Response of biological nitrogen fixation by milk vetch to soil fertility and rhizobium inoculation

doi:10.11686/cyxb2024229

Abstract

Abstract:

Milk vetch （Astragalus sinicus） is one of the most important leguminous green manure crop in China， and high-efficiency biological nitrogen fixation is its key feature. Suitable environmental conditions and rhizobial inoculation can enhance the nitrogen-fixing ability of milk vetch. In this study， we selected three widely used cultivars of milk vetch， Yijiangzi， Xiangzi No.1， and Minzi No.7， and conducted pot trials using ¹⁵N-isotope tracing technology to investigate the effects and mechanisms of biological nitrogen fixation after inoculation with rhizobia （strain 7563R） under two soil fertility conditions. The results showed that， under high fertility conditions， the average biomass， nitrogen uptake， and biological nitrogen fixation of milk vetch were increased by 77.5%， 52.6%， and 22.0%， respectively， compared with their values under low fertility conditions. However， the average nitrogen fixation efficiency of milk vetch under high fertility conditions was 44.7%， which was 10.4% lower than that under low fertility conditions （55.1%）. Compared with uninoculated milk vetch， the rhizobia-inoculated milk vetch showed higher average nitrogen uptake and nitrogen fixation efficiency （increased by 13.5% and 4.3%， respectively）. There were no significant differences in biomass， nitrogen fixation efficiency， and nitrogen fixation among the different cultivars of milk vetch， but phosphorus and potassium uptake were higher in Yijiangzi than in Xiangzi No.1 and Minzi No.7. Random forest analysis indicated that soil available potassium， available phosphorus， and pH significantly influenced the nitrogen fixation of milk vetch， with contribution rates of 10.03%， 9.38%， and 8.28%， respectively. In conclusion， our results show that there is a significant interactive effect of soil fertility and rhizobia on the biological nitrogen fixation of milk vetch. The inoculation of milk vetch with rhizobia and its cultivation in suitable soil environments are important measures to promote nitrogen fixation and increase nitrogen uptake.

Key words: milk vetch, soil fertility, rhizobia, interactive effect, biological nitrogen fixation

Lei ZHANG, Jin-tao DU, Qian-yu FAN, Shun LI, Song-juan GAO, Wei-dong CAO. Response of biological nitrogen fixation by milk vetch to soil fertility and rhizobium inoculation[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2025, 34(5): 51-63.

Figures/Tables 10

References 42

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处理因素 Treatment factors	F
处理因素 Treatment factors	固氮效率 Nitrogen fixation efficiency	固氮量 Nitrogen fixation
SF	49.71***	10.23***
MV	0.84ns	0.87ns
RI	8.35**	6.19*
SF×MV	5.24**	2.24ns
SF×RI	1.37ns	5.75*
MV×RI	1.98ns	7.88**
SF×MV×RI	2.49ns	5.49**

处理因素 Treatment factors	F
处理因素 Treatment factors	固氮效率 Nitrogen fixation efficiency	固氮量 Nitrogen fixation
SF	49.71***	10.23***
MV	0.84ns	0.87ns
RI	8.35**	6.19*
SF×MV	5.24**	2.24ns
SF×RI	1.37ns	5.75*
MV×RI	1.98ns	7.88**
SF×MV×RI	2.49ns	5.49**

处理 Treatment	pH	有机碳 Organic carbon （g·kg^-1）	全氮 Total N （g·kg^-1）	有效磷 Available P （mg·kg^-1）	速效钾 Available K （mg·kg^-1）	铵态氮 Ammonium N（mg·kg^-1）	硝态氮 Nitrate N（mg·kg^-1）
IHY	5.50±0.02a	10.70±0.69b	1.02±0.054b	31.4±3.7a	114.7±9.3a	2.2±0.9b	2.2±0.6b
IHM	5.42±0.06b	12.23±1.24a	1.27±0.014a	33.3±2.7a	111.9±7.2a	3.4±0.8a	2.5±0.4ab
IHX	5.41±0.07b	10.60±0.52b	1.04±0.055b	30.8±1.3a	105.2±4.1b	3.9±1.2a	2.9±0.7a
IH	5.44±0.07A	11.28±1.24A	1.11±0.136A	31.84±2.9A	110.6±8.0A	2.5±0.6A	3.2±1.2A
NHY	5.50±0.04ab	11.03±0.56b	1.04±0.048b	31.7±2.4b	104.3±6.2c	3.0±1.6a	2.2±0.7b
NHM	5.38±0.08b	13.46±3.26a	1.29±0.231a	35.1±1.6a	123.3±8.2a	2.7±0.9a	3.1±0.9a
NHX	5.44±0.05a	11.82±0.40ab	1.25±0.360a	30.9±2.4b	111.6±6.0b	3.2±0.5a	2.6±0.9ab
NH	5.40±0.06B	12.10±2.12A	1.19±0.231A	32.59±2.8A	113.1±11.2A	2.6±1.2A	3.0±1.1A
ILY	6.08±0.04a	8.85±0.39a	0.82±0.038a	14.6±0.4c	81.5±6.2a	2.8±0.5a	2.9±0.4a
ILM	5.74±0.05c	9.19±0.82a	0.82±0.034a	16.8±0.8a	77.2±7.2a	3.0±0.5a	2.0±0.5b
ILX	5.84±0.04b	8.98±0.43a	0.83±0.024a	15.4±0.8b	81.4±5.1a	2.6±0.6a	1.9±0.2b
IL	5.89±0.15A	9.01±0.58A	0.82±0.032A	15.6±1.2A	80.0±6.3A	2.8±0.5A	2.3±0.6A
NLY	5.94±0.02a	8.73±0.38a	0.81±0.039a	14.5±0.6c	79.4±3.6a	2.7±0.4a	2.1±0.5a
NLM	5.76±0.03c	8.80±0.42a	0.79±0.047a	17.7±1.1a	65.4±8.8b	2.6±0.4ab	2.0±0.3ab
NLX	5.81±0.03b	8.82±0.25a	0.82±0.021a	15.7±1.0b	75.7±7.9a	2.3±0.4b	1.7±0.3b
NL	5.84±0.08A	8.78±0.34A	0.81±0.037A	16.0±1.6A	73.5±9.2B	2.5±0.4B	1.9±0.4B

处理 Treatment	pH	有机碳 Organic carbon （g·kg^-1）	全氮 Total N （g·kg^-1）	有效磷 Available P （mg·kg^-1）	速效钾 Available K （mg·kg^-1）	铵态氮 Ammonium N（mg·kg^-1）	硝态氮 Nitrate N（mg·kg^-1）
IHY	5.50±0.02a	10.70±0.69b	1.02±0.054b	31.4±3.7a	114.7±9.3a	2.2±0.9b	2.2±0.6b
IHM	5.42±0.06b	12.23±1.24a	1.27±0.014a	33.3±2.7a	111.9±7.2a	3.4±0.8a	2.5±0.4ab
IHX	5.41±0.07b	10.60±0.52b	1.04±0.055b	30.8±1.3a	105.2±4.1b	3.9±1.2a	2.9±0.7a
IH	5.44±0.07A	11.28±1.24A	1.11±0.136A	31.84±2.9A	110.6±8.0A	2.5±0.6A	3.2±1.2A
NHY	5.50±0.04ab	11.03±0.56b	1.04±0.048b	31.7±2.4b	104.3±6.2c	3.0±1.6a	2.2±0.7b
NHM	5.38±0.08b	13.46±3.26a	1.29±0.231a	35.1±1.6a	123.3±8.2a	2.7±0.9a	3.1±0.9a
NHX	5.44±0.05a	11.82±0.40ab	1.25±0.360a	30.9±2.4b	111.6±6.0b	3.2±0.5a	2.6±0.9ab
NH	5.40±0.06B	12.10±2.12A	1.19±0.231A	32.59±2.8A	113.1±11.2A	2.6±1.2A	3.0±1.1A
ILY	6.08±0.04a	8.85±0.39a	0.82±0.038a	14.6±0.4c	81.5±6.2a	2.8±0.5a	2.9±0.4a
ILM	5.74±0.05c	9.19±0.82a	0.82±0.034a	16.8±0.8a	77.2±7.2a	3.0±0.5a	2.0±0.5b
ILX	5.84±0.04b	8.98±0.43a	0.83±0.024a	15.4±0.8b	81.4±5.1a	2.6±0.6a	1.9±0.2b
IL	5.89±0.15A	9.01±0.58A	0.82±0.032A	15.6±1.2A	80.0±6.3A	2.8±0.5A	2.3±0.6A
NLY	5.94±0.02a	8.73±0.38a	0.81±0.039a	14.5±0.6c	79.4±3.6a	2.7±0.4a	2.1±0.5a
NLM	5.76±0.03c	8.80±0.42a	0.79±0.047a	17.7±1.1a	65.4±8.8b	2.6±0.4ab	2.0±0.3ab
NLX	5.81±0.03b	8.82±0.25a	0.82±0.021a	15.7±1.0b	75.7±7.9a	2.3±0.4b	1.7±0.3b
NL	5.84±0.08A	8.78±0.34A	0.81±0.037A	16.0±1.6A	73.5±9.2B	2.5±0.4B	1.9±0.4B

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