拉萨河谷区箭筈豌豆和黑麦混、间播建植方式研究

doi:10.11686/cyxb2017348

草业学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (8): 39-49.DOI: 10.11686/cyxb2017348

拉萨河谷区箭筈豌豆和黑麦混、间播建植方式研究

王富强¹, 向洁¹, 郭宝光¹, 余成群^{2, 3}, 沈振西^{2, 3}, 邵小明^{1, 3, *}

1.中国农业大学资源与环境学院/生物多样性与有机农业北京市重点实验室,北京 100193;
2.中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101;
3.西藏高原草业工程技术研究中心,西藏拉萨 850000

收稿日期:2017-09-04 修回日期:2017-11-02 出版日期:2018-08-20 发布日期:2018-08-20
通讯作者: E-mail: shaoxm@cau.edu.cn
作者简介:王富强(1991-),男,安徽宣城人,在读博士。E-mail: wangfuqiang1991@126.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0502000),西藏饲草产业专项(2016ZDKJZC,2017ZDKJZC),西部城郊生态涵养高效农业模式研究与示范(2014BAD14B006)和西藏紫花苜蓿高效根瘤菌筛选及其示范应用研究(ZH20170001)资助

Establishment of Vicia sativa-Secale cereale mixed and intercropping methods for the Lhasa valley area

WANG Fu-qiang¹, XIANG Jie¹, GUO Bao-guang¹, YU Cheng-qun^{2, 3}, SHEN Zhen-xi^{2, 3}, SHAO Xiao-ming^{1, 3, *}

1.College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Agricultural, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
2.Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;
3.Engineering and Technology Research Center for Prataculture on the Tibet Plateau, Lhasa 850000, China

Received:2017-09-04 Revised:2017-11-02 Online:2018-08-20 Published:2018-08-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在西藏河谷区以箭筈豌豆与黑麦为材料,开展混、间播种植方式的比较研究,通过对牧草产量和饲用品质的测定分析,探讨适宜当地的种植方式。结果表明:箭筈豌豆和黑麦混播、间播处理使箭筈豌豆的有效分枝数和生物量受到抑制,黑麦有效分蘖数增加,生物量显著提高;相对于间播,混播更能表现出利于增产的种间关系,更利于增强种间正相互作用而减弱负相互作用,箭筈豌豆在混、间播条件下处于竞争劣势,大多数处理中其RY值小于1,黑麦在混、间播条件下处于竞争优势,大多数处理中其RY值大于1;由于不同牧草的生态位分化和种间互作关系,牧草的资源利用率提高,相比单播,适宜的豆禾牧草混、间播处理具有明显的产量优势,箭筈豌豆和黑麦2:1间播的鲜草产量(5253 g·m^-2)和20%+80%混播干草产量(1572 g·m^-2)最高,但混播处理的产量总体优于间播处理;箭筈豌豆与黑麦混、间播处理使混合牧草的饲用品质相比禾本科牧草有一定程度的改善。

关键词: 箭筈豌豆, 黑麦, 混播, 间播, 建植方式

Abstract: To establish cultivation methods suitable for the Lhasa Valley, we investigated the success of different mixed and intercropping patterns by measuring the yield and quality of forage from a legume, Vicia sativa (pea), and a grass, Secale cereale (rye). The results showed that the effective branch number and biomass of pea were lower under mixed sowing and intercropping than under monocropping, while the effective tiller number and biomass of rye increased under mixed sowing. Compared with intercropping, mixed sowing resulted in an interspecific relationship that resulted in better interspecific interactions and weaker negative interactions. Pea was at a competitive disadvantage in mixed cropping and intermittent cropping conditions. The relative yield value was less than 1 for rye in mixed cropping, but greater than 1 in intercropping conditions, indicative of its competitive advantage. Due to niche differentiation and interspecific interactions between the two species, the resource utilization rate of forage was improved in mixed and intercropping compared with monocropping, and the mixed and intercropping treatments had obvious yield advantages. The combination of V. sativa and S. cereale with an intercropping ratio of 2:1 resulted in the highest yield of fresh grass yield (5253 g·m^-2). The mixed ratio of 20% pea+80% rye resulted in the highest yield of hay (1572 g·m^-2). The overall yield was larger in the mixed treatments than in the monocropping treatments. The nutritional quality of the mixed forage was better than that of rye alone.

Key words: Vicia sativa, Secale cereal, mixtures, intercropping, establishment mode

王富强, 向洁, 郭宝光, 余成群, 沈振西, 邵小明. 拉萨河谷区箭筈豌豆和黑麦混、间播建植方式研究[J]. 草业学报, 2018, 27(8): 39-49.

WANG Fu-qiang, XIANG Jie, GUO Bao-guang, YU Cheng-qun, SHEN Zhen-xi, SHAO Xiao-ming. Establishment of Vicia sativa-Secale cereale mixed and intercropping methods for the Lhasa valley area[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2018, 27(8): 39-49.

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拉萨河谷区箭筈豌豆和黑麦混、间播建植方式研究

Establishment of Vicia sativa-Secale cereale mixed and intercropping methods for the Lhasa valley area

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