Effects of a fermentation bed on the growth， digestion， and blood physiological and biochemical indices of suckling Hu lambs

doi:10.11686/cyxb2023303

Abstract

Abstract:

At present， there is a high incidence of diarrhea and death in suckling lambs in the sheep industry. During the suckling period， the lambs and ewes are usually kept in farm sheds with an exposed soil floor. In this study， the soil floor was reformed into a fermentation bed， to determine whether this affected the health of lambs during the early suckling period. The temperature of the fermentation bed， and the effect of the fermentation bed on diarrhea incidence， growth， digestion， blood physiological and biochemical parameters in lambs were investigated in different seasons （cold， warm， and hot season）. Three batches of Hu ewes （30 ewes·batch^-1） and their newborn twins were randomly assigned to two farm sheds with the same building structure. One farm shed had a fermentation bed （sawdust∶rice husk=7∶3） and the other （control） had a traditional soil floor， with each ewe and its own lambs kept in individual pens. At 7 days after parturition， all sheep were transferred to a semi-open farm shed with a soil floor and were continually fed until weaning at 60 days. The results were as follows： 1） The surface temperature of the fermentation bed was significantly higher （P<0.05） than that of the control soil floor in each season. In the cold season， compared with the temperature of the control soil floor， the temperature of the fermentation bed was 1.80 ℃ higher in the morning， 0.97 ℃ higher at noon， and 1.09 ℃ higher in the evening. 2） The diarrhea incidence in lambs during both the cold and warm seasons was lower in the treatment group （P<0.05） than in the control group （19.99% lower in the cold season and 28.09% lower in the warm season during the 60 days after birth）. Moreover， compared with lambs in the control group， those in the treatment group showed 15.04% higher average daily weight gain （ADG） during the cold season and 7.88% higher ADG during the warm season. However， there was no significant difference （P>0.05） in diarrhea incidence or ADG between the two groups in the hot season. 3） The apparent digestibility of dry matter， crude protein， crude fat， and calcium were increased （P<0.05） on weaning day when the fermentation bed was used within 7 days of birth in the cold season. 4） Analyses of blood physiological and chemical parameters showed that， in the cold season， serum glucose （GLU）， albumin， and globulin contents， and the percentage of lymphocytes in the whole blood of lambs were significantly higher （P<0.05） in the treatment group than in the control group. In the warm season， the GLU content was significantly higher （P<0.05） in the treatment group than in the control group. In the hot season， however， there were no significant differences （P>0.05） in blood indexes between the two groups. In summary， the use of the fermentation bed for the first week after birth effectively improved the growth and digestive performance of lambs in both the cold season and the warm season.

Key words: fermentation bed, lamb, growth performance, physiology and chemical characteristics of blood

Dong-yao SU, Yong-liang LI, Qing DONG, Xin-nian ZHAO, Xiao-yu LI, Xiao-dong JIN, Ya-nan WANG, Shu-jun TIAN, Yu-hong GAO, Xin-sheng SUN. Effects of a fermentation bed on the growth， digestion， and blood physiological and biochemical indices of suckling Hu lambs[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2024, 33(8): 86-97.

Figures/Tables 11

References 35

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原料 Material	含量 Content （%）	营养水平^2） Nutrient levels	含量 Content
玉米Corn	10.0	代谢能ME （MJ·kg^-1）	14.25
豆粕Soybean meal	8.9	干物质DM （%）	97.60
花生秧Peanut seedling	13.4	粗蛋白质CP （%）	17.34
压片玉米SFC	15.5	钙Ca （%）	0.68
膨化玉米Extrude corn	12.0	磷P （%）	0.30
膨化大豆Extrude soybean	17.7	中性洗涤纤维NDF （%）	15.53
乳清粉Whey	20.0	酸性洗涤纤维ADF （%）	8.95
盐NaCl	0.3
石粉Limestone	0.2
预混料Premix^1）	2.0
合计Total	100.0

原料 Material	含量 Content （%）	营养水平^2） Nutrient levels	含量 Content
玉米Corn	10.0	代谢能ME （MJ·kg^-1）	14.25
豆粕Soybean meal	8.9	干物质DM （%）	97.60
花生秧Peanut seedling	13.4	粗蛋白质CP （%）	17.34
压片玉米SFC	15.5	钙Ca （%）	0.68
膨化玉米Extrude corn	12.0	磷P （%）	0.30
膨化大豆Extrude soybean	17.7	中性洗涤纤维NDF （%）	15.53
乳清粉Whey	20.0	酸性洗涤纤维ADF （%）	8.95
盐NaCl	0.3
石粉Limestone	0.2
预混料Premix^1）	2.0
合计Total	100.0

时段 Period （d）	冷季Cold season		温季Warm season		热季Hot season
时段 Period （d）	对照Control	处理Treatment	对照Control	处理Treatment	对照Control	处理Treatment
1~7	15.32±0.53aA	10.56±2.02bA	10.74±1.30aA	7.07±0.57bA	7.35±0.40aA	5.00±0.29bA
8~15	10.25±0.90aB	8.22±1.03bB	8.30±1.06aB	5.68±0.91bAB	7.23±0.34aA	3.05±0.07bB
16~30	8.04±0.67aC	6.84±1.97bB	6.89±1.42aBC	4.72±0.14bBC	4.20±0.32aB	3.42±0.23aAB
31~45	6.07±2.31aD	4.72±0.59bC	5.61±3.76aCD	4.06±4.08bBC	3.73±0.25aB	3.33±0.24aAB
46~60	4.71±2.09aD	4.00±0.53aC	4.13±1.38aD	3.71±2.03aC	3.20±0.20aB	2.66±0.56aB
1~30	16.82±1.02a	12.65±1.37b	12.85±1.56a	8.73±0.83b	9.43±0.27a	5.85±0.54a
1~60	22.26±1.76a	17.81±1.57b	17.37±2.46a	12.49±2.46b	12.95±0.34a	8.75±0.95a
处理Treatment （T）	<0.01		<0.01		<0.01
时段Period （P）	<0.01		<0.01		<0.01
处理×时段T×P	0.02		0.11		0.02

时段 Period （d）	冷季Cold season		温季Warm season		热季Hot season
时段 Period （d）	对照Control	处理Treatment	对照Control	处理Treatment	对照Control	处理Treatment
1~7	15.32±0.53aA	10.56±2.02bA	10.74±1.30aA	7.07±0.57bA	7.35±0.40aA	5.00±0.29bA
8~15	10.25±0.90aB	8.22±1.03bB	8.30±1.06aB	5.68±0.91bAB	7.23±0.34aA	3.05±0.07bB
16~30	8.04±0.67aC	6.84±1.97bB	6.89±1.42aBC	4.72±0.14bBC	4.20±0.32aB	3.42±0.23aAB
31~45	6.07±2.31aD	4.72±0.59bC	5.61±3.76aCD	4.06±4.08bBC	3.73±0.25aB	3.33±0.24aAB
46~60	4.71±2.09aD	4.00±0.53aC	4.13±1.38aD	3.71±2.03aC	3.20±0.20aB	2.66±0.56aB
1~30	16.82±1.02a	12.65±1.37b	12.85±1.56a	8.73±0.83b	9.43±0.27a	5.85±0.54a
1~60	22.26±1.76a	17.81±1.57b	17.37±2.46a	12.49±2.46b	12.95±0.34a	8.75±0.95a
处理Treatment （T）	<0.01		<0.01		<0.01
时段Period （P）	<0.01		<0.01		<0.01
处理×时段T×P	0.02		0.11		0.02

时段 Periods （d）	冷季Cold season		温季Warm season		热季Hot season
时段 Periods （d）	对照Control	处理Treatment	对照Control	处理Treatment	对照Control	处理Treatment
1~7	3.98±2.95aA	3.80±3.71aA	2.00±2.31aA	0.70±1.39bA	2.22±1.55aA	1.87±1.19aA
8~15	4.03±5.89aA	3.92±0.50bA	0.70±1.39aB	0.00±0.00bB	1.79±1.60aA	0.00±0.00bB
16~30	2.08±1.74aA	1.44±1.77bB	0.99±0.07aAB	0.73±0.03aA	0.62±0.08aB	0.83±0.12aC
1~30	9.77±3.63a	8.90±1.88b	3.65±1.37a	1.42±1.55b	4.57±1.18a	2.68±0.55b
处理Treatment	0.52		<0.01		<0.01
时段Period	<0.01		<0.01		<0.01
处理×时段T×P	0.89		0.15		<0.01