria | 野草莓F. vesca | P | 5.67±2.98 | 8.04±3.62 | 14.87±1.73 | 16.83±11.25 | |
莎草科Cyperaceae | 薹草属Carex | 密生薹草C. crebra | P | 13.34±10.72 | 26.21±5.51 | 30.57±7.07 | 33.27±2.73 |
蓼科Polygonaceae | 蓼属Polygonum | 尼泊尔蓼Polygonum nepalense | A | 0.08±0.06 | 0.96±0.24 | 0.67±0.67 | 2.55±0.74 |
腺点柔毛蓼Polygonum sparsipilosum | P | 0.59±0.59 | - | - | - | ||
珠芽蓼Polygonum viviparum | P | - | - | 0.69±0.08 | - | ||
车前科Plantaginaceae | 车前属Plantago | 平车前Plantago depressa | A | 1.41±0.25 | 0.85±0.24 | 0.80±0.75 | 1.90±0.80 |
茜草科Rubiaceae | 茜草属Rubia | 茜草Rubia cordifolia | V | 0.40±0.13 | - | - | 0.43±0.43 |
拉拉藤属Galium | 猪殃殃Galium spurium | A | 2.36±1.77 | 1.51±0.26 | 1.38±1.27 | 1.11±0.12 | |
龙胆科Gentianaceae | 龙胆属Gentiana | 秦艽Gentiana macrophylla | P | - | 0.25±0.02 | - | 0.26±0.06 |
花锚属Halenia | 椭圆叶花锚Halenia elliptica | A | 1.21±1.07 | - | 1.70±1.31 | - | |
玄参科Scrophulariaceae | 婆婆纳属Veronica | 唐古拉婆婆纳Veronica vandellioides | A | 1.24±1.24 | 1.15±0.47 | 1.95±1.46 | 1.35±1.12 |
景天科Crassulaceae | 八宝属Hylotelephium | 狭穗八宝Hylotelephium angustum | P | 1.96±0.22 | - | - | - |
柳叶菜科 Onagraceae | 柳叶菜属Epilobium | 长籽柳叶菜Epilobium pyrricholophum | P | - | - | - | 2.59±1.59 |
花荵科Polemoniaceae | 花荵属Polemonium | 中华花荵Polemonium chinense | P | - | - | 0.33±0.14 | 0.86±0.53 |
五加科Araliaceae | 人参属Panax | 珠子参Panax japonicus var. major | P | - | - | 0.51±0.21 | 0.78±0.39 |
酢浆草科 Oxalidaceae | 酢浆草属Oxalis | 酢浆草Oxalis corniculata | P | 0.32±0.25 | 0.26±0.17 | - | - |
植物种数Number of plant species | 46 | 31 | 27 | 30 | 27 |
群落优势种 Community dominant species | 盖度 Coverage (%) | 平均高度 Mean height (cm) |
---|---|---|
高山冷蕨C. montana | 100 | 15.67 |
密生薹草C. crebra | 29.36 | |
总状橐吾L. botryodes | 7.33 | |
密生薹草C. crebra | 92 | 24.67 |
高山冷蕨C. montana | 14.82 | |
野草莓F. vesca | 7.41 | |
密生薹草C. crebra | 90 | 18.15 |
野草莓F. vesca | 7.38 | |
箭竹F. spathacea | 75.38 | |
密生薹草C. crebra | 87 | 22.52 |
野草莓F. vesca | 7.45 | |
总状橐吾L. botryodes | 8.26 |
Table 3 Coenotype and dominant species
群落优势种 Community dominant species | 盖度 Coverage (%) | 平均高度 Mean height (cm) |
---|---|---|
高山冷蕨C. montana | 100 | 15.67 |
密生薹草C. crebra | 29.36 | |
总状橐吾L. botryodes | 7.33 | |
密生薹草C. crebra | 92 | 24.67 |
高山冷蕨C. montana | 14.82 | |
野草莓F. vesca | 7.41 | |
密生薹草C. crebra | 90 | 18.15 |
野草莓F. vesca | 7.38 | |
箭竹F. spathacea | 75.38 | |
密生薹草C. crebra | 87 | 22.52 |
野草莓F. vesca | 7.45 | |
总状橐吾L. botryodes | 8.26 |
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