The community structure and functional diversity of rhizosphere soil fungi of three plant species in the alpine grassland of Xinjiang

doi:10.11686/cyxb2025089

Abstract

Abstract:

This research investigated the rhizosphere fungal community structure and ecological functions among alpine grassland plant species （Taraxacum mongolicum， Poa annua and Daucus carota） in the alpine grassland of Kizilsu Kirgiz Autonomous Prefecture， Xinjiang， using high-throughput sequencing technology. Correlations between soil physicochemical properties and fungal community structure were also analyzed. No significant differences in fungal alpha diversity were found among plant species. However， an analysis of similarities （ANOSIM） test indicated that the fungal community structure of P. annua was significantly different from that of the other two plant species. The dominant fungal phyla were identified as Ascomycota， Basidiomycota， and Mortierellomycota， while the predominant genera included Archaeorhizomyces， Hygrocybe， Thelebolus， and Podospora. LefSe analysis identified Podospora， Hygrocybe， and Archaeorhizomyces as biomarkers significantly associated with T. mongolicum， P. annua， and D. carota， respectively. FUNGuild functional annotation revealed that nutritional modes of fungi across all samples were predominantly saprotrophic （27.1%-28.6%）， with undefined saprotroph fungi being the most dominant functional group （18.5%-24.9%）. Soil organic matter， alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen， available phosphorus， and total nitrogen were identified as key determinants influencing fungal diversity. In conclusion， the structure and composition of rhizosphere fungal communities in the alpine grassland of Kizilsu Kirgiz Autonomous Prefecture was specific to plant species. These results provide a scientific basis for analyzing the mechanism of plant-microbe interactions and formulating sustainable management strategies for degraded grassland.

Key words: alpine grasslands, rhizosphere soil fungi, high-throughput sequencing, function prediction, plant-microbe interactions

Yi-xin SONG, Ming-yuan LI, Ya-sheng MAIRIYANGU, Ji-lian WANG. The community structure and functional diversity of rhizosphere soil fungi of three plant species in the alpine grassland of Xinjiang[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2026, 35(2): 167-178.

Figures/Tables 12

References 36

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样品名称Sample name	未分配Unassigned	腐生营养型Saprotroph	复合营养型Polytroph	共生营养型Symbiotroph	病理营养型Pathotroph
蒲公英T. mongolicum	0.529±0.045ab	0.271±0.052a	0.108±0.012b	0.048±0.015a	0.044±0.018a
早熟禾P. annua	0.412±0.018b	0.286±0.036a	0.189±0.018a	0.076±0.021a	0.037±0.007a
野胡萝卜D. carota	0.573±0.043a	0.274±0.041a	0.081±0.016b	0.052±0.016a	0.021±0.004a

样品名称Sample name	未分配Unassigned	腐生营养型Saprotroph	复合营养型Polytroph	共生营养型Symbiotroph	病理营养型Pathotroph
蒲公英T. mongolicum	0.529±0.045ab	0.271±0.052a	0.108±0.012b	0.048±0.015a	0.044±0.018a
早熟禾P. annua	0.412±0.018b	0.286±0.036a	0.189±0.018a	0.076±0.021a	0.037±0.007a
野胡萝卜D. carota	0.573±0.043a	0.274±0.041a	0.081±0.016b	0.052±0.016a	0.021±0.004a

功能类型 Functional group	蒲公英 T. mongolicum	早熟禾 P. annua	野胡萝卜 D. carota
未定义腐生菌 Undefined saprotroph	0.2486±0.0478a	0.2096±0.0394a	0.1851±0.0558a
土壤腐生菌 Soil saprotroph	0.0107±0.0052b	0.0594±0.0072ab	0.0758±0.0212a
丛枝菌根真菌 Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi	0.0364±0.0126a	0.0636±0.0192a	0.0445±0.0154a
兰花菌根菌 Orchid mycorrhizal	0.0039±0.0009a	0.0063±0.0013a	0.0044±0.0009a
外生菌根 Ectomycorrhizal	0.0067±0.0026a	0.0037±0.0015a	0.0014±0.0002a
植物病原菌 Plant pathogen	0.0419±0.0181a	0.0356±0.0072a	0.0162±0.0039a
未定义腐生-未定义的生物营养菌 Undefined saprotroph-undefined biotroph	0.0044±0.0022b	0.0983±0.0196a	0.0007±0.0003b
粪腐生-内生-凋落物腐生-未定义腐生菌 Dung saprotroph-endophyte-litter saprotroph-undefined saprotroph	0.0459±0.0079a	0.0259±0.0046a	0.0021±0.0011b
动物病原-内生-植物病原-木质腐生菌 Animal pathogen-endophyte-plant pathogen-wood saprotroph	0.0202±0.0044a	0.0173±0.0043a	0.0312±0.0077a
内生-植物病原菌 Endophyte-plant pathogen	0.0122±0.0024a	0.0188±0.0021a	0.0223±0.0061a
植物病原-土壤腐生-木质腐生菌 Plant pathogen-soil saprotroph-wood saprotroph	0.0061±0.0015a	0.0043±0.0031a	0.0169±0.0053a
植物病原-未定义腐生菌 Plant pathogen-undefined saprotroph	0.0034±0.0018ab	0.0137±0.0041a	0.0026±0.0017b

功能类型 Functional group	蒲公英 T. mongolicum	早熟禾 P. annua	野胡萝卜 D. carota
未定义腐生菌 Undefined saprotroph	0.2486±0.0478a	0.2096±0.0394a	0.1851±0.0558a
土壤腐生菌 Soil saprotroph	0.0107±0.0052b	0.0594±0.0072ab	0.0758±0.0212a
丛枝菌根真菌 Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi	0.0364±0.0126a	0.0636±0.0192a	0.0445±0.0154a
兰花菌根菌 Orchid mycorrhizal	0.0039±0.0009a	0.0063±0.0013a	0.0044±0.0009a
外生菌根 Ectomycorrhizal	0.0067±0.0026a	0.0037±0.0015a	0.0014±0.0002a
植物病原菌 Plant pathogen	0.0419±0.0181a	0.0356±0.0072a	0.0162±0.0039a
未定义腐生-未定义的生物营养菌 Undefined saprotroph-undefined biotroph	0.0044±0.0022b	0.0983±0.0196a	0.0007±0.0003b
粪腐生-内生-凋落物腐生-未定义腐生菌 Dung saprotroph-endophyte-litter saprotroph-undefined saprotroph	0.0459±0.0079a	0.0259±0.0046a	0.0021±0.0011b
动物病原-内生-植物病原-木质腐生菌 Animal pathogen-endophyte-plant pathogen-wood saprotroph	0.0202±0.0044a	0.0173±0.0043a	0.0312±0.0077a
内生-植物病原菌 Endophyte-plant pathogen	0.0122±0.0024a	0.0188±0.0021a	0.0223±0.0061a
植物病原-土壤腐生-木质腐生菌 Plant pathogen-soil saprotroph-wood saprotroph	0.0061±0.0015a	0.0043±0.0031a	0.0169±0.0053a
植物病原-未定义腐生菌 Plant pathogen-undefined saprotroph	0.0034±0.0018ab	0.0137±0.0041a	0.0026±0.0017b