Acta Prataculturae Sinica ›› 2022, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (7): 85-95.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2021261
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Jun-feng LI(), Jie ZHAO, Xiao-yue TANG, Tong-tong DAI, Dong DONG, Cheng ZONG, Tao SHAO()
Received:
2021-06-29
Revised:
2021-09-08
Online:
2022-07-20
Published:
2022-06-01
Contact:
Tao SHAO
Jun-feng LI, Jie ZHAO, Xiao-yue TANG, Tong-tong DAI, Dong DONG, Cheng ZONG, Tao SHAO. Effect of a rumen cellulolytic microbial consortium on the degradation of structural carbohydrate in sterile rice straw silage[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2022, 31(7): 85-95.
时间 Time (d) | 外切葡聚糖酶 Exoglucanase | 内切葡聚糖酶 Endoglucanase | β-葡萄糖苷酶 β-glucosidase | 木聚糖酶 Xylanase |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 0.53±0.00 | 0.80±0.03 | 0.36±0.13 | 2.46±0.21 |
2 | 1.03±0.08 | 1.75±0.18 | 0.72±0.10 | 2.31±0.08 |
3 | 1.60±0.19 | 2.57±0.02 | 1.37±0.25 | 2.59±0.13 |
4 | 1.98±0.11 | 2.82±0.16 | 1.55±0.16 | 3.17±0.07 |
5 | 2.40±0.09 | 3.36±0.11 | 1.49±0.19 | 3.76±0.11 |
6 | 2.71±0.20 | 3.44±0.16 | 1.59±0.16 | 3.91±0.06 |
Table 1 Various enzyme activities of cellulolytic microbial consortium M6 (U·mL-1)
时间 Time (d) | 外切葡聚糖酶 Exoglucanase | 内切葡聚糖酶 Endoglucanase | β-葡萄糖苷酶 β-glucosidase | 木聚糖酶 Xylanase |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 0.53±0.00 | 0.80±0.03 | 0.36±0.13 | 2.46±0.21 |
2 | 1.03±0.08 | 1.75±0.18 | 0.72±0.10 | 2.31±0.08 |
3 | 1.60±0.19 | 2.57±0.02 | 1.37±0.25 | 2.59±0.13 |
4 | 1.98±0.11 | 2.82±0.16 | 1.55±0.16 | 3.17±0.07 |
5 | 2.40±0.09 | 3.36±0.11 | 1.49±0.19 | 3.76±0.11 |
6 | 2.71±0.20 | 3.44±0.16 | 1.59±0.16 | 3.91±0.06 |
项目 Items | 新鲜水稻秸秆 Fresh rice straw | 灭菌水稻秸秆 Irradiated rice straw | P值 P-value |
---|---|---|---|
干物质 Dry matter (g·kg-1 FW) | 639.50±17.61 | 635.36±9.15 | 0.845 |
水溶性碳水化合物 Water soluble carbohydrate (g·kg-1 DM) | 50.21±2.62 | 49.86±4.29 | 0.948 |
粗蛋白 Crude protein (g·kg-1 DM) | 28.63±1.14 | 29.46±1.22 | 0.671 |
缓冲能 Buffering capacity (mEq·kg-1 DM) | 33.70±1.62 | 30.96±1.23 | 0.248 |
酸性洗涤纤维 Acid detergent fiber (g·kg-1 DM) | 428.75±12.03 | 408.78±13.82 | 0.337 |
中性洗涤纤维 Neutral detergent fiber (g·kg-1 DM) | 679.52±6.65 | 674.40±8.14 | 0.652 |
乳酸菌 Lactic acid bacteria (Log10 cfu·g-1 FW) | 5.83±0.31 | ND | — |
酵母菌 Yeasts (Log10 cfu·g-1 FW) | 4.29±0.26 | ND | — |
霉菌 Moulds (Log10 cfu·g-1 FW) | 4.15±0.16 | ND | — |
Table 2 Chemical composition and microbial population of fresh and irradiated rice straw prior to ensiling
项目 Items | 新鲜水稻秸秆 Fresh rice straw | 灭菌水稻秸秆 Irradiated rice straw | P值 P-value |
---|---|---|---|
干物质 Dry matter (g·kg-1 FW) | 639.50±17.61 | 635.36±9.15 | 0.845 |
水溶性碳水化合物 Water soluble carbohydrate (g·kg-1 DM) | 50.21±2.62 | 49.86±4.29 | 0.948 |
粗蛋白 Crude protein (g·kg-1 DM) | 28.63±1.14 | 29.46±1.22 | 0.671 |
缓冲能 Buffering capacity (mEq·kg-1 DM) | 33.70±1.62 | 30.96±1.23 | 0.248 |
酸性洗涤纤维 Acid detergent fiber (g·kg-1 DM) | 428.75±12.03 | 408.78±13.82 | 0.337 |
中性洗涤纤维 Neutral detergent fiber (g·kg-1 DM) | 679.52±6.65 | 674.40±8.14 | 0.652 |
乳酸菌 Lactic acid bacteria (Log10 cfu·g-1 FW) | 5.83±0.31 | ND | — |
酵母菌 Yeasts (Log10 cfu·g-1 FW) | 4.29±0.26 | ND | — |
霉菌 Moulds (Log10 cfu·g-1 FW) | 4.15±0.16 | ND | — |
项目 Items | 处理 Treatments | 青贮天数Ensiling days | 标准误 SEM | P-value | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
3 d | 6 d | 15 d | 45 d | 60 d | 90 d | T | D | T×D | |||
pH | CK | 6.23bA | 5.92bAB | 5.71bB | 5.71bB | 5.68bB | 5.59bB | 0.085 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
IRR | 6.67a | 6.64a | 6.68a | 6.69a | 6.68a | 6.69a | |||||
CLAB | 5.30d | 5.26c | 5.15bc | 5.17c | 5.23b | 4.85c | |||||
M6 | 5.77cA | 5.17cB | 4.93cBC | 4.75cC | 4.62cC | 4.66cC | |||||
乳酸 Lactic acid (g·kg-1 DM) | CK | 6.36cB | 7.54cB | 9.81bA | 10.76bA | 7.87cB | 6.96cB | 0.810 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
IRR | 0.06d | 0.05d | ND | ND | ND | 0.02d | |||||
CLAB | 13.28a | 14.60a | 14.51a | 14.10b | 12.51b | 11.90b | |||||
M6 | 9.69bD | 12.63bC | 15.12aC | 17.95aB | 20.31aB | 23.90aA | |||||
乙酸 Acetic acid (g·kg-1 DM) | CK | 2.34aD | 3.19aCD | 3.59aC | 4.18aBC | 5.10aAB | 5.24aA | 0.201 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.197 |
IRR | 0.14c | 0.24c | 0.26c | 0.31b | 0.29c | 0.32c | |||||
CLAB | 1.05bB | 1.18bB | 1.92bAB | 3.05aA | 2.85bA | 2.66bA | |||||
M6 | 2.49a | 2.85a | 3.14a | 3.92a | 4.34a | 4.56a | |||||
丙酸 Propionic acid (g·kg-1 DM) | CK | 0.81a | 0.98a | 0.73 | 1.02 | 1.06a | 1.15 | 0.106 | <0.001 | 0.452 | 0.315 |
IRR | ND | 0.08b | 0.04 | ND | ND | ND | |||||
CLAB | 0.19b | ND | ND | ND | 0.01c | ND | |||||
M6 | 0.14b | 0.10b | 0.77 | 0.17 | 0.38b | 0.15 | |||||
丁酸 Butyric acid (g·kg-1 DM) | CK | 0.49bB | 0.71AB | 0.85aAB | 1.04aAB | 1.16aA | 1.18aA | 0.049 | <0.001 | 0.003 | 0.057 |
IRR | ND | ND | 0.03c | 0.02d | ND | 0.02b | |||||
CLAB | 0.47b | 0.50 | 0.51c | 0.57c | 0.49b | 0.53ab | |||||
M6 | 0.73a | 0.68 | 0.87a | 0.79b | 1.19a | 0.83a | |||||
乳酸/乙酸 Lactic acid/acetic acid | CK | 2.79bcAB | 2.38bAB | 2.86bA | 2.63bAB | 1.67bC | 1.58bC | 0.416 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
IRR | 0.55c | 0.66b | - | - | - | 0.31b | |||||
CLAB | 12.64aA | 12.90aA | 8.27aB | 4.63aB | 4.62aB | 5.27aB | |||||
M6 | 3.92b | 4.43b | 4.84ab | 5.24a | 4.71a | 5.26a |
Table 3 Dynamic changes of pH value, organic acid content and lactic acid/acetic acid of rice straw silage
项目 Items | 处理 Treatments | 青贮天数Ensiling days | 标准误 SEM | P-value | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
3 d | 6 d | 15 d | 45 d | 60 d | 90 d | T | D | T×D | |||
pH | CK | 6.23bA | 5.92bAB | 5.71bB | 5.71bB | 5.68bB | 5.59bB | 0.085 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
IRR | 6.67a | 6.64a | 6.68a | 6.69a | 6.68a | 6.69a | |||||
CLAB | 5.30d | 5.26c | 5.15bc | 5.17c | 5.23b | 4.85c | |||||
M6 | 5.77cA | 5.17cB | 4.93cBC | 4.75cC | 4.62cC | 4.66cC | |||||
乳酸 Lactic acid (g·kg-1 DM) | CK | 6.36cB | 7.54cB | 9.81bA | 10.76bA | 7.87cB | 6.96cB | 0.810 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
IRR | 0.06d | 0.05d | ND | ND | ND | 0.02d | |||||
CLAB | 13.28a | 14.60a | 14.51a | 14.10b | 12.51b | 11.90b | |||||
M6 | 9.69bD | 12.63bC | 15.12aC | 17.95aB | 20.31aB | 23.90aA | |||||
乙酸 Acetic acid (g·kg-1 DM) | CK | 2.34aD | 3.19aCD | 3.59aC | 4.18aBC | 5.10aAB | 5.24aA | 0.201 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.197 |
IRR | 0.14c | 0.24c | 0.26c | 0.31b | 0.29c | 0.32c | |||||
CLAB | 1.05bB | 1.18bB | 1.92bAB | 3.05aA | 2.85bA | 2.66bA | |||||
M6 | 2.49a | 2.85a | 3.14a | 3.92a | 4.34a | 4.56a | |||||
丙酸 Propionic acid (g·kg-1 DM) | CK | 0.81a | 0.98a | 0.73 | 1.02 | 1.06a | 1.15 | 0.106 | <0.001 | 0.452 | 0.315 |
IRR | ND | 0.08b | 0.04 | ND | ND | ND | |||||
CLAB | 0.19b | ND | ND | ND | 0.01c | ND | |||||
M6 | 0.14b | 0.10b | 0.77 | 0.17 | 0.38b | 0.15 | |||||
丁酸 Butyric acid (g·kg-1 DM) | CK | 0.49bB | 0.71AB | 0.85aAB | 1.04aAB | 1.16aA | 1.18aA | 0.049 | <0.001 | 0.003 | 0.057 |
IRR | ND | ND | 0.03c | 0.02d | ND | 0.02b | |||||
CLAB | 0.47b | 0.50 | 0.51c | 0.57c | 0.49b | 0.53ab | |||||
M6 | 0.73a | 0.68 | 0.87a | 0.79b | 1.19a | 0.83a | |||||
乳酸/乙酸 Lactic acid/acetic acid | CK | 2.79bcAB | 2.38bAB | 2.86bA | 2.63bAB | 1.67bC | 1.58bC | 0.416 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
IRR | 0.55c | 0.66b | - | - | - | 0.31b | |||||
CLAB | 12.64aA | 12.90aA | 8.27aB | 4.63aB | 4.62aB | 5.27aB | |||||
M6 | 3.92b | 4.43b | 4.84ab | 5.24a | 4.71a | 5.26a |
处理 Treatments | 乳酸得分 Lactic acid score | 乙酸得分 Acetic acid score | 丁酸得分 Butyric acid score | 总分 Total score | 等级 Grade |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
CK | 12 | 10 | 10 | 32 | 中Middle |
CLAB | 30 | 19 | 20 | 69 | 良 Good |
M6 | 30 | 19 | 30 | 79 | 良Good |
Table 4 The Flieg score of fermentation quality of 90 days rice straw silage
处理 Treatments | 乳酸得分 Lactic acid score | 乙酸得分 Acetic acid score | 丁酸得分 Butyric acid score | 总分 Total score | 等级 Grade |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
CK | 12 | 10 | 10 | 32 | 中Middle |
CLAB | 30 | 19 | 20 | 69 | 良 Good |
M6 | 30 | 19 | 30 | 79 | 良Good |
项目 Items | 处理 Treatments | 青贮天数Ensiling days | 标准误 SEM | P-value | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
3 d | 6 d | 15 d | 45 d | 60 d | 90 d | T | D | T×D | |||
中性洗涤纤维 Neutral detergent fiber | CK | 677.61 | 674.80a | 667.84a | 659.96a | 660.64a | 659.35a | 2.857 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.031 |
IRR | 667.49 | 666.54ab | 666.65a | 664.43a | 664.97a | 664.06a | |||||
CLAB | 663.88A | 660.31abA | 654.63abAB | 644.63abBC | 638.92abC | 634.92aC | |||||
M6 | 655.21A | 646.83bAB | 633.07bB | 616.73bC | 602.41bCD | 590.15bD | |||||
酸性洗涤纤维 Acid detergent fiber | CK | 425.32a | 425.85 | 423.63a | 418.29a | 419.86a | 418.37a | 1.841 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.074 |
IRR | 416.29ab | 416.28 | 415.82ab | 414.33a | 413.11a | 413.36a | |||||
CLAB | 405.63bA | 405.08A | 403.64bcA | 398.54cAB | 394.27bAB | 391.76bB | |||||
M6 | 405.33bA | 401.16AB | 393.68cBC | 386.45dCD | 376.26cDE | 372.63cE | |||||
酸性洗涤木质素 Acid detergent lignin | CK | 59.71 | 60.57 | 60.02 | 60.01a | 59.58 | 59.09 | 0.267 | <0.001 | 0.474 | 0.686 |
IRR | 58.95 | 58.87 | 58.61 | 58.82ab | 58.93 | 58.86 | |||||
CLAB | 59.45 | 59.54 | 58.03 | 58.13ab | 58.71 | 59.46 | |||||
M6 | 58.55A | 57.08A | 58.30AB | 56.48bAB | 54.51B | 54.02B | |||||
纤维素 Cellulose | CK | 365.61a | 365.28 | 363.62a | 358.29a | 360.28a | 359.28a | 1.700 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.211 |
IRR | 357.34ab | 357.41 | 357.20ab | 355.52a | 354.18a | 354.51a | |||||
CLAB | 346.18bA | 345.54A | 345.61bcA | 340.41bAB | 335.56bAB | 332.30bB | |||||
M6 | 346.78bA | 344.08A | 335.37cAB | 329.97cBC | 321.76bC | 318.61cC | |||||
半纤维素 Hemicellulose | CK | 252.29 | 248.95 | 244.21 | 241.66 | 240.78 | 240.98a | 1.780 | 0.006 | 0.120 | 0.976 |
IRR | 251.19 | 250.26 | 250.83 | 250.10 | 251.87 | 250.69ab | |||||
CLAB | 258.25 | 255.23 | 251.00 | 246.09 | 244.65 | 243.17ab | |||||
M6 | 249.88A | 245.67AB | 239.40ABC | 230.28BCD | 226.14CD | 217.52bD |
Table 5 Changes in structural carbohydrates components of rice straw silage (g·kg-1 DM)
项目 Items | 处理 Treatments | 青贮天数Ensiling days | 标准误 SEM | P-value | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
3 d | 6 d | 15 d | 45 d | 60 d | 90 d | T | D | T×D | |||
中性洗涤纤维 Neutral detergent fiber | CK | 677.61 | 674.80a | 667.84a | 659.96a | 660.64a | 659.35a | 2.857 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.031 |
IRR | 667.49 | 666.54ab | 666.65a | 664.43a | 664.97a | 664.06a | |||||
CLAB | 663.88A | 660.31abA | 654.63abAB | 644.63abBC | 638.92abC | 634.92aC | |||||
M6 | 655.21A | 646.83bAB | 633.07bB | 616.73bC | 602.41bCD | 590.15bD | |||||
酸性洗涤纤维 Acid detergent fiber | CK | 425.32a | 425.85 | 423.63a | 418.29a | 419.86a | 418.37a | 1.841 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.074 |
IRR | 416.29ab | 416.28 | 415.82ab | 414.33a | 413.11a | 413.36a | |||||
CLAB | 405.63bA | 405.08A | 403.64bcA | 398.54cAB | 394.27bAB | 391.76bB | |||||
M6 | 405.33bA | 401.16AB | 393.68cBC | 386.45dCD | 376.26cDE | 372.63cE | |||||
酸性洗涤木质素 Acid detergent lignin | CK | 59.71 | 60.57 | 60.02 | 60.01a | 59.58 | 59.09 | 0.267 | <0.001 | 0.474 | 0.686 |
IRR | 58.95 | 58.87 | 58.61 | 58.82ab | 58.93 | 58.86 | |||||
CLAB | 59.45 | 59.54 | 58.03 | 58.13ab | 58.71 | 59.46 | |||||
M6 | 58.55A | 57.08A | 58.30AB | 56.48bAB | 54.51B | 54.02B | |||||
纤维素 Cellulose | CK | 365.61a | 365.28 | 363.62a | 358.29a | 360.28a | 359.28a | 1.700 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.211 |
IRR | 357.34ab | 357.41 | 357.20ab | 355.52a | 354.18a | 354.51a | |||||
CLAB | 346.18bA | 345.54A | 345.61bcA | 340.41bAB | 335.56bAB | 332.30bB | |||||
M6 | 346.78bA | 344.08A | 335.37cAB | 329.97cBC | 321.76bC | 318.61cC | |||||
半纤维素 Hemicellulose | CK | 252.29 | 248.95 | 244.21 | 241.66 | 240.78 | 240.98a | 1.780 | 0.006 | 0.120 | 0.976 |
IRR | 251.19 | 250.26 | 250.83 | 250.10 | 251.87 | 250.69ab | |||||
CLAB | 258.25 | 255.23 | 251.00 | 246.09 | 244.65 | 243.17ab | |||||
M6 | 249.88A | 245.67AB | 239.40ABC | 230.28BCD | 226.14CD | 217.52bD |
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