Cadmium enrichment characteristics and growth response of rice under excess cadmium stress in soil

doi:10.11686/cyxb2024348

Abstract

Abstract:

In recent years， the problem of soil cadmium （Cd） pollution has become increasingly serious， posing great threat to human health. The remediation of Cd-contaminated soil has become an urgent environmental problem. In this study， rice （Oryza sativa） was used as the test plant， and four treatments were set up with no Cd （control， CK）， low Cd （0.5 mg·kg^-1）， medium Cd （2.5 mg·kg^-1） and high Cd （10 mg·kg^-1soil）. The effects of Cd pollution on physiological and biochemical characteristics and Cd levels of rice at different growth stages were investigated. It was found that the medium and high concentrations of Cd significantly decreased the aboveground biomass of rice， while the chlorophyll content of rice at maturity decreased by 30.73%-77.64% with exposure to increased Cd concentration. The low Cd concentration significantly （P<0.05） increased the proline content at tillering stage by 45.11% compared with the control， and Cd pollution significantly （P<0.05） reduced the proline content at heading stage by 33.75%-61.10%. For rice plants exposed to Cd at the mature stage， the activities of superoxide dismutase and peroxidase （except the peroxidase activity at low Cd concentration） were significantly （P<0.05） increased， compared with the CK treatment. With increase in Cd concentration， the Cd content in all parts of the rice plants increased. However， at maturity the Cd enrichment coefficient in roots， stems， leaves and rice husk decreased gradually. Meanwhile， the proportion of acid-soluble Cd and reducible Cd fractions in the soil increased. There was a significant positive correlation between soil concentration of the different Cd species plant Cd content， plant proline content， and plant superoxide dismutase activity and peroxidase activity. There was a significant negative correlation between Cd content and chlorophyll concentration. This study enhances understanding of the dynamics of Cd transfer from soil and accumulation in rice plants， and the safe utilization of Cd-contaminated soil.

Key words: cadmium-contaminated soil, antioxidant enzymes, osmotic adjustment substances, enrichment, transport

Tian-yi LU, Yan-mei AI, Yang WANG, Meng NA, Shang-qi XU, Ji-hai ZHOU. Cadmium enrichment characteristics and growth response of rice under excess cadmium stress in soil[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2025, 34(8): 66-78.

Figures/Tables 10

Table 1 Basic physical and chemical properties of test soil

有机质

Organic matter （g·kg^-1）

全氮

Total nitrogen （g·kg^-1）

全磷

Total phosphorus （g·kg^-1）

全钾

Total potassium （g·kg^-1）

镉

Cd （mg·kg^-1）

Fig.1 Effects of Cd on plant height and biomass of rice

Fig.2 Effects of Cd on chlorophyll content in rice

Fig.3 Effects of Cd on proline content in rice

Fig.4 Effect of Cd on antioxidant enzyme activity in rice

Fig.5 Cd content in different parts of rice

Fig.6 Proportion of Cd content in different parts of rice

Fig.7 The bioconcentration factor and translocation factor of Cd in rice

Fig.8 The proportion of soil Cd species

Fig.9 Correlation between Cd content speices and physiological characteristics of rice

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