Effects of short-term yak grazing on soil fungal communities in an alpine meadow on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

doi:10.11686/cyxb2021476

Abstract

Abstract:

Yak grazing is one of the major human disturbances， and decisions about grazing management and intensity play important roles in maintaining grassland health on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. In order to clarify the effect of short-term yak grazing on soil fungal communities in alpine meadows， an experiment involving a range of grazing intensities was conducted in a typical alpine meadow of northwestern Sichuan. The experiment included a control group （no grazing）， light grazing （1 yak·ha^-1）， moderate grazing （2 yak·ha^-1）， and heavy grazing （3 yak·ha^-1）. After two years， it was found that the grazing treatments had changed the community structure of the soil fungi by increasing the relative abundance of Ascomycota and decreasing the relative abundance of Basidiomycota in the topsoil. Grazing treatments tended to enhance the diversity and richness of soil fungal communities， although differences among grazing intensities were not statistically significant. Variance partitioning analysis indicated that grazing intensity affected the community structure of soil fungi via alteration of soil nutrient status. Furthermore， the co-occurrence network showed that short-term yak grazing had no significant effect on the relative abundance of the main fungal groups， while grazing intensity affected the relative abundance of fungal groups through change in soil nutrient status.

Key words: alpine meadow, grazing intensity, soil fungal community, yak grazing

Yong-hong WANG, Li-ming TIAN, Yi AI, Shi-yong CHEN, Tserang-donko MIPAM. Effects of short-term yak grazing on soil fungal communities in an alpine meadow on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2022, 31(10): 41-52.

Figures/Tables 8

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环境指标 Environmental indicators	对照组 Control	轻度放牧 Light grazing	中度放牧 Moderate grazing	重度放牧 Heavy grazing
丰富度 Richness	25.50±0.50a	25.92±2.77a	29.33±2.50a	26.67±2.13a
多样性Shannon-Wiener	2.34±0.11b	2.39±0.17ab	2.53±0.21a	2.63±0.06a
均匀度 Pielou	0.69±0.03b	0.74±0.04ab	0.75±0.05ab	0.80±0.01a
地上净初级生产力ANPP （g·cm^-2）	299.52±17.83b	426.51±88.17a	448.47±43.29a	336.34±62.99ab
含水率Soil moisture （%）	21.26±3.03a	24.70±2.29a	24.96±1.36a	24.45±3.65a
土壤容重Bulk density （g·cm^-3）	1.32±0.02a	1.19±0.02b	1.25±0.02ab	1.18±0.08b
全氮 TN （g·kg^-1）	2.97±0.24a	3.21±0.22a	3.18±0.26a	3.62±0.53a
全磷 TP （g·kg^-1）	0.77±0.03a	0.89±0.07a	0.82±0.06a	0.81±0.13a
全钾 TK （g·kg^-1）	16.97±1.04a	17.00±1.09a	16.42±0.83a	15.75±0.36a
碱解氮 AN （mg·kg^-1）	225.44±34.75a	272.34±30.98a	268.34±21.74a	273.44±34.00a
速效磷 AP （mg·kg^-1）	3.96±0.53b	4.50±0.38ab	5.08±1.00ab	5.53±0.35a
速效钾 AK （mg·kg^-1）	134.68±67.78a	161.61±55.06a	192.38±15.37a	165.06±38.52a
pH	5.92±0.09a	5.83±0.06ab	5.68±0.05c	5.74±0.05bc
有机质 SOM （g·kg^-1）	66.88±6.10a	74.28±0.91a	64.86±8.22a	68.81±9.46a

环境指标 Environmental indicators	对照组 Control	轻度放牧 Light grazing	中度放牧 Moderate grazing	重度放牧 Heavy grazing
丰富度 Richness	25.50±0.50a	25.92±2.77a	29.33±2.50a	26.67±2.13a
多样性Shannon-Wiener	2.34±0.11b	2.39±0.17ab	2.53±0.21a	2.63±0.06a
均匀度 Pielou	0.69±0.03b	0.74±0.04ab	0.75±0.05ab	0.80±0.01a
地上净初级生产力ANPP （g·cm^-2）	299.52±17.83b	426.51±88.17a	448.47±43.29a	336.34±62.99ab
含水率Soil moisture （%）	21.26±3.03a	24.70±2.29a	24.96±1.36a	24.45±3.65a
土壤容重Bulk density （g·cm^-3）	1.32±0.02a	1.19±0.02b	1.25±0.02ab	1.18±0.08b
全氮 TN （g·kg^-1）	2.97±0.24a	3.21±0.22a	3.18±0.26a	3.62±0.53a
全磷 TP （g·kg^-1）	0.77±0.03a	0.89±0.07a	0.82±0.06a	0.81±0.13a
全钾 TK （g·kg^-1）	16.97±1.04a	17.00±1.09a	16.42±0.83a	15.75±0.36a
碱解氮 AN （mg·kg^-1）	225.44±34.75a	272.34±30.98a	268.34±21.74a	273.44±34.00a
速效磷 AP （mg·kg^-1）	3.96±0.53b	4.50±0.38ab	5.08±1.00ab	5.53±0.35a
速效钾 AK （mg·kg^-1）	134.68±67.78a	161.61±55.06a	192.38±15.37a	165.06±38.52a
pH	5.92±0.09a	5.83±0.06ab	5.68±0.05c	5.74±0.05bc
有机质 SOM （g·kg^-1）	66.88±6.10a	74.28±0.91a	64.86±8.22a	68.81±9.46a

处理 Treatment	Chao 1丰富度 Chao 1 richness			Shannon多样性 Shannon-Wiener diversity
处理 Treatment	平均值 Mean	F	P	平均值 Mean	F	P
对照组 Control	424.72±34.02	0.769	0.543	5.5833±0.5349	0.352	0.789
轻度放牧 Light grazing	526.89±72.22			6.0477±0.6021
中度放牧 Moderate grazing	504.79±47.69			5.6767±0.8937
重度放牧 Heavy grazing	502.67±42.08			6.3700±0.1795

处理 Treatment	Chao 1丰富度 Chao 1 richness			Shannon多样性 Shannon-Wiener diversity
处理 Treatment	平均值 Mean	F	P	平均值 Mean	F	P
对照组 Control	424.72±34.02	0.769	0.543	5.5833±0.5349	0.352	0.789
轻度放牧 Light grazing	526.89±72.22			6.0477±0.6021
中度放牧 Moderate grazing	504.79±47.69			5.6767±0.8937
重度放牧 Heavy grazing	502.67±42.08			6.3700±0.1795

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