Effects of starter feed in different physical forms on the rumen transcriptome of lambs

doi:10.11686/cyxb2022217

Abstract

Abstract:

The physical form of the starter feed can affect the rumen development of ruminants. In this study， we investigated the effects of different physical forms of starter feed on the rumen transcriptome of pre- and post-weaning lambs. The overall aim was to explore the molecular mechanism by which starter feed in different physical forms affects the rumen development of lambs. Twenty-four 8-day-old male Hu lambs with similar birth weight ［average，（5.04±0.75） kg body weight］ were randomly assigned to two groups with 12 lambs per group. Each lamb was considered to be one replicate. The two groups were assigned to one of two dietary treatments （pelleted starter， PS； and textured starter， TS）. Lambs were fed from their dams until 7 days of age and were separated from them at 8 days of age. From 8 to 35 days of age （pre-weaning）， the lambs were bottle fed with milk replacer （MR） with ad libitum access to their respective starter feed. Feeding with MR was stopped at day 35. Six lambs per treatment were euthanized pre- （21 d） or post-weaning （42 d） for sampling. The abdominal sac tissue was collected from the rumen. RNA-Seq was used for transcriptome sequencing. A total of 4478 genes were differentially expressed between the two groups. Compared with the PS group， the TS group showed 194 up-regulated genes and 293 down-regulated genes pre-weaning， and 1763 up-regulated genes and 2228 down-regulated genes post-weaning. Gene ontology （GO） annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes （KEGG） pathway enrichment analyses showed that the differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched in key metabolic pathways such as peptide and amino acid biosynthesis， peptide metabolism， carbohydrate metabolism， lipid metabolism， butyric acid metabolism， pyruvate metabolism， and apoptosis. According to the enrichment results， 15 differentially expressed genes were selected for verification of their expression patterns by qRT-PCR. The results obtained from the qRT-PCR analyses were consistent with those obtained from transcriptome sequencing. In conclusion， the up-regulation of genes related to fatty acid metabolism， cyclins and kinases， and growth， and down-regulation of genes related to apoptosis of the rumen epithelium of the TS group may be the important factors in promoting the rumen development of lambs.

Key words: pelleted starter, textured starter, transcriptomics, rumen, lambs

Rui-xin YANG, Yong LI, Xiao-fang CAI, Cheng-xing HAN, Yan-li GUO. Effects of starter feed in different physical forms on the rumen transcriptome of lambs[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2023, 32(5): 159-170.

Figures/Tables 10

References 40

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基因代码 Gene ID	基因名称 Gene name	引物序列 Primer sequence （5′→3′）	扩增大小 Amplicon size （bp）
443059	BAX	F： TGTCCTCCCCCAGAGATCAG；R： GGGCCCTAGAGGAGAAAGGA	97
101104112	BDH1	F： GAGAAGGAAACGGCGGTAG；R： AAAAGGCAGAATGGTCAGG	169
101107334	CASP8	F： TCCAGGATTCGCCTCTGGTA；R： CCGGCTTAGGAACTTGAGGG	133
443318	IGF1	F： GCTCTCAACATCTCCCATCTCC；R： CCCATTGCTTCTGAAGTGCAAA	94
443408	LPL	F： GATTAGCGATTCCTACTTCAGC；R： AGACTTGTCATGGCATTTCAC	181
808252	COX2	F： TCCCAACATCAAACCGACTA；R： TTACGGCTCCTGCTCACA	249
101106011	BDH2	F： ATTGATGGAGGCTGGAGTT；R： ATTGGAAAGAGAGGTTGGG	121
101119699	HMGCL	F： TGGGGACTGTGTGGGAATA；R： CAGCAGCAAGTTGTGGAGA	312
101111590	HMGCS2	F： TACCTGGAGCGAGTGGATGA；R： GGCGAGTCATCTGGATCTGG	362
100187551	IGFBP6	F： GGGTCTACACTCCCAACTGC；R： TAGGATTCTCTCCCGAGGGC	132
443133	IGFBP5	F： TGAAGGCTGAGGCTGTGAAG；R： GGCCCCTGCTCAGATTCC	133
100216432	CDK1	F： CCAATAATGAAGTGTGGCCAGAAG；R： AGAAATTCGTTTGGCAGGATCATAG	164
443469	IGFBP2	F： GTCCTGGAACGGATCTCCAC；R： GAGGTTGTACAGGCCATGCT	108
101108399	RFC3	F： AACAGTGGCACAATCACAGCAA；R： AGTTGTGGAGGAAGATTTAGACCC	294
101115335	ANAPC13	F： TCTTGGATTTGATTGACG；R： CAGATTCTGTGGTGCCTC	149

基因代码 Gene ID	基因名称 Gene name	引物序列 Primer sequence （5′→3′）	扩增大小 Amplicon size （bp）
443059	BAX	F： TGTCCTCCCCCAGAGATCAG；R： GGGCCCTAGAGGAGAAAGGA	97
101104112	BDH1	F： GAGAAGGAAACGGCGGTAG；R： AAAAGGCAGAATGGTCAGG	169
101107334	CASP8	F： TCCAGGATTCGCCTCTGGTA；R： CCGGCTTAGGAACTTGAGGG	133
443318	IGF1	F： GCTCTCAACATCTCCCATCTCC；R： CCCATTGCTTCTGAAGTGCAAA	94
443408	LPL	F： GATTAGCGATTCCTACTTCAGC；R： AGACTTGTCATGGCATTTCAC	181
808252	COX2	F： TCCCAACATCAAACCGACTA；R： TTACGGCTCCTGCTCACA	249
101106011	BDH2	F： ATTGATGGAGGCTGGAGTT；R： ATTGGAAAGAGAGGTTGGG	121
101119699	HMGCL	F： TGGGGACTGTGTGGGAATA；R： CAGCAGCAAGTTGTGGAGA	312
101111590	HMGCS2	F： TACCTGGAGCGAGTGGATGA；R： GGCGAGTCATCTGGATCTGG	362
100187551	IGFBP6	F： GGGTCTACACTCCCAACTGC；R： TAGGATTCTCTCCCGAGGGC	132
443133	IGFBP5	F： TGAAGGCTGAGGCTGTGAAG；R： GGCCCCTGCTCAGATTCC	133
100216432	CDK1	F： CCAATAATGAAGTGTGGCCAGAAG；R： AGAAATTCGTTTGGCAGGATCATAG	164
443469	IGFBP2	F： GTCCTGGAACGGATCTCCAC；R： GAGGTTGTACAGGCCATGCT	108
101108399	RFC3	F： AACAGTGGCACAATCACAGCAA；R： AGTTGTGGAGGAAGATTTAGACCC	294
101115335	ANAPC13	F： TCTTGGATTTGATTGACG；R： CAGATTCTGTGGTGCCTC	149

基因编号 Gene ID	基因名称 Gene name	基因描述 Gene description	差异倍数 log₂（fold change）	P值 P value
101104112	BDH1	3-羟基丁酸脱氢酶1 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase 1	1.100	0.000
101119699	HMGCL	3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酰裂解酶3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA lyase	0.973	0.004
101111590	HMGCS2	3-羟基-3-甲基戊酰辅酶合成酶异构体2 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase 2	1.103	0.000
101117625	PPARD	过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体δ Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor delta	0.908	0.000
101114126	ACSS2	乙酰辅酶A合成酶2基因Acyl-CoA synthetase short chain family member 2	0.748	0.001
105606089	CDK18	细胞周期依赖性激酶18 Cyclin dependent kinase 18	1.056	0.000
101109788	CDK9	细胞周期依赖性激酶9 Cyclin dependent kinase 9	0.583	0.011
101111140	CDK2AP2	细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶2关联蛋白2 Cyclin dependent kinase 2 associated protein 2	0.701	0.027
101117113	CCNK	细胞周期蛋白K Cyclin K	0.584	0.024
100147798	CCND3	细胞周期蛋白D3 Cyclin D3	0.562	0.045
101103350	SART3	T细胞识别的鳞状细胞癌抗原3 Spliceosome associated factor 3	0.519	0.044
101120931	CARD14	细胞凋亡募集结构域蛋白14 Caspase recruitment domain family member 14	-0.986	0.015
101109100	CASP8AP2	半胱氨酸-天冬氨酸蛋白酶8相关蛋白2 Caspase 8 associated protein 2	-1.237	0.000
101107334	CASP8	半胱氨酸-天冬氨酸蛋白酶8 Caspase 8	-0.711	0.021
443133	IGFBP5	胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白5 Insulin like growth factor binding protein 5	0.737	0.006
443470	IGFBP4	胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白4 Insulin like growth factor binding protein 4	0.907	0.012
443318	IGF1	胰岛素样生长因子1 Insulin like growth factor 1	-1.314	0.000

基因编号 Gene ID	基因名称 Gene name	基因描述 Gene description	差异倍数 log₂（fold change）	P值 P value
101104112	BDH1	3-羟基丁酸脱氢酶1 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase 1	1.100	0.000
101119699	HMGCL	3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酰裂解酶3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA lyase	0.973	0.004
101111590	HMGCS2	3-羟基-3-甲基戊酰辅酶合成酶异构体2 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase 2	1.103	0.000
101117625	PPARD	过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体δ Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor delta	0.908	0.000
101114126	ACSS2	乙酰辅酶A合成酶2基因Acyl-CoA synthetase short chain family member 2	0.748	0.001
105606089	CDK18	细胞周期依赖性激酶18 Cyclin dependent kinase 18	1.056	0.000
101109788	CDK9	细胞周期依赖性激酶9 Cyclin dependent kinase 9	0.583	0.011
101111140	CDK2AP2	细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶2关联蛋白2 Cyclin dependent kinase 2 associated protein 2	0.701	0.027
101117113	CCNK	细胞周期蛋白K Cyclin K	0.584	0.024
100147798	CCND3	细胞周期蛋白D3 Cyclin D3	0.562	0.045
101103350	SART3	T细胞识别的鳞状细胞癌抗原3 Spliceosome associated factor 3	0.519	0.044
101120931	CARD14	细胞凋亡募集结构域蛋白14 Caspase recruitment domain family member 14	-0.986	0.015
101109100	CASP8AP2	半胱氨酸-天冬氨酸蛋白酶8相关蛋白2 Caspase 8 associated protein 2	-1.237	0.000
101107334	CASP8	半胱氨酸-天冬氨酸蛋白酶8 Caspase 8	-0.711	0.021
443133	IGFBP5	胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白5 Insulin like growth factor binding protein 5	0.737	0.006
443470	IGFBP4	胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白4 Insulin like growth factor binding protein 4	0.907	0.012
443318	IGF1	胰岛素样生长因子1 Insulin like growth factor 1	-1.314	0.000

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